SU1459677A1 - Arrangement for training and monitoring fencing actions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to sports simulators and can be used for training speed indicators of a fencer in conditions of complex fencing movements. The invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency of training and the accuracy of monitoring the parameters of complex fencing movements. The device contains a software block 1, the inputs of which are connected to the contact sensor 2 of the rapier and target, a seismic sensor 3 mounted on the rapier, and a bio-sensor 4, such as a sensor of muscle biopotentials mounted on the body of the student. The outputs of the software unit 1 are connected to the inputs of the response time measurement unit 6 and the light alarm unit 5. In addition, the device contains a time relay 8, connected, as well as program block 1, to the output of the start block 7. Moreover, the outputs of the time relay 8 are connected to the input of the audible signaling unit 9 and the auxiliary input of the program unit 1. The device allows to measure various components of the response time with the possibility of changing both the program of the fencer’s actions and the measurement program. 2 Il. (Oh cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of sports simulators and can be used to train fencers.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of training and increase the accuracy of control parameters of complex fencing movements.

In FIG. I shows a block diagram of a device; in FIG. 2 - an embodiment of a functional diagram of a device.

The device (Fig. 1) contains a program unit 1, to the inputs of which a contact sensor 2, a seismic sensor 3 and a biosensor 4 are connected. Contact sensor 2 is made in the form of a circular target made of conductive rubber, mounted on a special shield, two rapiers mounted on the same shield with hinges, and also contains rapier fencer. Seismic sensor 3 is reinforced at the base of the swordsman's rapier blade. The biosensor 4 is mounted on the body, for example on the hand of a fencer, and is a biopotential amplifier with electrodes that provide the removal of electromyograms.

Contact sensor 2, seismic sensor 3 and biosensor 4 contain pulse shapers at the outputs, which are triggered by the appearance of a signal at the outputs of the sensors that exceeds the threshold of the shapers.

The outputs of the program unit 1 are connected to the inputs of the light signaling unit 5 and the reaction time measuring unit 6. The light-signaling unit 5 contains non-inertia red lamps mounted in rapier guards and intended for giving commands simulating an attack in a particular sector of the target. In addition, the light-signaling unit 5 contains a green lamp mounted above the target and designed to give commands to the fencer at the beginning of the action, as well as two control lamps for the biosensor and seismic sensor signals installed on the control panel (or front panel) of the device, which is a structural element .

Block 6 measuring the reaction time contains five electronic chronometers, which, depending on the selected program, can measure various time components of fencing actions, including the latent reaction time by the biosensor signal and the start time of the movement by the signal of the seismic sensor.

The device comprises a start block 7, made on the button connected to the pulse shaper and installed on the control panel. The output of the start block 7 is connected to the control input of the program unit 1 and the input of the time relay 8, the output of which is connected to the input of the sound signaling unit 9, and the other output is connected to the additional control input of the program unit 1.

The time relay 8 contains an output switch and allows you to set the execution time of the fencing program and the time delay of the appearance of commands to the subject in the form of light signals. At the same time, the sound alarm unit 9 provides a two-signal signal when the fencer exceeds the specified program execution time.

The program unit 1 contains at the input of the block 10 switching programs, made on the switches installed on the control panel. The switches carry out the function of a set of fencing program, setting the operating mode of the unit and selecting the measured time parameters.

The outputs of the block 10 of the program switching are connected to the inputs of the block 11 of the triggers, which contains eight RS-flip-flops with OR elements at the inputs, allowing you to combine the control signals supplied to each trigger on different circuits.

The trigger unit 11 performs the allocation of the measured time intervals, controls the operation of the light signaling unit 5 and the reaction time measuring unit 6 in accordance with the program specified by the program switching unit 10.

Part of the outputs of the trigger block 11 is connected to the inputs of the block 12 of the reaction time meters, the outputs of which are connected via keys to the electronic chronometers of the reaction time measurement unit 6.

Block 12 for measuring response time meters is based on transistor switches, the load of which is relay elements with self-locking, and serves to exclude the possibility of repeated triggering of electronic chronometers from false sensor signals, for example, repeated contact closures inadequate to the movement of muscle tension at the end of fencing and so on .P.

The trigger unit 11 is also equipped with an installation input in the initial state of the triggers connected to the output of the reset unit 13, which can be a push-button switch mounted on the control panel. In the latter, using the switches of the program switching unit 10, you can dial fifteen different programs simulating various situations of a fencing match.

Moreover, the device allows recording latent reaction time, latent action time, motor action time (by bioelectrical activity), total time of action, time of defense and counterattack, accuracy of injection and differentiation of response during protection.

The measurement is carried out by simultaneously starting the electronic chronometers of the reaction time measuring unit 6 after applying the light signal and stopping the corresponding electronic chronometers when receiving signals from the sensors according to the selected program.

The operation of the device should be illustrated by the example of one of the programs. The first program is dialed by setting the switches 14–27 of the unit to the closed position in accordance with the functional electrical diagram (Fig. 2), which corresponds to the upper position of these toggle switches, and the rest of the switches are in the lower position.

By pressing the “Start” button 28 of block 7, the first green lamp 29 of block 5 lights up, giving the fencer a visual (light) signal to start fencing. On the functional diagram (Fig. 2), the following chain of elements is triggered: the “Start” button 28, relay 30, normally open relay contact 31, electronic key 32, lamp 29 green ..

Simultaneously with the visual signal being sent to the fencer, the control unit receives pulse signals from the start block 7 to the input of block 11 of the program block 1 triggers. As a result, the corresponding triggers of block 11 are triggered, which, with their pulse signals, trigger the corresponding electronic chronometers of the reaction time measurement block 6, which begin to count down . The following chain of elements is activated on the functional diagram (Fig. 2): relay contact 31, electronic key 33, differentiating circuits 34–36, closed switches 14 and 15, left inputs of triggers 37–39, from left outputs of triggers to electronic keys 40–42 normally closed contacts 43–45, relays 46–48 of block 12 of the interlock, control inputs of electronic chronometers 49–51.

When the fencer perceives a visual signal to the beginning of the action, the bioelectrical activity (BA) of the muscles of his armed hand increases, which is recorded by the biosensor. In this case, when the BA exceeds the specified “rest” threshold (approximately 50 μV), the signal from the biosensor 4 enters through the switch 16 of the switching unit 10 to the trigger unit 11 (to the right input of the trigger 37) and resets it to its original state. As a result, the electronic chronometer 49 of block 6 stops, fixing the latent time in BA. In addition, from block 11 of the triggers, from the right output of trigger 37, a signal is sent to block 12 (to the input of electronic key 52), which turns on relay 46, and its normally closed contact 43 opens, disconnecting the input of electronic key 40 from the outputs of block 11, thus blocking the false start of the electronic chronometer 49. In this case, the normally open contact 53 of the relay 46 closes to the self-holding of the relay 46.

At the moment of the beginning of the movement of the weapon (the beginning of the motor phase), the seismic sensor 3 is triggered, its pulse is generated and, when the specified threshold is exceeded (in amplitude), it enters through the program switching unit 10 to the trigger unit 11 and throws the corresponding trigger to its original state. As a result, the electronic chronometer 49 of block 6 stops, fixing the latent action time, and the blocking block 12 disconnects the input of this chronometer from the output of block And, excluding the repeated (false) start of the chronometer.

In the functional diagram, this measurement phase is implemented through the following circuit of elements: the output of the seismic sensor 54, the input of the transistor seismic signal amplifier 55, the threshold element 56, differential circuit 57, switch 24, trigger input 58 and its output, switch 25, differential circuit 59, switch 17, right input of trigger 38, left output of trigger 38, input of electronic key 41, output of electronic key 41, input of electronic chronometer 50, right output of trigger 38, electronic key 60, relay 47.

Then, at the moment of the injection of a weapon into the conductive target, the contact sensor 2 is activated, the contact pair of the “rapier 61 of the test subject is the conductive target 62” (cr. M.).

As a result of this, three control pulses are generated simultaneously, one of them arrives at the input of the corresponding trigger 39 of block 11, transferring it to its original state, as a result of which the corresponding electronic chronometer of block 6 stops, fixing the attack time (time interval from the moment the signal is sent to action until injection into the target). The circuit operates on the functional diagram: contact sensor 2, electronic key 63, differential chain 64, switch 18, right trigger input 39, electronic key 42, contact 45, electronic chronometer input 51.

The second control pulse from the contact sensor 2 through block 10 is supplied to another trigger of block 11, which controls the light signaling block 5. At the same time, a red lamp (not shown) on the right or left rapier of stand 65 lights up (depending on the program dialed), giving a signal command to take fencer 1454577 with appropriate protection (beating or capturing the fencer's rapier with the right or left rapier of the opponent, on which a light signal appeared). The following circuit operates on the functional diagram: contact sensor 2, electronic key 63, differential circuit 66, switches 19 and 23, trigger input 67, left trigger output 67, re _; key switch 20, electronic key 68 or (electronic key 69, lamp 70 (left) or lamp 71 (right) mounted on the guard (stand foil 65.

The third pulse from the contact sensor 2 (enters through block 10 to the corresponding trigger of block 11, which is transferred and starts the electronic chronometer 72 of block 6, which starts the countdown of the adoption of the protection by the fencer.

On the functional diagram, this measurement phase is implemented by a chain of elements: contact sensor 2, electronic key 63, differential circuit 73, switch 21 upper, left trigger input 74, left trigger output 74, electronic key input 75, control input of the chronometer 72. At the moment of touching the subject to the left or right rapier of the stand of the contact sensor 2, on which the red lamp lights up, the contact sensor 2 is activated: "rapier 61 of the test — rapier of stand 65" (cr.). As a result of this, three pulses are simultaneously formed. One of them throws the corresponding trigger of block And, which with its pulse stops the electronic chronometer 72 of block 6, which will record the time of adoption of protection: time from. the moment the light signal appears on the rapier (left or right) of the stand until the moment the test rapier touches the rapier of the stand (left or right).

The circuit operates on the functional diagram: contact sensor 2 (red), electronic key input 76 or 77, switches 78 or 79, differential 80, switch 22, right trigger input 74, left trigger output 74, electronic key input 75, contact 81, the electronic key input of the chronometer 72.

The second pulse arrives at another trigger of block 11, which, having thrown over, turns off the red lamp on the rapier of the contact sensor 2 stand (left or right). On the functional diagram, the circuit: contact sensor 2 (red), electronic key 76, switches 78 and 79, differential 82, switch 23, right trigger input 67, left trigger output 67, switch 20, lamp 70 or 71. Third pulse arrives at the corresponding trigger of block 11 and throws it. At the same time, with his impulse, he starts the corresponding electronic chronometer of block 6, which begins the countdown of the time the fencer performs a counter-attack (or response). On the functional diagram: contact sensor 2 (red), key input 76, switches 78 or 79, differential 83, switch 26, left trigger input 84, left trigger output 84, electronic key input 85, electronic chronometer input 86.

Further, in accordance with the program, the fencer performs an answer (counterattack), i.e. inflicts a rapier shot at the target (cr. m.), as a result of which the contact sensor 2 of the block is triggered, the pulse from it passes through block 10 to block 11 and transfers the corresponding trigger to its initial state, the pulse from which stops the corresponding chronometer, which will record execution time of a fencer counterattack.

On the functional diagram, this measurement phase is implemented by the following chain of elements: contact sensor 2 (ed.), Electronic key input 63, electronic key output 63, differential chain 87, switch 88, right trigger input 84, left trigger output 84, electronic key input 85, contact 89, input of the electronic chronometer 86 This completes this research program.

As can be seen, in this case, the following parameters were measured: latent response time according to BA, latent action time, time to complete the attack, time to take the defense, time to complete the response to the attack (time to complete the counterattack).

To conduct subsequent measurement cycles in order to bring the device to its original operating state, press the reset button 90 of the reset unit 13. In this case, all units of the device are restored to their original operating state.

Depending on the program dialed by the researcher using the program switching unit 10, simulating one or another fencing “phase” or motor action, the sequence (sequence) of triggering of the triggers of unit 11, sensors, light signaling unit 5, and other units changes accordingly.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for training and control of fencing actions, containing a program block, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of a contact sensor containing rapier and target contacts, the control input of the program block is connected to the output of the start block, the first outputs of the program block are connected to the inputs of the light signaling unit, and the second outputs connected to the inputs of the reaction time measurement unit, characterized in that, p. In order to increase the efficiency of training and improve the accuracy of controlling the parameters of complex fencing movements, the program block contains at the input a program switching unit, the additional inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the seismic sensor mounted on the rapier and the biosensor mounted on the training body, which is a biopotential amplifier with electrodes, the outputs of the program switching unit are connected to the inputs of the trigger unit, the input of the installation in the initial state of which is connected to the output of the block and the reset, the control input of the trigger block forms the control input of the program block, the first outputs of the trigger block form the first outputs of the program block, and the second outputs of the trigger block of 5 gers are connected to the inputs of the block of response time meters, the outputs of which form the second outputs of the program block, the output of the block the start is also connected to the input of the time relay equipped with an output switch, the first output of the time relay is connected to an additional input of the trigger block, and the second output is connected to the input of the buzzer tion, while the reaction time measurement unit is made in the form of five electronic chronometers. Fig. G