SU1429947A3 - Method and apparatus for removing stuck deposits from heating surface of heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for deslagging boilers, wherein a quenching-type stream of water is first applied to the outer surface of the hot slag to induce the formation of fissures by embrittlement and contraction, and thereafter the fissured surface of the slag is impacted by a high velocity pulsed jet which drives water into the fissures, whereby dislodging of the slag is aided by the expansive force of water which vaporizes in the fissures. A soot blower lance is illustrated, equipped with dual liquid supply and projecting means, and pulsing mechanism for interrupting the flow of blowing medium to one of the projecting means, to create the pulsed jet. The lance is moved in a pattern to subject the slag successively to a lower pressure stream and then to the higher pressure pulsed stream. <IMAGE>

Description

 CM

The invention relates to power engineering j and more specifically to devices for ensuring highly efficient operation of boiler units, removing the deposition of g from the heating surface of the heat exchanger.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of cleaning.

Fig. 1 schematically shows the proposed cleaning device, side view; FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. i; in fig. 3 - block nozzle tube. The introduction of the working medium, the longitudinal section in FIG. 4 - means generating pulses, partial longitudinal section, in FIG. 5 - section BB in FIG. four; FIG. 6 is a section BB in FIG. 5j in fig. 7 is a cross section of d-y in fig. 4; FIGS. 8–10 are elements of a pulsed mechanism at successive moments of time. A device for removing adhering deposits from a heating surface of a heat exchanger or similar device 25 contains a frame 1 in the form of an I-beam with a protective casing 2 and a tube 3 with a nozzle for axial rotation of a pulsating high-pressure device mounted for longitudinal movement and axial rotation medium located inside the barrel 5 with a channel 6 connected to a source of low-pressure environment.

The rear end of the tube 3 for insertion of the working medium is supported rotatably in the carriage 7 mounted on rollers on the lower flanges of the I-beam 1 forming the main carrier, shielded by a protective casing 2 with a U-shaped channel. The carriage is installed securely through a flexible power cable. 8, a motor 9 with a corresponding: gearbox (not shown) providing a drive for moving the carriage and the tube 3 for introducing a pulsating working medium along the I-beam with the barrel 5, the distal end of which is complete as a block nozzle 10. A tube 3 is supported 50 inside the barrel 5 radial support ribs 11J allowing free flow of a low-pressure working medium through the gap formed on the outer surface of the wall of tube 3. 55 The nozzle 12 is supported in the block nozzle 10 with the help of a cup-shaped support element 13 and takes

35

40

45

g

5 o 5 Q

0 5

five

0

five

the working medium supplied along the barrel 5, which releases backward with a slight inclination (for example, at an angle of 15) through the opening 14 in the nozzle block 10, the Supporting element 13 is hermetically welded circumferentially to the edge surrounding the opening 14,

Flow through the tube 3 working medium passes through the elbow 15 to the nozzle 4, also sealed in the nozzle block. The nozzle 16 covers the nozzle 4 and isolates it from the internal cavity of the block nozzle 10. FIG. 3 shows a nozzle 4 mounted with an angle of inclination backward, providing a blow to the wall,

In the barrel 5 and the nozzle 12, the liquid flows from a source (not shown) connected to the connecting element 17, and then through the filter 18 it is supplied to the control valve 19, From the control valve a 19 V, to its open position, the liquid has a corresponding pipeline 20 and the connecting pipe 21 is led to pshang 22, which is rotatably connected to the rear end of the barrel to introduce the working medium.

. The branch pipe 23 is connected to the pipeline 20 behind the valve 19 and leads to a pulse mechanism 24, which delivers a pulsating flow of working medium through the corresponding outlet channel 25, a second flexible pipe 26 and a corresponding rotatably mounted connecting pipe 27 to the rear end of the pulsating tube 3 working environment.

The opening and closing of the valve 19 is carried out by the cam 28 mounted on the carriage. When the carriage moves from the retracted position (Fig. 1) forward to the position where the nozzle is inserted into the cavity of the boiler, the cam hits the latch lever 29 and moves the valve to the Open position , and when the carriage moves in the opposite direction, the cam hits the latch lever, reversing it to the position. The valve is closed.

The working medium ejected from the nozzle 12 is used as a controlled pre-treatment cooling agent. The working medium selected from the nozzle 4 is used to create a percussion effect. Pulsation mechanism

There is a periodic interruption of the flow of the fluid discharged from the nozzle 4 in such a way as to create clearly defined pulses. The mutual position of the nozzles 12 and 4 relative to the axis and the circumference of the tube in the operating mode ensures that the nozzle 4 follows the same trajectory along which the nozzle 12 passes, as a result of which the impact jet ejected by the nozzle 4 falls on the same surface areas on which several it was directed by the jet ejected from the nozzle 12. The magnitude of this interval and the volume of the liquid exiting the nozzle 12 are matched with the speed of the jet moving over the surface being cleaned in such a way that sufficiently cooled slag is provided whether the soiled surface of the nozzle 12 from entering the liquid to this surface in pokrshayuschem Shpakov fine cracks, and the time interval of embodiment 25 obes- mechanism providing

It removes a significant portion of the water entering through the nozzle 12 from the cooling zone before a pulsating jet strikes it. However, this interval is short enough that the small cracks that have formed do not disappear before the moment when the pulsating jet hits the deposits.

Thus, a portion of the pulsating liquid with a higher peak pressure penetrates into the cracks, creating a subsurface pressure during instant evaporation, increasing the effect of kinetic energy and ensuring the removal of slag or other surface contaminating material. .

It is known that the peak impact pressure of a pulsating jet can be / 50 times the pressure of a continuous jet. The volume of water expelled from the nozzle 12 in the continuous mode and with a lower pressure of water may be relatively small, THO decreases the tendency of reflection from the surface (as happens with a significant part of the pulsating jet). The liquid coming from the nozzle 12 sufficiently wets the surface, and due to the large heat absorption

the pulsation of the fluid supplied to the nozzle 4. And my n block. 24 consists of a rotating generator 30 and —tuls and an engine 31. A pulse unit 2Q is mounted on a blower device and fixed to case 2, as shown in FIG. 1.

35

The impulse unit includes a cylindrical worm; with 32j, a closed subframe 40

Nicke bolts 33 and 34, the drive through the bolt 34 passes the drive shaft 35 to connect to the motor shaft, which can be used asynchronous; the motor, whose rotational speed is approximately 1,800 rpm, in the cylindrical chamber 36 of the housing 32 on the shaft 35 is installed with an exact fit and rotatably rotor 37. Channel 38 with a rectangular

cross section, it runs along the bottom of the rotor 37 near one of its ends (shown in FIG. 4, it is shown on the left) and, when the shaft rotates, acts as a pulsator or valve, while through each half

50

rotor opposite diameter holes 39 and 40 with a cross-section of a rectangular shape for entry and exit

Due to the latent heat of vaporization of the 5 pulsating jets, cracking can be caused. by myself. The cross-section of the input of the impact of a small amount of water. the openings are somewhat larger. On the other hand, the pulsating jet is smaller than the valve 38 in the rotor You1429947

fluid is supplied under very high pressure and its impact is enhanced by pulsation, which again allows to be limited to a small volume of water, which, due to the kinetic energy of the strings and the fraction P1, e {the action of the cooling flow supplied by the nozzle 12, provides highly efficient removal of slag breakage. Therefore, two such jets require a generally relatively small water flow. Although the total water flow is relatively low, a considerable mass is ejected with each pulse of the HS of the nozzle 4, capable of creating &amp; h - a strong blow.

The carriage motor 9 is a variable speed motor which is adjustable to control the speed of the jet and maintain it almost constant.

FIG. A-10 shows the npeflno iTHTaTb pulsation of the fluid supplied to the nozzle 4. And most of the block. 24 consists of a rotating generator 30 and —tuls and an engine 31. The impulse unit is mounted on a blower device and fixed to case 2, as shown in FIG. 1.

The impulse unit includes a cylindrical worm; with 32j, a closed subframe

Nicke bolts 33 and 34, the drive through the bolt 34 passes the drive shaft 35 to connect with the motor shaft, which can be used asynchronous; the motor, whose rotational speed is approximately 1,800 rpm, in the cylindrical chamber 36 of the housing 32 on the shaft 35 is installed with an exact fit and rotatably rotor 37. Channel 38 with a rectangular

cross section passes through the bottom of the rotor 37 near one of its ends (shown in FIG. 4, it is shown to the left) and when the shaft rotates it acts as a pulsator or a rotary valve, with half a turn through each

port 40 is the same size as channel 38.

At the opposite end (Fig. 7), the rotor has two slice 41 and 42 opposite in diameter, forming protrusions 43 and 44, which, when rotated, are aligned with the inlet 45 for the tinted flow through each half-turn of the rotor in the housing 32 and block it e. Fig. Bypass valve, operating synchronously with a pulse valve. The diametrically opposed shunt outlets 46 and 47 pass through the wall of the housing 32 at a 90 ° angle to the shunting inlet 45. The outlet openings 46 and 47 are permanently connected to the inlet 45 through the free portions 41 and 42, unless hole 45 is blocked by from the protrusions 43, 44. In FIG. 8-10, the relative orientation of the protrusions and the channel 38 is shown. Ensuring the blocking of the shunt inlet opening 45 by one of the protrusions 43, 44 at the moments when the channel 38 connects the holes 39 and 40 between each other. The fittings are connected with the appropriate fittings 48 and 49 with a source of pressurized fluid which, through booster pump 50, is supplied to both inputs of the impulse mechanism. An accumulator 53 can be connected to pipe 51 through manual valve 52, which allows it to regulate peak pulse pressure or impact force to any desired degree. Shunt outlets 46 and 47 are shown connected to the power supply pipe 23 of the pulse generator to the pump using a pipe 54, which has a manual valve 55 providing the required pressure drop.

It should be noted that the discharge from the shunt holes may also be emitted to the atmosphere. From outlet 40, a pulsating fluid flow through pipe 25 passes into connecting pipe 56, from which through w, pang 26 and connecting pipe 27, it is fed through pipe 3 to inject the working medium.

Since the impulse mechanism is capable of increasing the peak impact force, the use of a booster pump is not mandatory for all installations, it depends on

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

pressure at the source and on the degree of contamination of the surface with slag.

Since the channel 38 and the orifices 39 and 40 are rectangular, their front and rear surfaces are perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the rotor, and the rotational speed of the rotor is very high, the flow into the tube 3 to enter the working medium and to its nozzle 4 begins and ends abruptly , thanks to what the pulses do not have a bevel of the front and rear edges.

The protrusions 43 and 44 have a slightly larger width than the inlet 45 of the shunt flow, and due to this the bypass path is blocked somewhat earlier than the pulsating flow outlet 40 opens (Fig. 8), as a result of which a pressure is created which increases the peak pressure the beginning of the impulse.

The method of removing adherent deposits from the heat exchanger heating zone is implemented using the described device as follows.

The barrel 5 with tube 3 is introduced into the heat exchanger. At the same time, the barrel with the tube performs both translational and rotational motion, through the nozzle 12 of the barrel 5 serves a continuous low-pressure environment, which causes cracking of the deposits, and through the nozzle 4, the tubes are fed to the surface to be cleaned with a pulsating high-pressure medium to flush the deposits, When rotating the barrel and the tube, the medium moves successively along the surface being cleaned, and the high-pressure medium falls onto the surface to be cleaned after evaporation of the low-pressure medium, but before sintering deposits.

Claims (1)

The use of the invention contributes to improving the quality of cleaning the heating surface of the heat exchanger during its operation. Invention Formula 1, a method for removing adhering deposits from a heating surface of a heat exchanger operating at a boiling point of water at a boiling point, which consists in supplying a scrubbing medium to the surface being cleaned and a pulsating medium to flush the sediment, characterized in that The environment for the destruction of the deposits is fed continuously at low pressure, and the pulsating medium is supplied as a high-pressure liquid medium, while the media are successively moved along the surface being cleaned, and following medium is supplied onto the surface after vtarivani predschuschey medium, but before deposition sintering. 2, A device for removing adhering deposits from the heating surface of the heat exchanger, comprising a frame and a tube mounted on it with the possibility of longitudinal movement and axial rotation with a nozzle for exiting a pulsating high-pressure medium placed inside the barrel with - s U299478 a channel connected to the medium source, means for periodically interrupting the flow and driving longitudinal movement and axial rotation barrel, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of surface cleaning, the barrel is connected to a low-pressure supply source medium and contains at least one additional nozzle to exit the low-pressure environment, while the nozzles are displaced one from the other in both the longitudinal and angular direction with the possibility of ensuring sequential movement of the low-pressure first and then the high-pressure pulsating medium along the heat exchanger area being cleaned. four b-in In In (Reg. 6 Fig.8 gd  fpue.9  Rig. ten