RU211135U1 - Vortex cyclone with irrigation - Google Patents

Abstract

The device belongs to devices for cleaning polluted air from suspended pollutants and can be used in engineering enterprises and the construction industry. The technical result is to improve the quality of cleaning. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a vortex cyclone containing a cylindrical body with a tangential inlet pipe, a sludge outlet pipe, a central outlet chamber, there is an annular water distributor with a slotted water supply to the inner surface of the outlet pipe, located in the upper part of the chamber, and in the lower part of the chamber inside there is an annular visor-water collector.

Description

The device belongs to devices for cleaning polluted air from suspended pollutants and can be used in engineering enterprises and the construction industry.

In the practice of air cleaning from suspended solids, centrifugal cleaning is widely used in cyclone-type apparatuses with a tangential supply of source polluted air. Cyclones are known (ac. No. 1197441, bull. No. 46 dated 12/15/85), in which, when unloading the bunker, to reduce dust suction into the main body, an elastic shutter, a dust collector are installed (ac. No. 1242244, bul. No. 25 of 07/07/86) with the formation of a spiral channel for air movement, with periodic removal of accumulated through special traps, a direct-flow cyclone (AS No. 1404119, bul. No. 23 of 06.23. in which the outlet of the outlet pipe is located in the radial plane of the cyclone close to the body axis. The disadvantages of these devices are the lack of dust collection efficiency due to the re-entrainment of small suspended pollutants.

Known cyclone (ac. No. 1632501, bull. No. 9 dated 07.03.91), in which there is a fairing that forms an ascending central vortex inside the cyclone. This device is accepted by us as a prototype. The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows:

1. The interaction of two vortices in a cylindrical body 1, rotating in different directions, leads to their destruction and a decrease in the quality of cleaning.

2. The pressure difference between the cavity of the hopper 4 and the cavity of the housing 1 leads to the reverse removal of the trapped dust into the central part of the housing, as a result of which dust particles of medium and fine dispersion enter the outlet pipe 3 and the cleaning quality decreases.

To eliminate the noted shortcomings, the goal was to improve the quality of cleaning. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a vortex cyclone containing a cylindrical body with a tangential inlet pipe, a sludge outlet pipe, a central outlet chamber, there is an annular water distributor with a slotted water supply to the inner surface of the outlet pipe, located in the upper part of the chamber, and in the lower part of the chamber , inside there is an annular visor-water collector.

Under the annular canopy of the water collector there are guide vanes of the aerodynamic profile for additional twisting of the air flow, and the central chamber has hollow brackets in the area of the canopies-water collectors with a hole in the connection zone, connected to the body, and the brackets are made of a streamlined shape, in the form of blades and are located in the direction coinciding with with the direction of rotation of the flow inside the body, and in the central vortex channel there is a central rod coaxially located, tapering from the guiding blades to the upper section of the vortex channel.

The proposed device is shown in Fig.1-7, where

figure 1 - General view,

figure 2 - guide vanes,

figure 3 - bracket profile,

figure 4 - section guide vanes,

figure 5 - node I - annular water distributor with a slotted inlet and a chipper,

figure 6 - node II - removal of the sludge film,

Fig.7 - visor-collector.

Figure 1-7 shows the proposed device and its elements, where 1 - housing, 2 - Central vortex chamber 3 - chipper, 4 - top cover, 5 - annular water distributor, 6 - tangential inlet pipe, 7 - central rod, 8 - canopy-water collector, 9 - guide vanes, 10 - bracket, 11 - lower bottom, 12 - sludge discharge pipe, 13 - sleeve, 14 - irrigated water supply pipe.

The proposed device is a cylindrical body 1, in which a central vortex chamber 2 is installed coaxially. To supply the initial dusty air, the body 1 has a branch pipe 6 located tangentially. In the upper part of the body 1 there is a top cover 4, on which there is an annular water distributor 5 with a branch pipe for supplying irrigated water 14. The distributor 5 has an annular slot "a" above the wall of the channel 2 and a baffle 3 for directing water along the inner wall of the vortex chamber 2. B The lower part of the vortex chamber 2 has an annular visor-collector 8, made wavy with a slope in the area of the brackets 10, where there are holes "in" in the wall of the chamber 2. The vortex chamber 2 is connected to the body 1 by a bracket 10 in the area of the holes "b" and is attached with an inclination to the body 1. The bracket 10 is made hollow, in the area of connection with the body 1 it has an outlet "c" for the sludge outlet. In the vortex chamber 2 under the annular visor-collector 8 there are guide vanes 9 to create a vortex in the chamber 2. In the center of the block of vanes 9 there is a sleeve 13 in which a central rod 7 is installed, tapering from the guide vanes 9 to the upper section of the vortex chamber 2. Housing 1 has a bottom bottom 11 with a sludge outlet 12.

The device works as follows. The air polluted with suspended solids through the ventilation system is supplied to the housing 1 through the tangential pipe 6 and acquires a rotational motion. Under the action of centrifugal forces, a large fraction of pollutants is thrown to the wall of the housing 1 and, concentrating there, in the form of a layer of sludge, slides down the wall, to the bottom 11 and further, to the branch pipe 12. The part of the air flow containing medium and fine fractions of pollutants changes direction and enters the vortex chamber 2, passing through the guide blades 9. The air flow, flowing through the blades 9, acquires an additional rotational momentum for the formation of a vortex rotation in the chamber 2. The shape of the blades that form the confuser channels contributes to an increase in the air flow velocity, which intensifies the rotation of the vortex in chamber 2. The presence of a central rod 7 in the center of the vortex chamber eliminates the presence of small particles of pollutant in the center of the chamber, diverting them to the zone of action of the vortex, which contributes to an increase in the degree of purification. Small and medium-sized pollutant particles, under the action of the centrifugal forces of the vortex, are thrown to the wall of the chamber 2. Simultaneously with the supply of air to the pipe 6, the irrigation water is supplied through the pipe 14 to the annular water distributor 5 located on the top cover 4. The incoming water begins to flow through the annular slotted hole "a" located above the edge of the wall of chamber 2. The existing reflector 3, installed tangentially to the annular water distributor 5 at a slight angle to the wall of chamber 2, contributes to the formation of a continuous film of liquid flowing down along the inner wall of chamber 2. In the lower part of the chamber 2, above the area of the guide vanes 9, there is an annular visor-water collector 8, where a film of water flows down together with medium and small pollutants discarded by the vortex in the chamber 2. The flowing film of water with sludge, entering the visor-water collector 8 through the hole "c", enters the hollow brackets 10, from where, through the holes in the lower part of the brackets, near the wall, it enters the general stream of sludge and along the bottom 11, is removed through the pipe 12 The aerodynamic shape of the brackets 10 and their location in accordance with the rotation of the air flow in the body 1 does not distort the flow of air at the entrance to the vortex chamber 2. The presence of a wavy shape of the connection of the canopy-water collector 8 with a slope towards the holes "c" eliminates the accumulation of sludge in visor 8, and the existing slope of the brackets 10 from the body 2 to the body 1 provides a uniform discharge of the resulting sludge.

Thus, the use of the proposed vortex cyclone with irrigation improves the quality of the cleaned air.

Claims (1)

A vortex cyclone with irrigation, containing a cylindrical body, a tangential inlet pipe of the source air, a sleeve, characterized in that it additionally contains a central vortex chamber, guide vanes, a central rod tapering from the guide vanes to the upper section of the vortex chamber, annular water distributors, a sludge discharge pipe, irrigated water supply pipe, bottom, annular water collectors, hollow brackets, bump stop, top cover.

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