SU1364252A1 - Automated irrigation system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for irrigation of agricultural crops, in particular wide grip machines (DM) with water intake from open sprinklers, for example for irrigation of the Kuban type DM with their group use at elevated slopes as a distribution channel, so and sprinklers.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of control by increasing speed and reducing water discharges, as well as improving the reliability of the system.

FIG. Figures 1 and 2 show the proposed system with the main elements of the automated water distribution control scheme at elevated slopes of both sections of the distribution channel and sprinklers, a section; in fig. 3 and 4 is a diagram of a water distribution node with closures for this case; in fig. 5 and 6 are the main links of the irrigation system in case of non-inclining irrigators, respectively, when the latter are attached to the distribution channel directly and through the level difference.

The irrigation system contains a source of irrigation 1, an input regulator 2, a state consisting of gate 3, its actuator 4, a control unit 5, a setpoint 6 and a flow sensor 7, sections 8 of the distribution channel, linear regulators 9, state w from the valve 10, its driver 11, the valve position sensor 12, the control unit 13 and the intermediate level determination unit 14, as well as sprinklers 15 with sprinkler machines 16, signaling devices 17 of operation of these machines, additional gates 18 with drives (not shown) and blocks 19 control, junction of distributive plots 8 a channel with sprinklers 15 at elevated slopes of sprinklers, and sensors 20 for water level in installed at the ends of sections of the distribution channel 8 reserve tanks of the system. At elevated slope of the sprinklers, the sections of the distribution channel are provided with adjustment volumes 21 by increasing the cross section and decreasing the slope of their end portion (Fig. 1). The signaling devices 17 of operation of the machines are connected with the control units 19 of the valves 18 and the sensor 6 (a variant of communication with the setting unit 6 is shown through the control unit 19 by using the contact 19-1 of the latter). The sections of the distribution channel are equipped with devices 22 for setting the consumption of sections and adders 23, and the lower section of the distribution channel is equipped with a protective weir 24.

The irrigation source 1 is a channel, river or reservoir, the input regulator 2 can be made not only as a gate 3 (with control elements), but also as a pumping station; sections 8 of the distribution channel are laid along the slope of the area, however the lower part on a relatively small length can be made (Fig. 1) with a reduced bottom slope, an increased value of the channel width (and height), which ensures the creation of concentrated reserve objects of the necessary size distributed over the channel (with a minimum cost of creating the required system

volume of regulation), without which the automation of water distribution is impossible. Sprinklers 15 are connected to the distribution channel by means of water distribution nodes, the design of water distribution nodes (Fig. 3 and 4) provides not only simplicity of conjugation and versatility, but also protection from overflow by means of two drainage surfaces up to 5 m long, which makes the system work when failures of some elements. For irrigation systems with a large slope of sprinklers, it is possible to use radio alarm devices as signaling devices 17 of the operation of the machines. The design of the system allows a signal equivalent to the signal from the signaling device 17 to be supplied by the operator, as well as the use of an ultrasonic or ultra-low-frequency signal with transmission by water, land or a course stabilization cable, i.e. via communication channels that seem more promising. The average level determination units 14 provide for determining the average water level in all reserve tanks located below the output control of this controller unit 14, in practice, the average level determination unit 14 in the simplest implementation case is an adder with adjustable coefficients on the inputs. To ensure that block 14 performs the function of determining the average level, it is necessary and sufficient that the coefficients of the first Ki and second K2 inputs of the block 14 are chosen by the formulas

 Ki l-K2,

where j is the total number of level sensors associated with the inputs of this block determining the average level (the number

areas under the gate, controlled by the signal from the output of the block 14). The devices 22 for setting plots of sections are adjusted so that the signal at their output is proportional to the flow rate of the sprinkler oil in this irrigator; therefore, the adder of the first section supplies the input of the flow setting unit 6 with a signal proportional to the sum of the nominal flow rates of the machines Q. formula flow rate

(V-N), where K - coefficient; V is the reference signal;

N is the average level in all reserve volumes.

The control unit 5 supplies exactly this value of the flow rate S by moving the shutter 3 when the signal from block 5 does not match the signal from the flow sensor 7.

The control unit 13 moves the shutter 10 of the linear regulator 9 in accordance with, for example, the formula

Z L-K3- N + K4F / K5W, (1) where Кз, К4, Кb - tuning factors; L is the signal from the sensor 12 of the position of the shutter 10;

N is the signal from the output of block 14 for determining the average level; F - signal from level 20 sensor; D is the reference signal of the embedded source of this unit 13; Z - the signal to move the shutter 10.

The shutter with the control unit 13 forms the stabilizer of the flow rate supplied to the sprinkler 15.

The system is built on the principle of increasing the needs of a particular object. In the simplest case (unconfined sprinklers, a small supply channel, a small number of machines turned on and turned off at the same time), the system may not include signaling devices 17 ,. additional volumes 21 of regulation and connection of level sensors 20 with control units 13 (Figs. 5 and 6), however, the output of block 13 must be inverted or the formula Z L + K3-N-K4- must be used. Z-K5- W.

Coefficients К, Кз, К4, Кь are assigned based on the results of auxiliary calculation. Their optimal values are taken from the results of studying a mathematical model of a particular object, for the most difficult work schedule of machines, and for specific cases of the implementation of the system, the formulas implemented by the control units of the regulators can be modified, but the main signals L, N, F are preserved.

The system also contains well-known auxiliary elements (dead zone formers, dampers, no-action shapers for a set time interval, etc.), which are mostly included in the field of automation equipment (not shown).

Automated irrigation system works as follows.

Primary filling starts after the supply voltage is applied to the control system and gate wires. The reserve volumes are emptied, therefore the input regulator 2 begins to supply the flow rate V, and on the linear regulators 9 a signal from the sensor appears

20, which, via control unit 13 and actuator 11, opens its shutter until relation (1) is maintained. As far as the lower backup

capacities appear and increase, which leads to covering the gates of the linear regulators 9 and reducing the flow rate supplied by the input regulator 2, the process ends with the complete closing of the gate 3 of the input regulator 2 and the gates 10 of all the linear regulators 9 when filling the control volume 21 to set value.

When a regular sprinkler is put into operation at the same time

5 proceeds a number of processes.

The warning device 17 opens the shutter 18 through the control unit 19, therefore the design flow required for the normal operation of this machine begins to be supplied to the sprinkler 15 of this machine.

0 When opening the shutter 18, contact 19-1 closes, giving a signal Q from the device 22 setting the flow rate through the adders 23 to the input of the setpoint 6 of the input regulator 2, which results in an increase in the flow rate supplied by this flow regulator equal to the estimated flow rate of the included sprinkler .

The level in the reserve tank associated with the sprinkler of the switched on machine is reduced, therefore the signal is reduced, which leads on the one hand to covering the shutter 10 that transmits water to the downstream tanks, and on the other to open the upper gates 10 that supply water to this

5 reserve capacity. This ensures, when the machine is turned on, a quick normalization of the level in the adjacent reserve capacity due to the use of water reserves in all reserve tanks of the system to the irrigator from the lower operating tank. As the increased flow from the source of irrigation proceeds, the levels in the reserve tanks increase, the signals G from the level sensor 20 return, which leads to an additional successive opening 5 NIK) of the transit gates 10, i.e. there is a smooth replenishment of all reserve capacities.

When you turn off the sprinkler machine, the process proceeds in the same way:

0, the warning device 17 closes the shutter 18, the supply of WATER to the sprinkler 15 is stopped, the opening of contact 19-1 reduces the signal at the output of the adders 23, therefore the flow rate supplied to the system decreases, the level in the reserve capacity 21 rises, which leads to an increase in the transmitted downward consumption and on the other hand to reduce the flow rate supplied to this reserve capacity.

When the last running machine is turned off, the processes proceed in the same way, all the valves are fully closed after filling all the reserve tanks to the set value, the system is ready for the new start of the sprinkler.

The proposed system can be used to automate irrigation systems with non-gradient irrigators (Figs. 5 and 6). In this case, the need to build additional reserve volumes is eliminated, reserve volumes of sprinklers are used, in which level sensors 20 are installed. When directly connecting the sprinklers 15 to the section 7 of the distribution channel (Fig. 5), the gates are eliminated, and the outputs of the signaling devices 17 of the machines can be connected directly to the setter 6. When connecting the sprinklers 15 through drops (Fig. 6), as a rule no valves 10 are needed, the output of the signaling devices 17 is connected to the setting device 6, and the output of the control units 13 is inverted and fed to the actuators of the valves 18. Due to the fact that the reserve volumes of unsupported sprinklers during their high-quality construction are It is sufficiently large, depending on the specific conditions, it is possible to obtain an additional effect in the form of capturing excess water from the supply channel, for which the dispatcher of the system from the additional sensor needs to send a signal to the auxiliary input of the flow setting unit 6.

Thus, the proposed system is universal, allowing automation of water distribution of a large number of possible combinations of operating conditions of an open distribution network.

Q

0

five

machines with water intake from open sprinklers.

The use of the proposed automated system will make it possible to obtain an economic effect by using blocks of determining the average level, ensuring redistribution and equalization of water reserves, regardless of the flow rate supplied by the irrigation source. This redistribution begins immediately after the occurrence of a noticeable level difference in the sections of the distribution channel. Due to the fact that the reserve tanks are located close to one another, and the areas have an increased slope, the cleaning time is small, which improves the quality of control and reduces the required reserve volume. Control by integral value (average level in all powered reserve capacitances) and communication with the shutter position sensor ensure that no swings and minimizes the number of adjustments to the shutter position for the most difficult on-off schedule for machines. The connection of the water level sensor 20 with the control unit 13 accelerates the system adjustment; In particular, when changing the flow rate supplied by the source of irrigation, this connection eliminates both overflow and excessive emptying of the reserve capacity. The connection of the signaling devices of the operation of the machines with the setting knob of the input regulator through the gate drive control units at the sprinkler inputs allows to minimize discharges through the sprinklers, which allows to work effectively without signaling devices when the operator performs the hc function by opening the shutter with a remote signal.

 Fg / 2. /

15

2

water-bearing edges

10A Fig.Z

73-G

2U

75

Pribod / zashorob

70

sixteen

Claims (4)

1. AUTOMATED IRRIGATION SYSTEM containing an irrigation source, a distribution channel, divided into sections with a level sensor at the end of each of them and equipped with an input regulator at the input of the first section, consisting of a shutter, a drive and a control unit with a level sensor connected to the last one after the shutter and flow controller, and at the inputs of subsequent sections - linear regulators, consisting of valves with actuators and control units, two inputs of which are connected to the position sensors of the valves and to the level sensors at the end of the previous section of the distribution channel, and sprinklers with sprinkling machines in each section, characterized in that, in order to improve control quality by increasing speed and reducing water discharges, linear regulators are equipped with mid-level detection units, the first input of each of which is connected to the sensor level at the end of the overlying section of the distribution channel, and the second input, combined with the third input of the control unit of the linear regulator, to the output of the average level determination unit underlying portion, wherein the output of the first average level detecting unit connected to the setting element input flow regulator, and a second input of the average level of the control unit and the third input end portion of the control unit - to the level sensor at the end of the last section of the distribution channel. 2. The system by π. 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of operation, the system is equipped with signaling devices for the operation of sprinkler machines, additional gates at the inlet of each sprinkler with a drive and a control unit, as well as flow setting units in each section of the distribution channel and adders on each linear regulator, the flow setting unit through the make contact of the additional shutter control unit is connected to the first input of each adder, the second input of which is connected to the output of the adder of the underlying section, and the output of the adder of the first section is connected to the second input of the flow regulator input regulator. 3. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the end part of each section of the distribution channel has an enlarged section and a reduced slope compared to the rest of the sections. 4. The system according to p. 2, characterized in that the block for determining the average level is made in the form of an adder, the transmission coefficients for the two inputs of which are established by the formulas K ₂ = = 1 — Kj> where j is the total number of level sensors associated with the inputs of this block determine the average level. 1364252 A1