SU1458570A1 - Cutting unit for breaking solid objects - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to mining, and b. used in the breaking of blocks of natural stone from the array along the line of holes. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of destruction due to cutting of gaps in the depth of a monolithic object during the reverse working stroke of the expansion wedge (RK). On the sloping longitudinal surfaces of the RK 1, spacer cheeks are diametrically opposed in pairs. In the longitudinal slots x 5 of the RC 1, slotted elements (E) 4, having a carbide insert 6 with a cutting edge, are diametrically opposed between the necks. The E 4 is made with a hole and planted on the axis 8, which is connected to the RK 1 with the possibility of limited rotation in the plane of their location from a position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of RK 1, towards the pointed end of RK 1 and back. The springs 10 abut E 4 in the direction of their rotation and the bar 11. Through the aperture of the latter passes a ha 12 to E 4 along the RK I for forcing E 4 from the drive. When the PK 1 moves upward in the hole E 4, which is pushed by the spring 10, they penetrate the hole walls, abut the lower edges of the slot 5 of the PK 1 and rotate around the axis 8, cutting the diametrically opposite slots. This contributes to the correct initiation of the crack and the breaking of the stone along the intended plane. 2 h. the item of f-ly, 4 ill. i (L

Description

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FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to mining a. to devices for the directional destruction of rocks, and can be used in the breaking of blocks of natural stone from the array along the line of holes.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of destruction due to cutting of the neck in the depth of a monolithic object during the reverse working stroke of the expansion wedge.

FIG. 1 and 2 shows the working tool placed in the hole, side views in two mutually perpendicular directions x- in FIG. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. I- in FIG. 4 is a section BB in FIG. 2

The working body consists of a “reverse I with an opposite bevel to the rod of the jHoro wedge 1, connected with the drive 2 of the movable rods 3 attached to the rod IB of the drive case 2. Alkaline elements 4 are installed in longitudinal slots x 5 : made from diametrically opposite sides of the non-working surface of the wedge I, and have a carbide insert 6 with a cutting edge 7. The tool holders have a yut hole and are planted on the axis 8 between the wedges 9, which can be rotated around the axis 8. The springs 10 expand the elements 4 in the direction x rotation and the bar 11, which extends through the aperture the metal strand (t n) 12 to the element 4 along the wedge for forced rotation elements 4.

The ends of the thread 12 are looped out through the Holes 13 of the drive housing 2 (in FIG. 1 () it is shown simplified). On the working edges of the wedge 1 and cheeks 3 there are parallel sections 14 and 15, creating a gap 16 in the use- (suitable position.

The cheeks are set in pairs diametrically opposite to the beveled (working) longitudinal surfaces of the wedge.

The elements 4 are diametrically opposed between the cheeks in the slots x 5 with the possibility of limited rotation of the plane of their location from a position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spacer wedge, towards the pointed end of the wedge and back.

The working body works as follows.

A working tool is inserted into the drilled hole, oriented with the plane

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labeled split. In this case, the elements 4 are turned one to the other around the axis 8, overcoming the resistance of the springs 10. The drive 2 is turned on. And the wedge 1 starts to move upwards. The elements 4, bursting with the spring 10, are inserted into the walls of the bore-hole, then rest against the lower edges of the slot 5 of the wedge 1 and, turning around the axis 8 under the action of friction resistance forces, ensure the cutting of the gaps 17 onto the walls of the hole. When the gap 16 is selected and the working faces of the parallel sections 14 and 15 come into contact, loading of the wall of the hole with the spreading force Pp starts while cutting the gaps 17. Thanks to the cut diametrically opposite slits 17, the resistance of the rock to splitting and, as a result, the process energy intensity is significantly reduced. The creation of directional artificial weaknesses (cracks) in the depth of the hole before the application of the spacer load contributes to the correct initiation of a crack and the breaking of the stone along the intended plane.

Claims (3)

1. A working member for destruction of monolithic objects, including a spacer wedge, sliding cheeks installed diametrically opposite in pairs on sloping longitudinal surfaces of the spacer wedge, slotted elements installed diametrically opposed to the sliding cheeks and associated with the spacer wedge, characterized in that in order to increase the efficiency of destruction due to the cutting of gaps in the depth of the monolithic object during the reverse working stroke of the expansion wedge, longitudinal cuts are made in the expansion wedge l installation schelereznyh elements cutters mounted in slots for limited rotation in the plane of their arrangement 0 position, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the expansion wedge, towards the pointed end of the expansion wedge and back. 2. A working member according to claim 1, characterized in that the slotted elements are spring-loaded in the direction of their rotation. 3. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with means of forced rotation of the slotted elements. cftuat , 2 / 3 cf3u.2 j / luHUSi  split.