SU1539570A1 - Bed for adaptive run-in carburettor i.c. engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to engine-building and can be used in the production and repair of internal combustion engines. In order to reduce burn-in time, reduce fuel consumption and simplify the stand design, a fuel shut-off device was introduced into the stand, made in the form of a housing 17 installed under the carburetor 15, with a channel 18 in which a damper 19 connected to the carburetor air damper 21 and with an electromagnet 23 connected to the normally open contacts of the time relay. The relay is connected to the speed control unit, and a counter of 25 cycles is connected to the electromagnet. The control unit for the movement of the fuel delivery body is made in the form of a reducer, the input shaft of which is connected to an electric motor connected to normally closed time relay contacts, and an electromagnetic clutch is mounted on the output shaft on which case a cable 12 is attached to the body of fuel supply lever 13 . 5 il.

Description

The invention relates to the arrangement and can be used in the field of production and repair of days of internal combustion (ICE).

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the running-in time and reduce fuel consumption.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed stand, a general view; in fig. 2 - fuel supply shut-off device with a fuel delivery body (carburetor); in fig. 3 — control unit for displacing the fuel delivery body; in fig. 4 - basic electrical layout of the stand; Fig. 5 shows the running-in mode carried out at the stand.

The stand contains a frame 1 (figure 1), on. which is installed an engine 2, connected by intermediate in ale 3, with a load device 4, made in the form of a flywheel 5 with pastes, placed in the casing of the fan 6. The fan 6 contains an inlet 7, the intake part of which is located above the engine 2 and an outlet 8. A flywheel 5 by a clutch 9 is coupled to an electric motor 10.

The bench also contains a rotational speed control unit with a rotational speed sensor that allows maintaining the rotational speed within the limits set by its settings (the control unit and sensors are not shown).

In addition, the stand contains a unit 1 controlling the movement of an organ as a fuel donor connected 12 to the market 13 of the fuel supplying organ 14 of the engine 2, which is a standard carburetor 15 (Fig.2 whose lever 13 is connected to the throttle 16. Under the carburetor 15, a fuel shutoff device is installed, made in the form of a housing 17 having an additional channel 18, in which a valve 19 is installed, connected to one side with a throttle valve 21 of the carburetor 15, and the other side with the core 22 of the electromagnet 23 with obm mended 24. At the electromagnet housing 23 is mounted a mechanical counter 2b cycles lever 26 which is coupled (22 Sinapismuses nektromag- nitg 25. lid i h i f chakroplena spring 20 /. 11 lok and yup audio displacement

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The fuel supply organ is made in the form of a reducer 28 (Fig. 3), the input shaft 29 of which is connected through an intermediate pair of gears 30 with an electric motor 31. On the output shaft 32 of the reducer 28 an electrical coupling 33 is freely mounted with a winding 34, on the case of which ha 12, the return spring 35 and the stop 36. A limit switch 37- is fixed on the gearbox housing 28, which, together with the stop 36, provides the possibility of angular movement of the housing of the electromagnetic clutch 33 by the value V.

The stand's electrical circuit is made in a single-wire circuit and includes a toggle switch 38 (FIG. 4) to which the coil 34 of the electromagnetic clutch 33 is connected in series, the contacts 39 of the Start button 40 and the motor 31. The normally closed contacts 41 of the relay 42 are also connected to the toggle switch 38, which are associated with a speed control unit. The normally open contacts 43 of the relay 42 are connected directly to the power source. The contacts 43 are connected to the winding of the additional relay 44 of the Start button, and through the limit switch 37 to the winding 24 of the electromagnet 23. The relay 42 operates according to a signal from the speed control unit, providing alternate switching on of the contacts 41 (when

coasting) and 43 (during acceleration).

i,

The stand works as follows.

On frame 1 (Fig. 1), an engine 2 is mounted, which is connected to the load device 4 by the intermediate shaft 3. Coupling 9 and electric motor 10 are turned on by rotating the shaft of engine 2, i.e. cold run-in. At the same time, the fan 6, the rotor of which is made in the form of a flywheel 5 with blades, provides through the inlet pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 8 air exchange in the transfer station. After the cold run-in, the engine 2 is started and running at idle, switching off the clutch 9 and the electric motor 10. The run-in at idle starts at the initial frequency greater than the rotation speed during the cold run-in and runs -1 in the following way. Included in

the action is a frequency control unit and a unit 11 for moving the body of fuel supply. Turning on the toggle switch 38 (FIG. 4) energizes the winding 34 of the electromagnetic clutch 33, the latter connecting 12 and connected to the fuel supply body 14 with the output shaft 32 of the gearbox 28. Thereafter, the Start button 40 is pressed, the contacts 39 are pressed , while (since the rotational speed of the motor 2 is less than the specified upper limit of the installation of the speed control unit), the coil of the relay 42 is energized, which closes the contacts 43, through which the power is supplied to the winding 24 of the electromagnet 23 and the additional winding barely 44, which holds in the closed state, the contacts 39 40 Start button. Through the closed contacts 39, the power is supplied to the electric motor 31 (FIG. 3 and FIG. 4), which, through the intermediate parzt of gears 30, begin to rotate the input shaft 29 of the gearbox 28, driving the output shaft 32 with the electromagnetically coupled coupling 33 into rotation, thus moving Through tgu 12, the lever 13 of the carburetor 15 and thereby altering the position of the 16 rus (Fig. 2). At the same time, the running engine 2 begins to smoothly increase the rotational speed, as the speed of movement of the dross 16 is quite small. The idle run-in (Fig. 5,) is carried out with a gradual increase in the rotational speed. When the engine 2 reaches the rotational speed of the upper limit of the setting set by the speed control unit, the signal of the latter turns off the power supply of the relay 42 (Fig. 4), contacts 43 open and contacts 41 close. This removes power from the additional 44 and opens buttons 39 40 is started, after which the motor 31 is powered only through the contacts 41, and since they are in the closed state, the motor 31 continues to rotate. At the same time, the power is also turned off from the winding 24 of the electromagnet 23 (FIG. 2), as a result of which the spring 27 opens the valve 19 and closes the air valve 21 of the carburetor 15. through this 20

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the air flow through the carburetor main metering system 15 is blocked, with the result that, instead of the fuel mixture, engine 2 enters air through channel 18 of housing 17. The frequency of rotation of the engine 2 begins to decrease and decreases to the value of the lower limit set by the installation of the speed control unit, after which the signal of the latter is energized on the relay 42, the result of which is opening the contacts 41, the electric motor 31 turns off, the throttles 16 stop moving, close contacts 43 and the winding 24 of the electromagnet 23 is turned on. At the same time, the valve 19 closes the additional channel 18 of the housing 17. devices for shutting off the fuel supply and opens the air valve 21 of the carburetor 15, ultate which moves in the Tel 2 begins to receive the fuel mixture and the engine speed starts to increase. When the core 22 of the electromagnet 23 is pulled in, the protrusion of the latter moves the lever 26 of the counter for 25 cycles, which performs the counting of acceleration cycles — coasting for each running engine over the entire time of running-in. The frequency of rotation of the engine 2 is increased to the value of the upper limit set by the installation of the speed control unit, after which the process repeats: turns off the power supply of the relay 42, contacts 43 are opened, the fuel supply is turned off, contacts 41 are turned on to turn on the electric motor 31, which moves the throttle 16 into the run-out time, then the rotational speed begins to decrease, and so on. In this way, the rotational speed control is carried out during a hot run-in with dynamic loading. The engine 2 is loaded due to ventilation losses (static part of the load) and due to inertial masses of the flywheel 5 during periodic acceleration and coasting (dynamic part of the load). In this case, the more open the throttle 16, the more intense the acceleration, the greater the magnitude of the dynamic load torque on the motor shaft, proportional to the magnitude of the angular acceleration 0

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It is known that just collected. engines, especially those that have been overhauled, have a significant variation in the magnitude of the mechanical loss moment, which characterizes the quality in the manufacture and repair of engine parts and assembly. It is also known that the magnitude of the moment of mechanical loss is constantly decreasing and at the end of the break-in stabilizes, the rate of its decrease and the lower limit also have a considerable scatter. Therefore (to obtain a guaranteed lower limit on the amount of mechanical loss of the engine after running-in), engines that have a greater moment of mechanical loss at the beginning of the running-in need to burn in more time and vice versa. The proposed stand design allows the automatic change of the total burn-in time depending on the magnitude of the moment of mechanical loss of each particular engine. The total hot run-in time consists of the sum of the time of unit acceleration and the sum of the time of single runouts. Suppose that during the time of running-in, K acceleration will be performed - 1 run, then the run-in time will be

equally:

1 to l.

6 IL dtp. + Tl t. . (about

.: / 1 -I

Since the electric motor 31 moves the throttle 16 to the full value Y at a constant speed, it is obvious that regardless of the moment of mechanical loss of each particular engine, the total run-out time for all will be the same and equal

Bh 2

where C is constant, proportional to gear ratio of gearbox 28.

From and (2) it follows that the number of cycles for the tight and normal engines will be equal and inversely proportional to the value of D t:

 . . QM К С utg С IdIf У

np

(3)

and

Thus, equation (1) will be

have a look

GL (DB + 1}. (4)

CTatj

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Now it is possible to estimate how much and G will change the hot break-in time when the moment of mechanical losses on the AI changes. Find the total run-in time for normal and tight engines using equation (4) and determine their difference and T, and after transformations we get

-7- WDM Mi

about -

with TmG-Shch G-yTTzh th 1 1)

(five)

Thus, the proposed stand design allows automatic change of the running-in time as the moment of mechanical stress changes. At the same time, the estimation of the moment of mechanical losses and its change is made over the entire run-in and in the frequency range from d to 0, and not at individual points in the mode, which allows you to constantly adjust the rate of load growth and the total time of running-in.

When the machine is in operation, the motor 31 moves the throttle 16 until the stop 36 opens the contacts of the limit switch 37. When the electromagnet 23 is de-energized, the valve 19 opens the additional channel 18, as a result of which air enters the engine 2 and it stops. When the rotational speed passes through the lower limit of the control unit setting, the frequency of rotation of the contacts 43 is closed, but the rotational speed will continue to decrease to zero. In this case, the contacts 41 are opened, as a result of which the electric motor 31 stops moving the throttle 16 and the control unit for displacing the fuel supply body is turned off. Thus, the stand automatically stops when the run-in mode is performed. For running-in of another engine, the stand is reset to the starting position, for which the toggle switch 38 is disconnected, the coil 34 of the electromagnetic clutch 33 is de-energized, as a result of which it is disconnected from the output shaft 32 of the gearbox 28, and the return spring 35 rotates the clutch 33 side, while the throttle 16 of the carburetor 15 is in its original position, at the same time closure, the contacts of the limit switch 37 are knocked up. The stand is prepared for a new operating cycle.

Using the counter readings of 25 cycles, it is possible to estimate the amount of mechanical loss of each engine, i.e. one can guarantee its effective performance in operation, since, all other things being equal (adjustments of the fuel equipment and the ignition installation), the latter depend only on mechanical losses, since. It should be noted that, in the proposed stand construction, errors in tuning the fuel equipment and ignition devices (which is often found in the practice of repairing production and leads to errors during control tests) do not affect the evaluation of the effective performance of the engine, since the number of cycles loading depends solely on the magnitude of the mechanical losses. Thus, the proposed stand allows to determine the value of the effective performance of each engine, without resorting to this for special control tests, respectively, further reducing the time of this operation and fuel consumption.

Using the proposed stand reduces the engine burn-in time due to the stepless growth of variable load, adaptive mode control, taking into account the technical condition of each specific engine and eliminating control tests, reduces fuel consumption by turning off its run-on and excluding transients in the fuel equipment when moving the throttles during acceleration. In addition, the proposed stand is much simpler than the prototype in construction, since it does not have complicated units for controlling the angle of rotation, switch, program device, although it does not effectively solve the problem of j4y adaptive control of running-in. Coy ICE. Introduction to the stand of the fan, working only in conjunction with the engine provides normal

 working conditions at the rolling station without additional costs for electric energy. In addition, the proposed stand design allows you to fully automate the running-in mode, while improving the quality of engine repair and eliminate the need for operator’s shorter presence, thereby freeing production personnel.

Claims (1)

: Invention Formula five 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 A stand for adaptive running-in of a carburetor internal combustion engine, comprising a frame, a control unit for displacing the fuel supply organ, a frequency control unit, a rotational speed sensor and a load device made in the form of a flywheel, with the loading device fixed on the frame where the running engine is installed, the fuel delivery organ which is connected to the control unit of the movement of the fuel supply body, and the rotational speed sensor is connected to the frequency control unit, characterized in that By shortening the run-in time and reducing fuel consumption, it additionally contains a fuel supply shut-off device made in the form of a housing with a channel, a damper, an electromagnet, a relay with normally open and normally closed contacts and a cycle counter, the damper being installed in the housing channel and connected to the air the carburetor gate and with an electromagnet connected to a normally open relay contact; the control unit for moving the fuel supply body is made in the form of a reducer, an electric motor, an electric magnetic coupling and cable, the input shaft of the gearbox is connected to an electric motor connected to normally open relay contacts, and the output shaft is connected to an electromagnetic coupling, to the case of which a cable is connected to the fuel delivery body. 1539570 P W 1) KJ9t / 4f   kospolnit masturbation no frequency kin immersion fng g g Compiled by N.Patrahaltsev Tehred M. Khodanich Korrokyur O. Kravtsova Editor A.Revin Order 210 Circulation 436 Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk emb., 4 / S  other p (ira5o1chka with dynamite.