SU1343187A1 - Device for processing household waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be used in public utilities for the disposal and disposal of organ-containing landfills at the place of their disposal. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process by more fully using the heat energy of the gases and increasing the reliability of operation. A bulk structure is formed on the surface of the landfill 17, which contains a gas-permeable layer of the collector 1 of non-combustible lump substance. The utilizer 8 is placed inside. Initiating decomposition of household waste is initiated, productive gases migrate to the bulk collector, torus 1, where they give their physical heat and chemical energy to the utilizer 8. Openings are provided to ensure the reliability of the method and simplify the coating of the bulk collector in the insulating layer of the latter. 3 for air suction. The process is conducted at a pressure in the structure below atmospheric. Full utilization of thermal energy of gases and simplification in the formation of bulk structures increase the efficiency of the process of recycling household waste directly in the landfill at the site. 1 hp f-ly, 1 ill. i CO Water D1m, gases 00 4;: / 5 00

Description

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The invention relates to waste treatment devices and can be used in public utilities for the disposal and recycling of municipal waste stored in municipal landfills.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process due to more complete utilization of the thermal energy of the gas and increase the reliability of operation.

The drawing shows a device for recycling household waste.

The device is made in the form of a bulk structure, placed directly on the landfill, and contains a gas-permeable layer of the collector 1, formed of non-combustible material, with external insulation 2, which has openings for air suction, made in the form of windows 3 and air intakes 4. To support the bulk layer at the base of the structure there are metal cables 5 on which a metal mesh is placed 6. The skeleton formed in this way is attached to the foundation 7, contoured around the perimeter of the waste dump. Inside the gas-permeable layer, there is installed a heat energy gas heat exchanger 8 containing perforated gas collecting pipes - rings 9. Inside the latter there is a tubular coil 10 with an inlet pipe 1 1 outside the structure for supplying water to the heat exchanger. Windows 3 and air 4 are placed in the upper part of the collector 1 above the utilizer. The air intake 4 with its lower end is set as in the upper part

the collector 1 and is connected directly to the internal cavity of the utilizer. At the outlet of the collector 1, the utilizer 8 is connected through a pipe 12 to the gas control device 13 and the gas cleaning unit 14 from harmful impurities. To force air into the structure, an exhaust fan 15 is used, which is connected to chimney 16. To create waste from the initial fire chamber 18 in the dump 17, there is a well 19 with openings 20 on the bottom, which is cemented to the stability in the bulk collector 1. To regulate the air flow rate in the utilizer 8, there is an armature 21 installed on the head and air inlets 4.

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 gt; ts1yst-1yu rabo 1 s; G T i: jRM), yii4: iiiM of-pazo.

.a gi-gk: pichnost hyi.: 1k 17.Pichochos and industrial o lxn / uiB, for example, by shaping and produced by K; ipei, epr, tension, with a pitch of 5–10 m, metallic and t -1osy 5. 00ratorai1 1, p1 frame of cables 5 fastened to ic fui to amenent 7, contoured but nepHMin pv

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 Then, on the surface with ali lay-down) T 11, the dyed metal mesh B, which was dumped, lumpy material, for example, blown ii: axTi: i, n. pore / .y, thus create a gas-stratum-bearing layer of the reservoir 1. () ,; ii- (; -puNH ni; -; in the landfill 17, enter one of the wells | .11 -; G | Mept one well 19, Hygiene, 1: 1; VC) in the lower part of the hole 20.: Clag1 at 19 PS as dumping 1i1LL | -1: 1 - pa 1 cemented in the upper part. Along the way, inside the bulk layer of the Ihktera 1, the gauge collector 8 is installed, 8, the state and. s from raids, rings 9, inside which jjariMt iiien pipes coil 10 with input n; iTpy6KON; 11 to enter the water. Consist- utypu utiiizator 8 execute npde devices that allow (,: 1; gat rijpiii -nie gases with large baths; x; tod | (ti air. In the arrangement b: coil coil, according to It circulates the hearth, provides a thermal effect of L1Laation of heat energy ga.cha when it is burned.

The output from the gas is 111111 ;; GG-: from the collector 1 utshszat (; p about -jiyfici- wires 12 podso1; in .1L- to the 13 control of the lawn coming out, to the installation 14 of gas cleaning o- / pri- Mcceii and through I3ijrj; i; r ioii il g: o15 are connected to the flue i6.

(); -; a chiva pod; y; h1vp gell-y t; The works are carried out by BHtujtiioio from: 1lzi1 2 collectors 1. At the same time, the gas-tight heat-resistant slitsch located below the utilizatia 8, form an I3 layer of scaffold and concrete and fasten with the foundation 7. liiieiiiHHji the surface of the collector 1 li and 1e of the utilizer 8 cover gliistippi cjiot. M, and in this part of the Collars 1 there are windows 3 for Ki .ioi a of ios-spirit. Windows 3 can also be formed arbitrarily during BjieMH npont-cca swachich waste burning, for example, during deformation of a colloquer. P j i. uipynoT

pacxdji ioch, 1uha, served by the wailgr KojijieK i npa 1,, lawn, burned, ;;; LF from the outflow, with the help of a nozdukhozabor (n - on which the regulation of the standard 5matura 21 is installed.

Thus, the openings for pasos, ubinoJTHeiiin.ie in the form of windows 3 and air fences 4, make it possible to carry out the process of utilization of gases c) short (heat losses even in case of depressurization of the structure.

Paste; and, and utilization of gases in landfill 17 through well 19, air is sucked in by fan 15, which intensifies decomposition of the waste. Sozdayniy in the basis of S1i: ki center of 18 mountains with a temperature of 600-1000 s; gradually moving kwe) xy, resulting in a loss. and gasification of waste. At this, the gas from the bottom of the porous gas collector 1 migrates to the collector 1. The resulting gas through the bottom layer of the porous collector 1 through the m fan 15 3aC (iCM) iaioT per unit 8 gases. B; 1g: when burning occurs, the ga- .ul is accrued at mid-hours T through the air through the openings 3 and neoolimotch). Thus, in the utilizer 8, ytiJPl aci of the total energy of g aza k)) occurs. hepatitis Combustion as well as its physical heat. As a result of water supply through inlet pipe 11 on the other to the coil 10, the steam or heat water is diverted to consumption. Elevated temperatures in the spill spruce; of co-collector 1 and the presence in its lower part of oxides of alkaline-earth metals present in the burnt ash rocks, contribute to the purification of gas from iieKvjTo-

CaO + CO CaCO, MeO + & 0 Me 50.

At the outlet of the collector 1, the cooled-) 1st gas is controlled by the composition in the device 13 and, through the purification unit 14, the gas ase and the chimney 16 is released into the atmosphere.

In the presence of B device 13, flammable gases in a sufficient amount of most of them are directed through the well 19 into the landfill 17, which additionally generates heat and intensifies the process of gasification of the waste.

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F) Reciprocating the extraction of gases from alkyes under bulk bulk form 1 is formed. empty 1 s burnt out P1) island. After the end of the gasification process, the utilizer 8 and the skins 19 are disconnected from the technological equipment 1 B, and B111 is removed from the Topti collection. Then the cables 5 supporting the collector are released, and during the collapse, the layer of the collector 1 fills the burnt-out spatial landfill. After this, reclamation is carried out, the retarding section, in some 1.1 cases, the OOHODI is gasified and repeated.

The sufficient organic content in the waste and the gas permeability of the landfill predetermine the possibility of processing 61 LTT waste at the site.

The supply of the working agent to the landfill massif ensures the intensification of the process of decomposing waste, in a reelement of which it increases the gas output,

noBbimaioT has its quality and ensures a more complete processing of organic material at the site. This eliminates the harmful effects on the environment and reduces the cost of recycling as compared to the disposal of waste in landfill sites.

A working agent intended for introduction into household waste is selected} i depending on the efficiency of the technological process, taking into account the subsequent utilization of both physical heat and the heat of combustion of the gases produced to produce steam or water.

In the case of incineration of waste, the process is carried out mainly until carbon dioxide (CO) is produced.

In the gasification of waste by organizing a moving source of combustion

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combustible gases are produced (CO, H. et al.) with an admixture of ballast CO and N, j. The most qualitative gases are obtained during the pyrolysis of waste, as well as the introduction of gas-producing bacteria inside the landfill. In the first case, organic coolant is fed to organ-containing wastes as which, for example, some of the gases produced during the process are used, or the landfill is heated by, for example, electric heating.

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However, irrespective of the chosen technological process in the formed bulk layer of the collector, it is advisable to utilize the total energy of the gases.

For example, when burning waste, when the resulting gas contains predominantly carbon dioxide, it is mainly utilizing its physical heat. During gasification or pyrolysis of waste, in addition to physical heat, the chemical energy of the gas, which is obtained during its combustion, is also utilized.

Disposal of gas directly in a gas-permeable bulk collector significantly reduces the inevitable heat loss that occurs when it is transported to a waste heat boiler located outside the bulk plant.

For the gas ropjO4ero afterburner, inside the collector, in its external insulation, there are openings that run above the utilizer in the form of windows in the external insulation or air intakes. At this time, the upper part of the collector above the utilization is allowed without external insulation, which is undesirable because of possible erosion of the layer difficulties in the implementation of controlled air supply for afterburning gas.

Moreover, when isolating the collector layer below the utilizer, measures are taken to eliminate the penetration of air into this part of the layer, which prevents undesirable gas afterburning outside the utilizer.

Thus, the proposed device for processing organ-containing waste at the place of disposal is simple and reliable, since the insulation of the bulk structure is greatly simplified, no wire is required.

Editor P.Tupitsa

Compiled by T. Lepahina

Tehred L. Serdyukova Proofreader A.T.

Order 4629/38 Circulation: A9A: Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

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ABOUT

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To prevent air penetration into the manifold. Depressurization of the reservoir not only does not affect the process, but, on the contrary, increases its efficiency.

The efficiency of the process is increased by more fully using the energy of the gases produced, i.e. eliminating the loss of physical heat from the gases in the collector, along with cheaper external insulation of the structure. The invention makes it possible to save capital expenditures on the arrangement of ground-based furnaces, reduce operating costs, and also use waste dumps to generate heat, for example, entering the heating network of a city or town.

Claims (2)

1. A device for processing household waste, made in the form of a bulk structure and containing a collector in the form of a gas-permeable layer, external insulation of the layer surface, gas-gathering perforated pipes placed inside the collector, a utilizer of thermal energy of gases, a gas cleaning device and technological communications connected to the collector, distinguished by the fact that, in order to increase the Process Efficiency due to more complete utilization of the thermal energy of the gases and increase the reliability of operation, It is located inside the collector, and the external insulation is made higher than the utilizer and has openings for regulated air suction. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the utilizer is made in the appropriate form of the collector circuit.