SU1454276A1 - Method of preparing temporary water-logged soil for planting trees in ridges - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to rural and forestry, to methods of preparing temporarily over-wetted soil for planting tree crops in the ridges. The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the development of plants by optimizing the physical state of the soil in the ridge. It has been proposed that trees be planted into ridges formed on sodded areas, and, if necessary, the turf is created by sowing perennial grasses. The ridges are formed by extracting and turning the sodden layer onto the sodden soil surface with the formation of a groove near the ridge at the site of the extracted layer, the sodified soil being previously loosened to a depth less than the THICKNESS of the layer being wrapped. 4 IL., 3 tab. S (l

Description

Faye.

The invention relates to agriculture and forestry, in particular to techniques for preplant soil preparation.

The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the development of plants by optimizing the physical state of the soil in the ridge.

FIG. 1 shows a section of a soil undergrowth, loosened by stripes with the application of mineral fertilizers; in fig. 2 - the same, after cutting water-regulating furrows with simultaneous folding: by removing layers taken out of the furrows and formation of casing tracts (ridge) from a double fertile layer; in fig. 3 - the same, after the sowing of the sulphurous bands and the mulching of the surface of the loosened flesh and the bottom of the furrow with vegetative remnants of grass, mowed between the fields; in fig. 4 - the same, after planting tree crops in the ridges (ridge). ,

In the figures, the following terms are used: subjectively 2 field 1; lane 2; water regulating groove 3; landing piles 4; plant residues 5; Between 6 and.

It has been established that when planting tree cultures, in ridges formed from sodden soil, due to its high density, the plants develop under unfavorable conditions. Bad conditions. The development of plants planted in the ridges is also observed in the opposite case, if they form a ridge of loose soil, which, under the influence of weather conditions, quickly clumps and compresses. To optimize: and the physical condition of the soil in the ridge prepared for planting tree crops in it, it is recommended to form the ridge so that the central part of its body is formed of loosened soddenized soil, and the peripheral part of the compacted soil.

The method is carried out as follows:

at once.

The intended, us planting field is plowed in the usual way and sown with perennial grasses. For at least two years they have been using sodings under sodding using natural sodding with fertilizing with mineral fertilizers, mulching with mowed grass. Through the sodding area according to

the planting scheme is used to breakdown future ranks, in the direction of which a strip of 1.5–2 m superficially disperse mineral fertilizers using disc spreaders or tuka splits, and embed them into the soil with heavy harrows like BDST-2.5 or KSG cultivators 5 coupled with tractors T-54B, DT-75, T-74 to a depth of L2-20 cm depending on the genetic, soil type and climatic conditions. Gr of the GS-1.4 splitter with the PRVN-2.5 A plow with screw dumps is used to attack the ridge by rotating adjacent layers 180 opposite to each other with the formation of double humus-accumulative horizons, turnover is equal to double the width of the reservoir. Plowing is carried out at a depth of 7–15 cm deeper than the loosened strip. The surface of the belt is harvested with a disk harrow or frezbarabanom. At the same time, water-regulating grooves are formed on both sides of the overhanging ridge, the bottom of which is in a more compacted layer. The surface of the ridge and the bottom of the furrows mulch with cut grass between the rows.

The proposed method of preparatory soil preparation improves the chemical and water-physical properties of the planting zone by the fact that in the places of planting the pre-strip loosening of the sod with the introduction of the required dose of mineral and, if necessary, organic fertilizers and double layers (turf to the sod), plowed dyes, increasing the humus horizon and preserving the genetic structure of the soil profile. The plowing is carried out by 7–15 cm deeper than the strip of loosening, which makes it possible to carry out plowing with high quality, to eliminate excessive loosening by a more dense underlying mineral layer, which prevents the landing strip from rapidly overgrowing weeds. The method makes it possible to weaken the processes of the mineralization of organic matter and the overgrowing of the surface of the landing strip by weeds and to position the bottom of the furrow in more dense layers, protecting it from intensive erosion. Water regulating furrows affect the change in water and physicochemical properties of both the overlying and underlying soil layers as drainage and drainage during

excessive moisture, and in case of insufficient moisture, as an irrigation furrow, a container for filling with water, and, if necessary, mineral fertilizers. For this purpose, earth or specially made jumpers are poured at a certain distance and limit the capacity of the irrigation furrow. Drugs and water regulating furrows prevent the weather from direct impact (rain, wind, sun, etc.) by mulching with mowed grass between the rows, thus simplifying the search and application of mulch material, and repeated passage of the treatment and care technology for seedlings the sodding between the rows prevents the soil from further degradation, reduces erosion processes, the presence of furrows prevents soil compaction in areas adjacent to the formed grade, contributes to long-term plantings purposefully Spread the root system between the rows of the furrow. Mudding was carried out in spring and summer for the purpose of soil compaction and partial mineralization.

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The rotational speed is 0.8 m. The furrows are cut to a depth of 25 cm. Then the surface is loosened with a disc harrow. During the summer-fall of 1982, the sodding strips were re-milled, stubble was left and grass mulch was laid on the surface of the loosened ridge and the bottom of water-regulating furrows.

The results of changes in the physical and water properties of brown forest and loamy soil depending on the methods of preplant soil preparation are given in Table. one,

The chemical properties of brown forest and loamy soil, depending on the methods of its preplant preparation, are given in Table. 2

Given in Table. 1 and 2, the data show that the soil prepared by the proposed method is not only different in improved water-physical properties (the density and

hardness, the water regime in the 0-50 cm layer becomes more stable), but fertility also increases.

Example 2. The assessment is carried out on the morphological development of the bushes.

organics before planting goat dwarf mandarin planting 1982

A new method is compared to a known method — ridges are formed from un-loosened sodded soil.

The results of the influence of the proposed method of preplant preparation, the soil on the growth of shoots of dwarf mandarin are given in tabl. 3

Established the advantage of the proposed method compared with the known.

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The latter is carried out at the best time for the zone.

Example 1. The field intended for planting is plowed in the usual way and sown with perennial grasses in 1980. During the 1980 - 1982 years. The field is harvested under vegetation, periodically dispersing mineral fertilizers and mowing grass for mulch. In 1982, a section of future rows was sorted out over the sodded area, in the direction of which the strips with a width of 1.6 meters superficially disperse mineral fertilizers using a spreader of fertilizers RUN, 45 and behind; With a plow PRVN-2.5A with versatile screw dumps, water-regulating grooves are cut and at the same time taken out of the furrows, layers are plowed up with dirt by turning. that of adjacent strata 180 facing each other with the formation of double humus-accumulative horizons, and the distance between the strata to

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method for preparing temporarily overmoistened soil for planting woody crops into ridges, including forming a ridge by removing and turning a sodden bed to a sodden soil, forming a furrow next to the ridge at the site of the extracted stratum, in order to accelerate the development of plants by optimizing the physical state of the soil in the ridge, the soil beneath the soil is tentatively loosened to a depth less than the thickness of the layer being wrapped. 35 45 her 40 45 her Invention Formula A method for preparing temporarily overmoistened soil for planting woody crops into ridges, including forming a ridge by removing and turning a sodden bed to a sodden soil, forming a furrow next to the ridge at the site of the extracted stratum, in order to accelerate the development of plants by optimizing the physical state of the soil in the ridge, the soil beneath the soil is tentatively loosened to a depth less than the thickness of the layer being wrapped. five 10 20 30 40 50 -yi- {GG1, 31 1.33 1.44 1.34 1.37 1.45 1.10 1.28 1.34 1.40 1.46 1.47 The proposed method Bulk weight, g / cm Hardness according to Golubev, I kg / cm 13 .04 D 8.10 1 13.04 I 8.10 D 13.04 1 8. 5 10 20 30 40 50 0.92 1.03 1.33 1.31, 1.28 1.33 1.06 1.24 1.33 1.37 1.34 1.36 Table 1 1.12 2.76 3.84 6.28 6.47 6.28 15.35 23.11 25.45 25.14 25.47 24.93 16.84 19.48 21.59 23.66 24.73 26.22 Continuation of table.1 " Humidity, wt.%  G hardness I kg / cm Date of determination ten 0.4111.8916.30 0.9820.2818.43 2.1626.3422.38 3,0227,5623,85 4,2828,7025,67 4,4728,5725,47 on, known method Humus by hydrolysis. PjOy for Bur- by Mas-Tyurin, nitrogen for riel Gerlova Tyurin and. Nando Kononova mg per 100 g of soil 10 2.32 1.19 1.87 22.7 20 2.38 1.08 1.68 24.1 40 1.70 0.83 0.47 22.9 .- Continuation of table 2 on, the proposed method Humus by hydrolysis. in Bur-Mas-Tyurin,% nitrogen in riel Gerlova Tyurin and nando Kononova mg per 100 g of soil 102,661,124,2025.0 202,681,294,2824,6 402,501,063,9724,7 Table3 Date Average increase in run measurements, cm Known - Proposed method 12.11.85 24.0 51.0 27.0 ± 13.3 Fus.i Fie.2 Sh /////////////// /// Faye. wow xx t .. five