SU1417826A1 - Method of harvesting cereal crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and reduces the loss of grain when harvesting low-growing crops. The plant is cut in. two rusas, and the mass of the upper russ is threshed. The resulting grain threshing grain is placed in the roll on the stubble. The mass of the lower rus is placed in a roll. the upper mass of the upper rus roll, which, after drying in the roll, is picked up and re-threshed together with the mass of the lower rus ..)

Description

(L

WITH

to

15

20

25

thirty

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in the harvesting of most cereals (wheat, rye, rice, millet, etc.).

The goal of avoidance is to reduce grain losses when harvesting low-growing crops.

When harvesting crops by the proposed method, the plants are cut in two Russ. The mass of the upper tier is crushed. The resulting grain threshing grain is placed in a swath on the stubble. The mass of the lower rus is placed on the roll on the threshed mass (non-grain part) of the upper rus roll, which is then picked up and re-threshed together with the weight of the lower rus.

The proposed method can be carried out by a combine harvester, which is additionally equipped with a device, such as a slat conveyor, which allows the threshed upper roller mass to be delivered to the roll site.

When harvesting, a circular method of movement of the combine is used, for example, clockwise, starting cleaning from the periphery of the site and ending. chiva in the middle.

When the combine moves along the first pen, the grain mass is cut in two russes. The cut mass of the upper rus immediately enters the threshing drum, where it is threshed, released from the grain, after which it enters the conveyor and is delivered to the right edge of the canted corral, where it is placed in the roll next to the unmowed grain. the rusa at the first pass of the combine is laid at the left edge of the paddock on the stubble,

45

When the combine moves along the second and subsequent pens simultaneously with the placement of the threshed upper russe mass at the right side of the paddock, the lower wagon harvester transports and spreads the previously laid threshed mass obtained during the previous passage of the combine, the lower russe mass. As a result, a swath is formed. consisting of two layers: the bottom, it from the straw obtained from the thresh of the upper rus, and the upper from the mass of the lower rus.

35

50

o

five

0

five

0

five

After the laid roll has dried, it is picked and threshed. At the same time, the combine picker is adjusted so that, along with the mass of the lower rus, the underlying straw or even its upper layers is selected, otherwise the mass of the lower rus may not be completely selected due to the penetration of its individual ears into the underlying straw.

Strongly clogged breads. It is impossible to remove without loss of grain by direct combining, as the clogged grain mass is passed through the threshing drum through the juice of these weeds, and because of this, it is bad to thresh, which will lead to grain losses. Therefore, heavily clogged bread is recommended to be harvested by separate combining to avoid grain losses. However, the rolls are mowed and laid bread having a stem height not lower than 60 cm. Since the cut height is set at about 10 cm, the cut stems should have a length not shorter than 50 cm, otherwise they will fall through the stubble to the soil surface and they cannot be fully selected for threshing, which will lead to crop losses, in particular grains.

When cutting plants into two rusas, the height of the upper russe is not less than 30 cm, so the total length of the cut stalks, which can be removed by a known method without significant losses, should be at least 80 cm. According to the proposed method of harvesting, the total length of the cut stalks may be less than 80 cm and reach up to 60 cm. In this case, half the length of the stems (30 cm) will enter the upper Russian, and the remaining half with the lower. Thus, it is possible to remove more stunted bread without losing i. Cutting and threshing of the upper rusa with its increased humidity are also provided, since the grain not fully bored from the mass of this rusa will be threshed after drying in the roll and when threshed together with the lower brown.

By laying the threshed upper russe mass into rolls, a straw layer is created between the soil surface and the unwrapped mass of the lower rus. Such a layer prevents falling through the stubble of the mass of the lower rus on the top

 314

This completely eliminates the contact of the unmilled mass with the soil. At the same time, the mass of the upper tusa, being passed through the threshing drum, is in a loose state, as a result of which it has a large volume, which ensures its return over the soil surface and the formation of a strip from it sufficient to accommodate the mass of the lower rus. the bottom rusa on loose straw improves the conditions for drying the roll formed from the mass of the bottom rus, the completeness of the subsequent mass selection is ensured. At the same time, the underlying straw is also relatively fully selected, since it has good connectivity. Possible residues of stubble straw in the rollers (lower layers) will be embedded in the soil as fertilizers during plowing.

We select and send to the threshing drum together with the mass of the bottom rus the straw of the top rus

7826 -

although it requires additional energy for threshing, but these costs are more than offset by the additional collection of grain saved from losses. In addition, when re-threshing the mass of the upper rusa, it can be extracted from the grain, which is not sufficiently milled at the first thresh.

ten. .

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of harvesting grain crops, including two-cut cutting of plants, threshing of the mass of the upper tier, laying the mass of the lower tine of the roll, its subsequent selection and threshing, characterized in that, in order to reduce grain losses during 20 harvesting undersized crops, the threshed mass of the upper tier is laid in a swath on the stubble, and the laying of the mass of the lower tusk in a swath is carried out on the weight of the roll of the upper tusk, 25 which is subsequently picked up and re-thresh together with. soy lower rus.