SU1395382A1 - Pneumatic injector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a spray-drying technique and can be used in the chemical industry for dispersing liquid products, in particular chemical reagents and highly pure substances. The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency and improve the quality of the spray. For this, the means for preventing the overgrowing of the nozzle surface is made in the form of a bell-shaped nozzle with beaded edges fixed to the end of the rod on the outside of the nozzle, with a convex surface facing the nozzle. The elastic section of the rod is made at the end of the rod in front of the bell-shaped nozzle at the level of the gas nozzle, and the inner and outer surfaces of the body and the feeding tube, respectively, are formed with symmetrical wavy grooves with a decreasing cross-sectional area in the direction of the gas flow. The resilient portion of the rod may be tapered with horizontal grooves of decreasing depth and pitch to the exit edge of the nozzle. The elastic section of the rod can be made tapered with inclined grooves of decreasing depth and pitch to the exit edge of the nozzle. The elastic section of the rod can be made in the form of a spring in the form of a truncated cone, facing a smaller base to the exit edge of the nozzle. The elastic section of the rod can be made in the form of a cylindrical spring. The bell-shaped nozzle is made with a wavy inner surface with a decreasing wavelength to flanging. 5 3. п. Ф-л, 6 Il. i (L with CO from 00 SH)

Description

The invention relates to a spray-drying technique and can be used in the chemical industry for dispersing liquid products, in particular chemical reagents and highly pure chemical substances.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency and improve the quality of the spray.

FIG. air nozzle, general view; in fig. 2-4 - variants of making the elastic part of the rod; in fig. 5 shows the node I in FIG. 1, in FIG. 6 shows section A-A in FIG. 3

The nozzle includes a housing 1 with coaxially; a feed pipe 2 located therein, terminating in a liquid nozzle 3. Inside the feeding pipe 3 is placed an eraser: 4 with an elastic section o. The feed pipe 1 is covered by a gas nozzle 6. The nozzle has a means for preventing the overgrowing of the nozzle surface, which is designed as a fixed end of the rod 4 on the outside of the nozzle of the hollow nozzle 7 with beaded edges 8 facing the nozzle with a convex surface . The elastic section 5 is made at the end of the rod 7 in front of the bell-shaped nozzle 7 at the level of the gas nozzle 6. Forming the gas nozzle 6 inner and outer surfaces, respectively, of the housing and the feeding tube are made with symmetrical undulating grooves 9 with a decreasing cross-sectional area in the direction of gas flow forming chambers of paraboloid shape.

The elastic section 5 of the rod 4 can be made tapered (FIG. 1) with horizontal grooves 10 of decreasing depth and pitch to the exit edge of the nozzle.

The elastic section 5 of the rod 4 can be made tapered with inclined grooves (FIG. 2) 11 of decreasing depth and pitch to the exit edge of the nozzle.

The elastic section 5 of the rod 4 may be made in the form of a spring (Fig. 3) 12 in the form of a truncated cone, facing a smaller base to the output edge of the nozzle;

The elastic section 5 of the rod 4 may be made in the form of a cylindrical spring 13 (Fig. 4).

The bell-shaped nozzle 7 is made with a wavy inner surface with a decreasing wavelength to flanges 8.

In the neck of the elastic section 5, a duct 14 (. At the junction with the rod 4) is made to communicate to the system. The bell-shaped nozzle 7, the elastic section 5, the outlet part of the gas nozzle 6 - an additional degree of freedom. for the amount of

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The bore between the elastic section 5 and the surface of the liquid nozzle 3 is set by an adjusting screw 15, which allows you to adjust the rate of fluid flow, and hence the dispersion of the spray. A distribution sleeve 16 is installed in the lower part of the feeding tube 2, through the axial hole of which the rod 4 passes. For supplying compressed air, there is a tangential nozzle 17. A nozzle 18 is provided to supply the product to the feeding tube 2. The nozzle body 1 is attached to the apparatus lid with a flange 19. Rod 4 can be provided with four thin removable corrugated plates 20 mounted (arranged) at an angle of 90 ° to one another (FIG. 6). In this case, the liquid supply is organized tangentially from two opposite sides so that the liquid is turbulized and drains a thin film over their surfaces.

The nozzle works as follows.

The product through tangentially located pipe 18 enters the liquid feed pipe 2 and is transported by a turbulized film along the surface of the corrugated plates 20, if any, to the distribution sleeve 16, from which, passing through its longitudinal holes, flows in thin jets along the surface of the elastic section 5 to the bell-shaped nozzle 7 with flanged edges 8, on the outer surface of which target dispersion takes place. The corrugated plates 20 provide braking for the liquid flow moving the rotationally-progressively in the peripheral region of the pipe and progressively in the axial region. Moreover, a positive radial pressure gradient is established in the rotating peripheral flow, as a result of which a part of the liquid product falls into the grooves between the rod 4 and the plates 20 and, not kept in the rotational motion, moves forward along the axis to the sleeve 16. Compressed air required for dispersion also supplied through a tangentially mounted nozzle 17, twisted and enters the gas nozzle 6 at high speed, the inner surface of which is formed by symmetrical undulating grooves and 9 forming chamber umenschayuscheys paraboloidal shapes with cross-sectional area in the direction of gas motion.

When a high-speed swirling air flow passes through the nozzle chambers, it sharply brakes projections on one side and changes volume and, consequently, speeds on the other, creating alternating longitudinal and transverse pressure gradients, resulting in elastic high-frequency oscillations with increasing frequency .

Under the action of oscillations of the air flow in the lower part of the gas nozzle and the bell-shaped nozzle 7, longitudinal waves propagate, under the action of which the lower part of the gas nozzle 6 and nozzles 7 vibrate. Moreover, the vibration of the nozzle 7 is transmitted to the elastic section 5 and is amplified by the latter. As a result, an integral oscillation field is created that covers the dispersion region of the product.

The amplitude of the oscillations depends mainly on the elasticity of the material of the elastic region and the pressure of the compressed air supplied.

When the frequency of the forced and natural oscillations of section 5 coincides with the bell-shaped nozzle 7, the amplitude sharply increases due to the appearance of resonance, which intensifies the dispersion process.

The presence of horizontal grooves 10 on the outer conical (working) surface of the elastic section 5 with decreasing depth and a step towards the exit edge causes the fluid flowing along its surface to change its direction many times. In order to improve the flow conditions of the liquid film along the tapered surface of the elastic section, the latter is performed with inclined grooves 11 (having a slight slope) towards the exit edge. Moreover, the cone-shaped surface of the section 5 with horizontal or inclined grooves of decreasing depth and schaga towards the exit edge of the nozzle contributes to greater flow turbulence, the formation of internal pulsations in the film and its better fragmentation at the exit. Making the elastic section 5 in the form of a spring of a cylindrical 13 or conical shape allows additional dispersion of the product film on its surface during oscillatory motion. The liquid exiting the distributor sleeve 16 rushes into the internal cavity of the spring, where, due to the impact, the film flowing over the screw surface is intensively crushed into droplets.

The exit at high speed from the nozzle 6, the gas captures the product flowing on the surface of the nozzle 7, and sprays it. Additional crushing of the fluid occurs under the action of high-frequency elastic vibrations generated by a high-speed gas flow and amplified by vibrations of the elastic section 5 and the bell-shaped nozzle 7 with flanged edges 8.

All this contributes to improving the quality of the spray and preventing clogging of the liquid nozzle and the formation of build-up on the face and outer surfaces of the nozzle.

Claims (6)

1. A pneumatic nozzle, comprising a housing with a feed tube coaxially disposed therein, terminated by a liquid nozzle, a rod with an elastic section inside the tube, a gas nozzle enclosing the feed tube and means for preventing the overgrowth of the nozzle surface, which is different in order to increase cleaning efficiency and spray quality improvement; the means for preventing the nozzle surface from being filled is made in the form of a bell-shaped nozzle attached to the end of the rod on the outer side nozzle with flanged edges facing the nozzle with a convex surface 5 in this case, the elastic section of the rod is made at the end of the rod in front of the bell-shaped nozzle at the level of the gas nozzle, and the inner and outer surfaces of the body and the feeding tube respectively forming the gas nozzle 0 are made with symmetrical undulating grooves with a decreasing cross-sectional area in the direction of gas flow. 2. A nozzle according to claim I, characterized in that the elastic section of the rod is made conical with horizontal grooves of decreasing depth and pitch to the exit edge of the nozzle. 3. The injector according to claim 1. characterized in that the elastic portion of the rod is tapered with inclined grooves of decreasing depth and pitch to the exit edge of the nozzle. 4. A nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic section of the rod is made in the form of a spring in the shape of a truncated cone, facing the smaller base towards the exit edge of the nozzle. 5. The injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic section of the rod is made in the form of a cylindrical spring. 6. The injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the bell-shaped nozzles are made with a wave-like inner surface with a decreasing wavelength to flanging. 0 fie.Z needles A - / I