SU1411290A1 - Installation for ultrafiltration neutralization of highly-stable emulsions of used lubricating-cooling liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for the disposal of oil and oil-containing wastewater, and is intended to separate highly stable emulsions, such as coolant discharged in cold metal working processes, for the purpose of subsequent utilization of recoverable oil products, and allows increasing plant capacity by eliminating clogging of filter filters . The installation N consists of a collection of emulsions 1, a separator 2 in which the electroflotter 3 is placed with a device 4 for collecting and removing floated oil products and a filtering floating load 5 connected with pipelines 6 with a circulation pump 6 and a membrane apparatus 7. The membrane apparatus 7 is equipped with a mechanism supply 8 and a source of direct current 9, which also provides power to the electroflotter 3. In this case, it includes ultrafiltration tubes connected in a single unit using cylindrical cups 11 and placing into a cylindrical tube to collect the filtrate. Aluminum rods are fed through the gland seals to the inside of the filter tubes, and wire winding is located on the outer surface of these tubes and is connected to the negative pole of the direct current source 9. The aluminum rods are connected via sliding contacts to the positive pole of this power source. 2 silt S (L QD

Description

The invention relates to the field of neutralization of oil and oil-containing sewage and is intended for the separation of highly stable emulsions, such as coolant, discharged in the process. cold processing of metals, with the aim of subsequent utilization of recoverable petroleum products, in particular, to installations for their disposal

The purpose of the invention is to increase plant capacity by eliminating clogged tubular filters.

Figo 1 is a schematic representation of the proposed installation; figure 2 - membrane apparatus.

The installation consists of an emulsion collector 1, a separator 2 in which a conical shaped electric separator 3 with a device 4 for collecting and removing floated oil products and a filtering floating loading 5 connected by pipelines with a circulation pump 6 and a membrane device 7 are placed. The membrane device 7 is equipped with the feed mechanism 8 and the constant current source 9, which also feeds the electroflotter 3. In this case, it includes (FIG. 2) ultrafiltration tubes 10 connected in a single unit using cylindrical their cup 11 and placed in a cylindrical tube 12 for collecting the filtrate. Through the gland seals 13, aluminum rods 14 are fed into the inside of the filter tubes 10, and on the surface of these tubes there is a wire winding 15 connected to the negative pole 9 of the direct current source. The aluminum rods 14 are connected by sliding contacts 16 to the positive pole of this power source. The membrane unit 7 is provided with nozzles for insertion 17 and an outlet 18 of the processed emulsion, as well as a nozzle 19 for withdrawing a filtrate located in the upper part of the pipe 12 to maintain the required level of the withdrawal filtrate. Elements of the type VTU-0.5 / 2 with ultrafiltration fiberglass pipes with a diameter of mm can be used as ultrafilters; aluminum rods with a diameter of 5-8 mm are made of brand material.

0 5 d 0 5

five

0

five

AMg, Shts, or AOO, wire winding - from copper or its alloys. Filtration floating loading is made of expanded polystyrene or other foamed materials.

The installation works as follows

The spent coolant is supplied to the emulsion tank 1, from which the liquid separated from mechanical impurities is fed to the separator 2 and then as it is filled. It is supplied through the pipeline through the circulation pump 6 to the membrane unit 7. Under the action of overpressure in the membrane unit 7, a partial ultrafiltration separation occurs, ie the separation of the processed emulsion, after which it is fed into the electrofloater 3 of conical shape. At the same time, the voltage from the direct current source 9 is simultaneously applied to the electrode system of the electroflotter 3, as well as to aluminum rods 14 and wire winding 15 of the membrane apparatus 7

Under the action of electrolysis gases and the flow of liquid formed as a result of the tangential injection of it into the electroflotter 3, a partial separation of oil products from the processed emulsion occurs, which are collected and removed using the device 4o

Dp is increased and the efficiency of separation of the cobalanced oil products is processed, the liquid is filtered through the floating load 5, after which part of the cleaned liquor is fed to the pump 6 for subsequent circulation processing of its "

As a result of electrochemical and hydrodynamic effects, aluminum rods dissolve, mainly from their lower end, which is also facilitated by the increasing wire winding density on the outside of the filter tubes 10. The aluminum ions passing into solution within the alkalinity of the treated liquid, equal to 7-9, form hydroxides causing coagulation and coalescing processes of particles of petroleum products destabilized due to removal of low molecular weight emulsifiers into ultrafiltration process. As the aluminum rods dissolve, they are fed into the membrane unit of the mechanisms 8 through the gland seals 13. In this case, the sliding contacts 16 ensure a continuous supply of voltage to the aluminum rods. A closed electrical circuit between the aluminum rods and wire winding is created by permanently filling the cylindrical tube with 12 with a filtrate discharged from the apparatus through the nozzle 19, placed in the upper part of the cylindrical tube, provided by sealing the cylindrical cups 11 with nozzles for input 17 and output 18 to be processed fluid.

Concentrated oil products, continuously discharged from the installation, are sent for recycling, for example, in the production of building materials - expanded clay, instead of fuel oil. The filtrate from the installation is sent to plant-wide sewage treatment plants.

When the unit is shut down for a long time, in order to prevent ultrafiltration elements from collapsing as a result of deposition of oil products on the membranes of petroleum membranes, the membrane apparatus is washed with tap water.

The efficiency of the process of neutralization of highly stable emulsions of used coolant fluids increases due to the effect of a constant electric field on oil particles, partially deemulsified as a result of removal of emulsifiers with a filtrate, which accelerates their coalescence. The coalescence process is also accelerated due to the coagulation of the emulsion particles hydrolyzed with HbMg aluminum ions, which are dissolved in the anodic dissolution of aluminum rods.

The stability of the emulsion is reduced due to acidification of the anode space as a result of electrolysis, carried out during separation of the cathode and anode by the membrane, as well as due to the binding of free hydroxyl groups during the formation of hydroxide due to chemical dissolution of aluminum, which is intensified by the hydrodynamic conditions of the process and by heating the treated fluid during its circulation. processing.

The efficiency of ultrafiltration separation of the emulsion increases

due to a sharp increase in the linear flow rate in the membrane apparatus as a result of a decrease in the free cross section of the ultrafiltration tubes when aluminum rods are introduced into them, which also leads to a decrease in the effect of concentration polarization.

In the proposed installation, a semipermeable membrane placed in an electric field acquires an electric charge, due to which, along with the ultrafiltration separation of oil products, due to the sieve effect, electrostatic repulsion of negatively charged particles of the dispersed phase takes place. In this case, the dispersed phase particles are transported to the anode, which additionally reduces the concentration polarization and increases the efficiency of the ultrafiltration process.

The technical and economic advantages of the proposed plant, as compared with the known ones, are an increase in the capacity of the plant to be disinfected due to a decrease in concentration polarization due to the influence of a constant electric field, a decrease in the duration of the emulsion treatment process due to the coagulation of oil products with hydrolyzed aluminum ions and their coalescence, as well as a reduction in energy costs as a result of a decrease in the consumption of circulating lmd-bone. due to a decrease in the free section of the pressure channels of the ultrafilters.

Claims (1)

The invention The installation for ultrafiltration disposal of highly resistant emulsions used cutting fluids containing serially assembled emulsions, a separator containing insoluble electrodes in the lower part, and a floating filter loading and membrane system equipped with a tubular filter system and an electrode system differing in the upper part the fact that, in order to increase plant capacity by eliminating clogging of tubular filters, the system of electrodes in polyene an aluminum rod Placing inside the tubular filtijia mounted for ftro axial movement and connected to the positive pole of the source of {(ika current, and the winding wire 1 at azmeschennoy surface naruzknoy a tubular filter with coil densities increasing in the direction of movement of the rod and connected to the negative pole of the DC source.