SU1600651A1 - Method and apparatus for forming tree crown - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, fruit production. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method when growing trees on medium and high growth stocks. The following year, after planting the seedlings, a bending device is put on a constant place on the center conductor. Using adjusting screws, the bending angle in the direction between the aisles is brought to 45 ° to the horizontal. The next flexor is worn at a distance of 20-25 cm from the first so that the second bend is directed in the opposite direction to the first bend. The third and subsequent bends are performed at a distance of 40-50 cm from the previous one. The center conductor can also be formed according to the type of the ascending spiral. The method allows to reduce the crown height by 25.4% of the natural height of the tree. The bending device for forming the crown consists of perforated, pivotally connected tubes with a longitudinal incision, interconnected by springs with adjusting tensioning mechanisms. On the hinges, bending levers are fixed, which interact with stops hinged on the tubes, having stops and clamps. 2 sec. f-ly, 2 zp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, fruit production, and can be used to form a reduced crown of fruit trees on strong and medium-sized rootstocks.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method when growing trees on medium and high-growth stocks.

FIG. 1 shows a tree with a zigzag center conductor; in fig. 2 - bending device, general view; in fig. 3 - bending device, working position.

Example. In order to carry out the proposed method the next year after planting the seedlings at a constant place on the center conductor at a height of 30-40 cm, a bending device is put on. Gradually, with the help of adjustment screws, the bending angle of the central conductor is adjusted in the direction between the aisles to 45 ° to the horizontal. The next flexor is put on the center conductor at a distance of 20-25 cm from the first one in such a way that the second bend is directed in the opposite direction to the first bend. In this case, the second and subsequent bending angles are adjusted to 90 ° with respect to the shoot or 45 ° with respect to the horizontal. The third and subsequent bends are performed at a distance, for example, 40-50 cm from the previous one.

Thus, the central conductor of a tree acquires a zigzag shape with the angles of the second and subsequent bends of 90 ° and the length of the second and subsequent sides.

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for example 40-50 cm (Fig. 1). Central bending springs 5, which

the conductor can be formed pre-pass through the holes in the bending

lagging way and on the bottom of the ascending arm of the lever 4, rigidly fixed on the middle

spirals. Both in the first and in the tube 1. Under the action of the bending cases, the vertical axis of the grip 5, the upper and lower perforated, coincides with the stem and passes through its tubes 1 approaching the bending lever 4, passing this The second bending angle located inside the tubes 1 of the center conductor, i.e., the center conductor 10 is gradually bending.

So that the bending angle of the central conductor does not exceed the required value, in the stops 7, pivotally mounted on

natural (implied) position of the center conductor of the tree.

When the center conductor acquires a stable position of the desired shape, the bending machines are removed.

Thus, by giving the center conductor a zigzag shape by the proposed method, only due to mechanical bends, the height of the tree when

the upper and lower tubes 1 and the passage: (40 cm tamba is reduced by 25.4% of its length through holes in the bending height of the tree. For example, the quay 4, limit stops 8 are inserted into the curvature of the natural crown 4-5 The height of the tree formed by the proposed method is 2J, 73 m, respectively, which is 1.02-1.27 m lower. In addition, the conductor bends are made 20 (i.e., the deviation from the vertical

ba After giving the conductor the desired angle c. stops 7 behind the bending lever 4 insert the bends 9.

Having fixed the required angle of the bend, tighten the adjusting screws 6, thus loosening the action of the bending springs 5, and remove them

1. load. With a thickening of the central

Thus, in total, the height of the distributor, the diameter of the perforated material on medium to high growth 1 increases due to stretching) due to the biological features of the plant, reduces the vegetative post.

The yield on medium- or high-growth b) x, formed by the proposed method, is 30--35% lower than C: by forming them in the traditional way.

The formation of skeletal branches is performed on the upper part of the bend with their subordination between themselves and the central conductor by bending. All other shoots are shortened or arcuate are transferred to the open wall (position.

The method is implemented by means of a bending device shown in FIG. 2

The device consists of three perforated, hinged-connected tubes 1 having a longitudinal section 2 and connected by springs 3 so that when the conductor is thickened, the tubes can increase in diameter. A bending arm 4 is attached to the central tube for imparting

thirty

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Side 1 is enlarged by stretching the compressive springs 3. For this, the perforated tubes have longitudinal cuts 2.

The effect of the proposed method and device is tested on the trees of Blonisort Rennet Simirenko on the seed seedling wild forest blon.

Claims (4)

1. A method of forming a crown of fruit trees, including forming a reduced crown by giving the conductor a zigzag shape, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the method when growing trees on medium and high-growth roots, the zigzag shape of the trunk is obtained by multiple bending of the central ONE-TWO. n, 5, r, wa ,, n p ,, -. o,, ".... ...-. L. - the conductor of a tree starting with the bend with the inner centering conductor located inside the summer, at a distance of 20-50 cm of the 1st center conductor due to the angle of 45 ° to the horizontal, while the 1-bending springs 5 and the adjusting wines-each subsequent bend are made 6 of the initial moment of force is bending either in the opposite direction, or ba. On the extreme tubes it is pivotally fixed along the ascending spiral, Lena supports 7 with adjustable limbs-2. Crown reader; 8 and bend locks 9, 50 fruit trees, containing guides that pass through the holes of the bending element, characterized in that the lever (Fig. 2 and 3). The guide element is made of a ball. In the following way, the ohrically connected and having a longitudinal ode to the central conductor of the tree are tubes that are connected between each other and have a bending device, while using springs and adjusting the hardened tensioning mechanisms through springs and but the tubes 1 are in the same plane, i.e. they are arranged vertically. You are adjusting the screws 6, and a bending lever is attached to each pipe joint hinge, which interacts with the hinges attached to the tube so that the bending angle of the central conductor does not exceed the required value, into the stops 7 fixed pivotally on the upper and lower tubes 1 and passing through the holes in the bending rye, inserts the limiters 8, bending through the holes in the bending rye, inserting the limiters 8 of the bend. After giving the conductor the desired angle c. stops 7 behind the bending lever 4 insert the bends 9. conductor diameter of perforated tubes 1 is increased by stretching five side 1 is enlarged by stretching the compressive springs 3. For this, the perforated tubes have longitudinal cuts 2 The effect of the proposed method and device is tested on the trees of Blonisort Rennet Simirenko on the seed seedling wild forest blon. Invention Formula 1. A method of forming a crown of fruit trees, including forming a reduced crown by giving the conductor a zigzag shape, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the method when growing trees on medium and high-growth roots, the zigzag shape of the trunk is obtained by multiple bending of the central ONE-TWO conductor of a tree starting with summer age at a distance of 20-50 cm at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal, with each subsequent bending carried out either in the opposite direction or in an upward spiral, 2. A device for forming a crown of fruit trees containing a directional element, characterized in that the guiding element is made of hinged and longitudinally sectioned tubes which are interconnected by means of springs and adjusting tensioning mechanisms, wherein On each joint of the connection of the tubes, a bending lever is fixed, which interacts with the hinges attached to the pipes, stops, which have stops and bends of the angle of bending of the tubes. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that an annular spring is placed on each tube. 4. A device according to claim 2, characterized in that each tensioning mechanism is made in the form of a screw pair, the nut of which is fixed to the pipe, and one end of the screw is connected to the spring. Phi g.1 Fig.Z