SU1373359A2 - Method of extracting roots from soil - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agrochemistry and soil science. The purpose of the invention is the most complete separation of the roots from the soil and the preservation of their morphological structure. Before dubbing, a soil sample is treated with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, to which salts of lignosulfonic acids are added in an amount of 0.04-0.19 May. oh; absolutely dry weight of the soil. The soils are formed in an ultrasonic installation; the mixture obtained is extracted from the root system on a sieve. Then a small amount of soil on the sieve is washed with water: until the root system is completely free of soil. 1 tab.

Description

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The invention relates to methods for isolating roots from the soil, which are used mainly in research on the physiology and biochemistry of plants, as well as in agrochemistry and soil science, and is an improvement of the known method according to the main author. St. No. 628949.

The purpose of the invention is the most complete separation of the roots from the soil and the preservation of their morphological structure.

The essence of the method is as follows.

A monolithic sample of soil with roots is placed in a reaction vessel, soaked in aqueous 0.1 and a solution of caustic soda, while adding salts of lignosulfonic acids in an amount of 0.04-0.19% by weight to absolutely dry weight of the taken soil. After soaking the soil with the roots in the resulting monolith solution, the latter is subjected to sonication in an ultrasound unit with a sound intensity of 2.5-3.0 W / cm, an operating frequency of 18-20 kHz and a power of 0.20-0.25 kW for 5- 15 min (depending on soil mass). Then the contents of the glass are transferred to a sieve with openings of 0.25-0.05 mm. Most of the roots are immediately freed from the soil. The small amount of soil left on the sieve is carefully washed with tap water, which has a shower head, until all the roots are completely separated. The roots are washed, their volume and weight are determined.

Example. A monolithic sample of the soil (a typical chernozem of a powerful, light clayey soil) with winter wheat roots weighing 500 g is placed in a glass reaction vessel and soaked for 12 minutes in an aqueous 0.1N. NaOH solution, taken in an amount equal to one soil exchange capacity, while 0.5 g of lignosulfonic acid salts are added to the alkaline solution, which is 0.10% by weight to the absolutely dry weight of the soil. After soaking in the resulting monolith solution, chernozem of a typical winter wheat root is treated with an ultrasound unit with a sound intensity of 2.5-3.0 W / cm with an operating frequency of 18-20 kHz and a power of 0.20-0.25 kW for 11 min The contents of the glass are then transferred to a sieve with openings with a diameter of 0.25 mm. A large proportion of the roots are immediately released from the soil. The rest of the soil is carefully washed with tap water with a shower head. The obtained quantitative

the characteristics of the root system are as follows: the root mass is 0.260 g / vessel, their volume is 6.43 cm; the isolated root system is sufficiently integral in terms of morphology

structure, with the release of retained a significant part of the root hairs (the main indicator of the quality of the selection of roots from the soil).

The proposed concentration was obtained experimentally. Isolation of winter roots

Wheat grass was carried out when lignosulfonates were added to an alkaline solution at a wide range of their concentration (0.01 - 0.22% by weight to the absolutely dry weight of the soil). To obtain comparative data, parallel separation of the roots is carried out by a known method (experiment 1).

The table shows the experimental data on the morphological parameters of the root system with different content of salts of lignosulfonic acids.

0 From the above data it follows that the addition of salts of lignosulfonic acids less than 0.04% leads to incomplete separation of the roots from the soil.

An increase in the amount of added salts of lignosulfonic acids in an aqueous solution of shelks above 0.19% leads to the destruction of the integrity of the root system, its morphological structure

Thus, the optimal content of added salts of lignosulfonic

The Q acid is 0.04-0.19% by weight.

The advantage of the fedalagable method is the possibility of maximally preserving the morphological structure of the roots, which is especially important when studying the adsorption surface of the root system.

5 cultivated plants.

The method is simple, does not require a significant investment of time and additional equipment and can be recommended for use in research and development.

laboratories, pilot stations, etc. 0

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of extraction of roots from the soil by the author. St. No. 628949, characterized in that, 5 in order to completely separate the roots from the soil and preserve their morphological structure, at the stage of treating a sample of the soil by ultrasound in an aqueous solution of caustic soda, lignosulfonic acids in the amount of 0 0,04-0,19% by weight to absolutely dry weight of the soil.  The results obtained are statistically processed by Dospekhov (1968). The magnitude of the smallest significant difference (NDS) indicates the reliability of the data obtained.