SU1595893A1 - Method of producing lubricant for cold-working of metals - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to lubricants, in particular the preparation of a lubricant for cold working metals, such as during rolling, forging, stamping, pressing and drawing. The goal is to increase the anti-friction properties of the lubricant. For this, saponification of the fat-containing product with an aqueous solution of caustic alkali is carried out when heated. As a fat-containing product, a mixture of waste oil from the production of drying oils and fusas of vegetable oils (weight ratio 1: 0.7-1.2) is used, which is pre-mixed at the saponification temperature, and then mixed with water at the same temperature and weight ratio 1: (0 , 8-1). The test of this lubricant shows its lower than in the known case, the coefficient of friction, while ensuring a greater thickness of the lubricating layer on the treated surface. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the technology of producing lubricants for cold working of metals by pressure and can be used in the processes of rolling, forging, stamping, pressing and drawing.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the anti-friction properties of the lubricant.

For the preparation of the lubricant, polishing wastes are used, which are robs of sediment resulting from settling. The precipitate is a thick mass of black with the smell of solvent used in the production of drying oil. Main indicators: acid number 4 - 8 mg KOH / g;

The number of saponification 80 - 90 mg KOH / g - the content of volatile substances up to 20% and substances that are not soluble in acetone (products of polymerization and condensation), up to 25%; the content of the mixture of fatty acids and non-pouring substances is 60–62%; iodine number 100% I hydroxyl number 250 mg KOH / g; ash content up to 1%. Chromatographic analysis of the fatty acids lost showed that the product contains up to 20% palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids, the rest of the hydroxy acid.

Fuz of vegetable oils (fuz) is a precipitate from crude oil, which is obtained as a result of settling.

JV with

sd

00

with

SL9

centrifuging or filtering the oil. The composition of Fusa includes 66 - 72% of oil; 9.5 - 21.5% of phosphatides and 3.6 - 7.37a protein substances, the rest is hydrocarbons, fiber, phytin and ash.

The proposed method for producing a lubricant is as follows.

The wastes of the production of drying oils and fuzes in a mass ratio of 1: 0.7–1.2 are loaded into the reactor and mixed (dispersed) using a paddle or frame type stirrer, bringing the temperature to 85 -. Dispersing - 5

ten

In the sample taken from the reactor, the mass fraction of fatty acids and their acid number are determined. The amount of caustic soda needed for saponification of the non-moisture base is calculated by these parameters. Then to the fat-containing product, without stopping the stirring, water is added to the reactor at a weight ratio of 1: 0.8 to 1.1. The contents of the reactor are stirred for 1 hour. After this, the saponification process is carried out, gradually introducing with stirring a 40 - D2% aqueous solution of sodium. After introducing the entire amount of alkali, the mass in the reactor is stirred for 1 hour at the same temperature.

Lubrication by a known method is obtained as follows.

The fatty acids isolated from the soap stock of technical fat are distilled to obtain the ratio of saturated fatty acids 1.2-1.4 in the tar residue. The resulting tar residue is at 80–90 ° C with an aqueous solution of alkali until the appearance of free alkali (0.03–0.05% NaOH).

In tab. 1 shows the technological parameters of the proposed lubrication and physico-chemical properties

1595893

proposed and known samples

lubricants.

The viscosity of the lubricants is determined by;

Reotest-2 viscometer.

Tests have shown that lubricant samples obtained by the proposed method have lower viscosity with a higher solid content in comparison with the known (MG-2 lubricant).

Antifriction properties are characterized by the coefficient of friction and the layer of lubricant in the deformation zone. They are determined by the method of precipitation of rings of aluminum, brass and carbon steel with a degree of deformation of 20t2% and 50t2%. Test results for 10% solutions of lubricants are given

in tab. 2

As can be seen from the table. 2, the lubricant obtained by this method has higher anti-friction properties as compared to the known one. (lower friction coefficient), providing a greater thickness of the lubricating layer on the surface to be treated.

STIO

20

25

thirty

Formula

the invention

A method of producing a lubricant for cold metal forming by saponifying the fat-containing product with an aqueous solution of caustic alkali when heated, characterized in that, in order to increase the anti-friction properties of the lubricant, a mixture of drying oil and fusa vegetable oils in their mass ratio 1: O, 7 - 1.2, which is pre-mixed at the saponification temperature, followed by mixing the fat-containing product with water at the same temperature in their mass ratio with Responsibly 1: 0.8 - 1.0.

35

40

thirty

Formula

the invention

A method of producing a lubricant for cold metal forming by saponifying the fat-containing product with an aqueous solution of caustic alkali when heated, characterized in that, in order to increase the anti-friction properties of the lubricant, a mixture of drying oil and fusa vegetable oils in their mass ratio 1: O, 7 - 1.2, which is pre-mixed at the saponification temperature, followed by mixing the fat-containing product with water at the same temperature in their mass ratio with tvetstvenno 1: 0.8 - 1.0.

Table I

table 2

Claims (1)

Claim The method of obtaining lubricants for cold metal processing by saponification of a fat-containing product with an aqueous solution of caustic alkali when heated, characterized in that, in order to improve the anti-friction properties of the lubricant, as a fat-containing product, a mixture of waste oil of drying oil and fuse vegetable oils in their mass ratio 1 0.7 - 1.2, which is pre-mixed at the saponification temperature, followed by mixing the fat-containing product with water at the same temperature in their mass ratio corresponding to pure 1: 0.8 -1.0, five 1595893 6 Table I Sample The ratio of waste production of linseed oil and fuse Ratio of product and water content The content of the hard part in grease us.2 ' The content of fatty acids, wt.X Viscosity grease kinematic, St The context of the lubricant at. 25 ^e C in grease in solid. lubrication parts one ί ϊθ.6, 1: 0.7 58,8 37.4 63.6 26 Liquid 2 1: 0.7 1: 0,8 55.5 35.6 64.0 31 Flowing fluid 3 1: 0,8 1: 1 50.0 32.2 64.0 thirty Liquid four 1: 0.9 1: 0.9 52.6 34.0 64.6 35 Flowing fluid five 1: 1 1: 1 50.0 32.2 64.0 thirty Liquid 6 1: 1,2 1: 0,8 55.5 36.7 6.6,0 40 Flowing fluid 7 1: 1,2 1: 1 50.0. 33.1 66.2 45 Mase-like eight 1: 1,3 1: 1,2 45.5 ' 29.9 65.7 40 · Flowing fluid 9 (known) - 35.0 33.5 95.7 69 Hard table 2 Sample Aluminum Degree of deformation Brass Degree of deformation Carbon steel Degree of deformation 5012% 2012% 5012% 2012% Coef- Thickness Coefficient Thickness Coef- Thickness fic- grease cient grease fic- grease * ent foot friction foot ent foot three layer. layer, three • layer " of um um of um Coefficient friction 0.20 0.20 0.18 . 0.14 0.12 0.17 0.18 0.21 0.22 12.0 12.0 ^11.5 11.0 11, 0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 0.23 0.19 "0.16 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.18 0.25 0.26 13.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 I 1.0 9.5 9.0 8.2 0.34 0.30 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.30 0.31 0.35 12.5 12.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 0.29 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.28 0.29 0.30 Thickness lubricating layer, um 11.0 11.5 11.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 11.5 10.0 9.0 2012% Coefficient friction Thickness lubricating layer, um 0.39 12.0 0.37 by 0.37 11.5 0.35 10.0 P.35 10.0 -0.36 ' 10.0 0.37 9.5 0.39 9.5 0.40 9.6 - '5012% Coefficient trennya Thickness lubricating layer, um 0.38 0.35 0.34 0.3 2 0.32 0.31 ' 0.32 0.37 0.38 1.1, .0 10.5 10.5 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.4 9.5 9.5