SU1496660A1 - Method of cultivating irrtgated winter wheat - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agriculture. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of fertilizers and yield. Fertilizers are applied with irrigation water with differentiated doses depending on the nutrient consumption in a specific phase of growth and development of winter wheat: in the tillering phase - 19-21% of nitrogen from the total rate of nitrogen fertilizers

24-26% of phosphorus and 25-27% of potassium, 11-45% of nitrogen, 44-48% of phosphorus and 51-57% of potassium in the tubing phase, and 21-23% of nitrogen, 28-31, in the heading and grain formation phases % of phosphorus and 19-21% of potassium, and in the phase of milky ripeness only nitrogen is introduced in the amount of 14-16% of the total fertilizer rate. The invention saves fertilizer and increases yield. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in irrigated agriculture for the rapid provision of agricultural crops, in the example of winter wheat, with mineral water elements with irrigation water.

The aim of the invention is to increase the yield and efficiency of fertilizers.

Figure 1 shows the experimentally obtained dependences of the values of consumption of mineral nutrients (nitrogen — N, phosphorus — 0, potassium — K-0) by irrigated winter wheat on the growth and development phases; Fig. 2 shows a combined schedule of irrigations and the introduction of mineral elements in crops.

winter wheat in phases of its growth and development for the conditions of the central left-bank microzone of Saratov Zavolzh.

The plot is based on the recommended irrigation regime, the calculated rate of fertilizer yield is 50 q / ha (N, 5oP «oK5o), the established patterns of nutrient consumption in the growth phases and the development of winter wheat.

As a result, an autumn irrigation tank and one vegetative irrigation occur at the tillering stage; one vegetative watering will be given to the booting phase and consumption of 5 to the kolo4i QD phases will be provided

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sheni and grain formation - two irrigations and N, Milky ripeness phase - one irrigation and Nj,

The method of supplying irrigated wheat to winter wheat with mineral nutrition elements is implemented in the following way.

On the basis of meteorological data, the timing of the passage of winter wheat pheno phases and the irrigation schedule are calculated. The total dose of soluble fertilizer for the planned yield is distributed in accordance with the optimal nutrient intake by phenophases (Fig, 1) and by the number of intended irrigations. As the meteorological data is actually refined and the time it takes for the phenophases to pass, the combined technological schedule for the application of soluble fertilizers and irrigations (Fig. 2) should be refined.

If it is not advisable to irrigate due to weather conditions to ensure a given programmed yield of winter wheat, special fertilizer irrigation should be carried out with the minimum possible rate for a particular type of sprinkler. For example, for a sprinkler

the frigate is 175 m / ha, for the Kuban sprinkler it is 6.0.

The proposed method of providing irrigated winter wheat with elements

mineral nutrition can increase fertilizer yield by 15–20%, which provides an increase in yield by 2-3 centners per hectare compared with the method of mineral fertilizer application during the whole vegetation period.

Fertilizer losses are also reduced by 15–20%, which contributes to the improvement of environmental protection,

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of cultivation of irrigated winter wheat, including the calculation of the rate of fertilizers for the planned yield and their discrete introduction during the growing season, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield and efficiency of fertilizers, they are applied with irrigation water in differentiated doses depending on the consumption of nutrients in specific growth phase .and the development of winter wheat: in the tillering phase - 19-21% of nitrogen from the total rate of nitrogen fertilizers, 24-26% of phosphorus and 25-27% of potassium, in the phase of booting - 41-45% of nitrogen, 44-48% phosphorus and 51-57% potassium, in-phase kolosen and the formation of the grains is 21–23% nitrogen, 28–31% phosphorus and 19–21% potassium, and only 14–16% nitrogen from the total fertilizer rate is added to the milk ripeness phase. m Compiled by T. Semenova Editor T. Lazorenko Tehred A. Kravchuk Proofreader M. Sharoshi Order 4345/1 Circulation 621 VNShPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab. FIG. 2 Subscription