SU1487838A1 - Apparatus for cleaning root crops from impurities - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for cleaning root crops from impurities. The purpose of the invention is to ensure the versatility of the use of the device with the intensification of its separating ability and increased reliability according to the invention. The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for cleaning root crops from impurities used in machines for harvesting and cleaning root vegetables.

The purpose of the invention is to ensure the universality of the use of the device with the intensification of the separation of its ability and increasing the reliability of cleaning root crops from impurities.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic of a device for cleaning root crops from impurities, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view.

A device for cleaning root crops from impurities contains a welded frame 1, at the top of which, on an inclined beam 2, are mounted komkorodruzhayuschie rubber-coated finger rollers 3, the axis 4 of which is fixed podvzhno in bearings 5 crackers 6. The latter are installed in

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ke root crops from impurities. A device for cleaning root crops from impurities contains parallel shafts installed in three tiers. In the upper tier, rollers 3 with a finger-type working surface are freely placed and spring-loaded in the vertical direction. The middle tier is made up of shafts 11 with an elliptical shape 12 paylers, and the lower tier is made of shafts carrying pilers 19, made in the form of discs, on which teeth are formed by means of straight grooves. The shafts with paylers 12 and 19 are mounted on frame 1 by means of mechanisms for regulating their gaps both within the tier and between these tiers. In operation, the rollers 3, together with the pullers 12 and 19, act on clumps of soil, destroy them and separate the soil through the gaps “between these elements. 2 Il.

the guides 7 of the beam 2 and connected to the spring 8. In the groove 9 of the beam 10, the shafts 11 are installed with a set of elliptical pullers 12 that form the middle tier of the cleaner. Powelers 12 are made by casting in molds of wear-resistant monolithic rubber. The end parts of the shafts 11 are fixed in self-aligning bearings. Bearing housing 13 is fixed in the groove 9 of the beam 10 with screws 14. On one of the end part of the shaft 11, which enters through the bearing housing 13, an asterisk 15. is fixed. with a set of 19 filer that form the bottom tier of the cleaner. The lower pilers 19 have a disc shape. The tooth profile is deep, straight and made by means of straight grooves on the payler disk 19.

Memory "„ 1487838

1487838

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All shafts 11 rotary cleaner drive. The drive consists of a drive sprocket 20, driven sprockets 21, tension sprocket 22 and roller chains 23-26. In addition, the extreme shaft 11 of each tier serves as a tensioner of the chains 25 and 26. Paylera 12 and 19 are installed on the shaft 11 with a certain pitch through the sleeve 27.

The device works as follows.

The heap enters the device and when the ellipse upper pilers 12 interact, the soil is actively separated due to the constantly changing gap in time between the paylers 12 due to the ellipse rotating form with the effect of throwing of root crops. When tossing root crops, soil comes around them with finger rollers 3. At the moment of opening the maximum gap between the rotating ellipse paylers 12, the roots get in contact simultaneously with the lower rotating paylers 19. The interaction of the lower pilers 19 increases the cleaning efficiency from the soil and plant residues from root crops, as well as from the shafts 11 and upper pilers 12. The shape of the pilers 19 is experimentally chosen so that, if possible, they are blocked by loamy and moist soil. When hit in a pile of soil lumps they are. destroyed by finger rollers 3.

In order to intensify the destruction of soil lumps, the rollers 3 are mounted with respect to the working surface of the rotor cleaner with a decreasing clearance along its length. When this lumps are destroyed under the action of the force of the spring 8 and the interaction of the elliptical pullers 12 sequentially depending on the dimensions of the soil lump. The comrade rollers 3 have the opportunity to freely rotate upon contact with any element of the pile. In the case when the force exerted by the impact of the lump during its passage is greater than the stiffness of the spring 8, the rollers 3 move vertically upward of the guides 7 of the beam 2. The spring 8 is chosen for stiffness from the condition of destruction of the optimum hardness of the soil lump.

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In the proposed cleaner design, universal adjustment of the device operating parameters between paylers 12 and 19 is applied both in and between the tiers themselves, by moving the shafts 11 in the slots 9 of the beams 10 and 16, as well as the vertical movement of the entire beam 16 'with respect to the beam 10 and subsequent fixing with screws 14 and 17. At the same time, the sprockets 15 inside each tier, when moving the shafts 11, again engage with the corresponding chains 25 and 26. When the beam 16 moves, the length of the chain 23 is adjusted by the tensioning sprocket 22, which makes it possible hostname universal rotary wiper root crops from impurities on all soils and cleaning of various types of root crops.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for cleaning root crops from impurities, containing a frame carrying cleaning sections arranged in two tiers, made in the form of parallel shafts installed with gaps relative to each other and carrying sets of pilers that are in the form of a toothed disk, characterized in that in order to ensure the universality of the use of the device with the intensification of its separating ability and increasing the reliability of cleaning root crops from impurities, it is provided with an additional upper tier freely rotating rollers with a finger-type working surface, which are mounted on the frame freely and spring-loaded relative to it in the vertical direction, as well as with a gap decreasing in the direction of the mass being cleaned relative to the middle tier, while the latter are made in the form of an ellipse, and the teeth of the lower-tier pilers are by making straight grooves on their disks, with shafts with paylers attached to the frame by means of mechanisms for regulating the gaps between the shafts in each tier, as well as between the shafts s of the lower tier relative to the average shafts. 1487838 FIG L Sl 'l