SU1632501A1 - Cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to centrifugal devices for separating disperse systems and can be used in chemical and other industries. The purpose of the invention is to increase dust collection efficiency by preventing secondary entraining of collected dust. The cyclone contains a cylindrical body 1 nozzle 2 feeding dusty gas nozzle 3 for outputting purified gas bunker 4 for collecting the collected dust with pipe 5 for it you

Description

The invention relates to devices of the centrifugal principle of action for the separation of dispersed systems and can be used in the chemical, microbiological, food to other industries

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of dust collection by preventing re-entrainment of collected dust.

The drawing shows the proposed cyclone section.

The cyclone contains a cylindrical body 1, in the upper part of which the tangential walls of it contain the branch pipe 2 for supplying dust-laden gas and coaxially with the body 1 the branch pipe 3 for outputting the cleaned gas. In the lower part, the housing 1 communicates with the cavity of the hopper 4 for collecting the collected dust having a nozzle 5 for discharging the dust. The cavity of the housing 1 is separated from the cavity of the hopper 4 by a disk 6, in the center of which there is a hole in which the conical sleeve 7 is installed. A coaxially sleeve 7 with the formation of an annular gap 8 has a fairing 9, made of two conical parts with a common base. the possibility of vertical movement relative to the cavity of the hopper 4, and the fairing - with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the disk 6. The angle of taper u, the inner surface of the sleeve is equal to the angle of taper cti of the lower part of the fairing.

The cyclone works as follows.

The dust-laden gas enters the cavity of the housing 1 through the tangentially mounted nozzle 2, twists and moves the adel of the walls of the housing 1 along the descending screw. The dust particles under the action of centrifugal forces move to the walls of the housing 1, the dust flow is concentrated and discharged into the cavity of the hopper 4 in the gap between the walls of the housing 1 and the surface of the disk 6. At the surface of the disk 6, the gas vortex flow reverses the direction of movement (not occupied by the downward flow) of the cavity of the housing 1

The gas flow is further purified, since the dust particles under the action of centrifugal forces move from the upstream to the downward and are discharged through the nozzle 3 from the cyclone.

Since along with the flow of dust into the cavity of the bunker comes a part of the gas to be purified, the static pressure in this cavity increases and the possibility of the backflow of gas from the cavity

the bunker into the working area of the cyclone. The zone of this overflow along the perimeter of the gap between the housing 1 and the disk b leads, firstly, to the reverse removal of the collected dust (secondary entrainment), and secondly, to the creation of conditions hindering the removal of dust that has not yet fallen into the cavity of the bunker.

The gas entering the cavity of the bunker is discharged through the annular gap 8 between the surface of the sleeve 7 and the lower part of the fairing 9. Since the movement of the dust flow in the bunker 4 still has a twisted motion of the two walls of the bunker 4, centrifugal forces act on the dust particles their capture gas flow from the bunker. In addition, the cross section of the bunker is substantially larger than the cross section of the hull, and the amount of gas entering the bunker is only a small part of the amount of gas to be purified,

therefore, the velocity of the gas in the cavity of the bunker is small and not sufficient to capture the collected dust. The gas is withdrawn from the bunker due to the difference in static pressures of the central part of the working

the zone of the apparatus (the vacuum zone) and in the cavity of the bunker (overpressure zone) so that the flow withdrawn from the bunker does not disturb the hydrodynamic structure of the main flow, which changes in this zone

5, the direction is reversed, the design of the cone 9, consisting of two conjugate conical parts, is used. The upper conical part is the stabilizer of the resulting upward flow, and the lower part ensures the continuous flow of the exhaust gas and is a regulator of the size of the gap 8 when the fairing 9 is vertically moved relative to the disk b. A smooth adjustment of the gap 8 (and, consequently, the amount of gas withdrawn from the bunker 4) and ensuring the continuity of flow in the entire adjustment range is achieved by the equal angles of tapering 1 and az to the inner surface of sleeve 7 and the lower part of the fairing 9, respectively.

Adjusting the gap between the surface of the disk b and the walls of the housing 1, carried out by vertically moving the disk 6, together with adjusting the gap 7, allows optimizing the dust collection conditions for each case (different in composition cleaned gases, different in fractional composition, adhesion, coagulation, types of dust particles), as well as adjust to the optimum when changing any parameters (the flow rate of the gas to be purified, dust, etc.) during operation of the apparatus.

Thus, the use of the proposed cyclone design allows for increased dust collection efficiency by preventing re-entrainment.

collected dust, which is provided by the organization of a rational hydrodynamic structure of gas flow in the working area and the apparatus bunker and is achieved through the use of the proposed design of a fairing with a conical sleeve, as well as the ability to adjust the gaps for venting.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A cyclone containing a cylindrical body, a tangentially located branch pipe for the supply of dusty gas, a branch pipe for the discharge of purified gas, a bunker for collecting the collected dust with a disk separating the cavity of the bunker from the housing cavity, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of dust collection by preventing secondary entrapped dust, it is equipped with a fairing made of two cones with a common base, in the center of the disk there is a hole in which a sleeve is installed with an inner conical surface extending towards the working cavity of the housing, while the fairing is mounted coaxially with the sleeve with the possibility of vertical movement, the taper angle of the lower part of the spinner is equal to the angle of taper of the sleeve, and the disk is mounted with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the cavity of the hopper.