SU1649689A1 - X-ray unit with a radiation yield recording device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to X-ray technology, namely to X-ray machines equipped with means for detecting radiation output. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the differentiated assessment of radiation loads on a patient while ensuring automatic separate recording of the dose and production of a dose by the irradiation area during imaging and radiography. For this, digital circuits 9, 10 of the signal processing of the external 7 and internal 8 sensitive fields of the ionization chamber 6 are introduced. The circuits 9, 10, respectively, contain current-to-frequency converters 18, 19, the first switches 20.21, the reversible counters 22, 23, the second switches 24 , 25, the first 26, 27 and second 28, 29 counters, to which the indicators 11 to 14 are connected. In scheme 9 there is an & SS (L

Description

Fig 2

OR 30 to sum the pulses from the transducers 18, 19 of both circuits. Solver 17 controls the second switches 24, 25, depending on the mode of operation of the device, connecting each of them to the first 26 26 27

or the second 28, 29 counter. The first clocking circuit 15 controls the commutators 20 '21, 24, 25 and the reversing counters 22, 23 of the circuits 9, 10. The second clocking circuit 16 controls the switches 20, 21 of the circuits 9, 10. 1 s. f-ly, 2 ill.

The invention relates to X-ray technology, in particular to X-ray spectra equipped with means for detecting radiation output.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the differentiated assessment of radiation loads on a patient while ensuring automatic separate registration of the dose and producing a dose on the irradiated area separately for images and translucency.

FIG. 1 shows a general functional diagram of an X-ray apparatus with a radiation output detection device; in fig. 2 - a more detailed functional diagram of the radiation output recorder.

The X-ray unit contains an X-ray tube 1 connected to a high voltage source 2 and a heat current source 3, to which the control unit 4 is connected, specifying the operating modes for imaging and scanning. The beam of the X-ray tube 1 forms a deep diaphragm 5, at the output of which a passive ionization chamber 6 of the radiation output recorder is installed. The ionization chamber 6 has a concentric external sensitive field of le 7 and an internal sensitive field of 8. The dimensions of the external sensitive field 7 are not smaller than the maximum dimensions of the x-ray beam at the location of the ionization chamber 6. The dimensions of the internal sensitive field 8 are smaller than the minimum size of the x-ray beam so the signal from this field 8 is proportional to the dose of irradiation of the object. Sensitive fields 7 and 8 are connected to the first inputs of the signals processing circuits 9 and 10, respectively. The first and second outputs of the signal processing circuit 9 of the external sensory count are

7, indicators 11 and 12 are applied to produce a dose per area, respectively, during imagery and translucency. The first and second outputs of the circuit 10 for processing the signal of the internal sensitive field 8 are connected to the indicators 13 and 14 of the dose of the corresponding prp images and translucency. The radiation output recorder also contains the first 15 and second 16 clocking circuits and the resolver 17. The third outputs of the circuits 9 and 0 are respectively connected to the inputs of the decision maker 17 and the first clocking circuit 15. The fourth output of the signal processing circuit 10 of the internal sensitive PSL 3 is connected to the second input of the signal processing circuit 9 of the external sensitive field 7, to the third, fourth and fifth inputs of which the output of the second clock circuit 16 is connected to the output of the resolver, respectively 17. To the second, third and fourth inputs of the processing circuit 10, respectively, the output of the first timing circuit 15 is connected, the second output of the timing circuit 16 and the output of the decider are set 17.

The processing circuits 9 and 10 (FIG. 2) comprise each current-to-frequency converter 18, 19 connected in series, a first switch 209 21 and a reversible counter 22.23, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first switch 20, 2, second switch 24, 25 and hcl-eyed at its outputs, the first 26, 27 and second 28, 29 counters, the outputs of which are the first and second outputs of the respective processing circuits 9, 10. In the circuit 10 for processing the signal of the internal sensitive field 8, the first input of the second switch 25 is connected to you: 4 968 96

The first switch 21 is directly connected. In addition, there is a common circuit 39

stately. In the signal processing circuit 9 of the external sensitive field 7, the first input of the second switch 24 is connected to the output of the first switch 20 via the element OR 30, to the second input of which is the second input of the processing circuit 9, the output of the first switch 21 of the processing circuit Yu, which connected to the fourth output of circuit 10.

The first scheme. 15 clocking contains sequentially connected genes

reset to O, connected (connections in Fig. 2 are not shown) to the corresponding inputs of counters 26-29, reversible counters 22, 23 and the first trigger 36 of the solver 17.

The x-ray unit operates as follows.

Before starting the survey, the operator, by pressing the button on the chain 39, zeroed the counters 26 to 29 and the reversible counters 22, 23, and also sets the first trigger 36 on O

rator 31 pulses, trigger 32 and us-j $ sewing device 17.

a reducing filter 33, the output of which, at the time of the start of irradiation, is

the pulse from the output of the current converter 18 to the frequency of the signal processing circuit 9 of the external sensitive field 7 20 flips the trigger 36, as a result of which the timer 37 starts counting the time. The output averaged y. which is the output of the circuit 15, is connected to the second and third inputs of the processing circuits 10 and 9, respectively. Each of these inputs in the corresponding circuit Yu and 9 is connected to the third input of the first switch 21,

20, the reversing input of the reversible counter 23, 22 and the second input of the second switch 25, 24.

The second clocking circuit 16 will contain a series-connected pulse generator 3 to the trigger 35, the first output of which, respectively, the first output of the circuit 16, is connected to the fourth input of the first switch 20 of the processing circuit 9 which is the fourth input of the circuit 9 The second output of the trigger 35, which is the second output of the circuit 16, then the key to the fourth input of the first switch 21 of the processing circuit 10, the total number of the third input of the circuit 10.

Solver 17 contains a first trigger 36 connected in series, a timer 37 and a second trigger 38 connected to the input of the O installation, the second trigger 38 output, which is the output of the decisive filter 33 of the first clock circuit 15, is close to zero set to state 1 by pulses from the output of generator 31, is constantly reset to O by pulses from the output of current transformer 19 to the frequency of circuit 10 for processing the signal of the internal sensitive ionization field 8 to chambers 6. The first switches 20, 21 circuits 9, 10 transmit pulses from the pre, 5 generators 18, 19 to the reversible counters 22, 23, and the second switches 24, 25 of the circuits 9, 10 are in the open state.

At the end of the irradiation trigger 32

40 of the first clocking circuit 15 is set to 1, the signal from the output of the averaging filter 33 reverses the counters 22, 23 and

they begin to receive pulses from the second device 17, connected to the third g of the RO5 clocking circuit 16 via the ner inputs of the second commutators 24.25 switches 20.21, and the trigger 35 of the circuit 16 sends, for example, even pulses from the generator 34 to the first switch 20 of the circuit 9, and 50 odd - on the first switch 21

The third outputs of circuits 9, 10, are associated with the circuits 10. In addition, the second ones with the outputs of the converters 18., the rotators 24, 25 of the circuits 9, 10 begin the routing of the indicated circuits, the corresponding pulses are connected either to the first - directly to the installation inputs by 1

processing circuits 9S 10, which are respectively the fifth and fourth inputs of circuits 9, 10.

26,27, or to the second counters 28, 29, depending on whether the time elapsed by timer 37 has passed. After passing the number O, reversing devices 36e 38 of the resolver 17 are formed on the reversible counters 22, 23 on them the input of the device 17, and to the input of the installation on O of the flip-flop 32 of the first timing circuit 15, which is in the memory of the circuit 15.

reset on O, connected (connection in Fig. 2 not shown) to the corresponding inputs of the counters 26 to 29, reversible counters 22, 23 and the first trigger 36 solver 17.

X-ray machine operates as follows.

Before starting the survey, the operator by pressing the button of the circuit 39 zeroes the counters 26 to 29 and the reversing counters 22, 23, and also sets the first trigger 36 of the cutting filter 33 of the first timing circuit 15 to O, the potential is close to zero because the trigger 32 of this circuit is set In state 1, the pulses from the output of the generator 31 are continuously reset to O by pulses from the output of the current converter 19 to the frequency of the signal processing circuit 10 of the internal sensitive field 8 of the ionization chamber 6. The first switches 20.21 sec Hem 9.10 transmits pulses from transducers 18, 19 to reversible counters 22, 23, and the second switches 24, 25 of circuits 9, 10 are in the open-closed state.

At the end of the irradiation trigger 32

the first clocking circuit 15 is set to 1, the signal from the output of the averaging filter 33 reverses the counters 22, 23 and

circuits 10. In addition, the second commutators 24, 25 circuits 9,10 start sending pulses either to the first counts

five

26,27, or to the second counters 28, 29, depending on whether the time set by timer 37 has expired. After passing the number O, the potentials are formed on the reversible counters 22, 23 on them, translating the first switches 20,21 open state, and the counting is terminated.

The second switch 24 of the signal processing circuit 9 of the external sensitive field 7 through the element OR 30 receives a pulse both through the first switch 20 of this circuit 9 from the converter 18 and through the first switch 21 of the circuit 10 from the converter 19, i.e. there is a summation of the pulses of both registration channels.

Work solver 17 is as follows.

The first pulse from the output of converter 18 of circuit 9 sets triggers 36 and 38 to state I, and timer 37 starts counting the time, accompanied by the appearance of a periodic sequence at its output, acting on the input to set O of trigger 38. If the set time expires the timer, for example 10 seconds, the irradiation will continue (which means that the X-ray unit is operating in the scanning mode), then the output of the trigger 38 is set to 1: while within this time yciasKK the output of the trigger is set to O. Trigger 38 pack equals the second switches 24,25 of the circuits 9,10, selectively switching them on to the first 26, 27 or second 28 29 counters depending on its output state, indicating the mode of the image or translucency.

Thus, in the described X-ray apparatus, the dose is automatically recorded by the digital method and the dose is produced by the irradiation area separately in the mode of images and translucency when the obtained results are output to the corresponding indicators.

Claims (2)

1. An X-ray unit with a radiation output recorder, containing an X-ray tube connected to a high voltage source and a start current source, an apparatus control unit with means for switching operating modes, connected to high voltage sources and a filament current, orifice plate, aperture an ionization chamber installed at the exit of the depth diaphragm and equipped with two cocentric sensitive fields, the outer dimensions of the outer cotopyos are not less than the maximum about the possible size of the x-ray beam at the installation site of the ionization chamber, and the size of the internal body field is chosen to be smaller than the g-minimally possible size of the x-ray beam, which are related to the sensitive fields / cells and the signal processing circuit different from that, in order to increase the accuracy of the differentiated assessment of radiation loads on the patient, to ensure the automatic separate recording of the dose and to produce a dose of radiation exposure In the case of simulations and transmissions, the first axis of timing, j, the second timing circuit, the resolver, and intermittent indicators have been set up to produce a dose of radiation at a time; and transmission, the first and second CONCLUSIONS of the signal processing circuit of the sensitive field of the ionization chamber gogaschekp respectively to the dose production indicators per irradiation area during imagery and latex-shvanin a-the third is connected to the solver output, nepf-vn and the second output of the internal signal processing circuit the sensitive floor of the ionization chamber is connected respectively to the dose indicators during imaging and radiography, the third output is connected to the input of the worms of scheme 1 and the fourth output is connected to the entrance to the The signal processing circuits of the external sensitive field of the ionization chamber, to the third, fourth and fifth inputs of which are connected, respectively, the output of the first clock circuit, the first output of the second clock circuit, and the output of the resolver, and to the vtop, third and fourth inputs cv fMb: signal processing of the internal sensitive The floor of the ionization chamber is connected to a corresponding output, the first tactical control circuit, the second output T, the first clock circuit, and the output solver. 2. Apparatus pop. 1, with a tl and a heat that the circuitry of the external and internal sensitive fields of the ionization chamber contains each connected in series, a current-to-frequency converter, a perm switch and a reversible counter whose output is connected to the second input of the first switch, the second switch and the first and second counters connected at its outputs, the outputs of which are in the first and second outputs of the corresponding processing circuit, respectively, and in the signal processing circuit of the internal sensitive part The first input of the second switch is connected to the output of the first switch directly, and in the processing circuit of the external sensitive poly signal through the OR element, to the second input of which is the second input of this processing circuit connected to the fourth output of the internal signal processing circuit the sensitive field is the output of the first switch of the specified circuit, the first clocking circuit contains a series-connected pulse generator trigger and an averaging filter, the output of which is the output of the first A second clocking scheme, the second and third inputs connected to it, respectively, of the signal processing circuits of the internal and external sensitive fields in each and these circuits are connected each with the third input of the first switch, the reverse input of the reversible counter and the second input of the second switch, the input of the first clocking circuit - about , ten 15 649689Y The input of the installation on the Tigger circuit is connected, and the third output of the internal sensitive field signal processing circuit connected to it is connected to the output of the current to frequency converter of this circuit, the second clock circuit contains a series-connected pulse generator and a trigger, the outputs of which are the first and the second outputs of the second clock circuit, and the fourth and third inputs connected to them, respectively, of the signal processing circuits of the external and internal sensitive fields are the fourth inputs of the first x switches of these circuits, the resolver device contains a first trigger connected in series, a timer and a second trigger connected to it on the installation O, the output of which is the output of the resolver, and the fourth and fifth inputs connected to it, respectively The external sensitive fields are the third inputs of the second switches of the specified circuits, the input of the resolver is connected to the installation inputs to 1 of its first and second triggers, and the third output associated with it processing schemes. . the external sensitive field signal is connected to the output of the current-to-frequency converter of this circuit, and re-; The versioned counters, the first and second counters of both processing circuits, and the first trigger of the registering device are equipped with those connected to a common chain. 25 thirty 35 40 pi outputs reset to O. | fk “2 Zhazh Vvf i & I a SN / w vv “V "