Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that rubbish, solid waste gasification are produced into combustion gas, and bioxin contains in ensureing combustion gas
Amount meets environmental requirement.
Be that up to above-mentioned advantage, the utility model provides a kind of rubbish, solid waste gasification furnace, it include gasification furnace body and
Oxygen supply unit, the gasification furnace body is connected with the oxygen supply unit, and the gasification furnace body is used to will be above setting calorific value
There is gasification reaction in rubbish, solid waste and gasifying agent;The oxygen supply unit is used to be provided higher than setting in the gasification furnace
The oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen of concentration make the temperature of gasification reaction be 1200 DEG C -2000 DEG C for gasifying agent.
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, the rubbish of the gasification furnace, solid give up
Thing charging aperture is located at the centre position at the top of gasification furnace body.
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, the gasification furnace body is using upper big
Under small cone barrel structure.
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, the bottom of the gasification furnace is provided with ring
The first gasifying agent import header and the first gasifying agent entrance branch of shape structure, the first gasifying agent entrance branch two ends difference
Connected with the first gasifying agent import header, the gasification furnace body, multiple first gasifying agent entrance branch are in gasification
Furnace body is arranged circumferentially.
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, the gasification furnace is also arranged including liquid
Slag pipe, the slag tap pipe are used to connect the bottom and slag tap pond of the furnace body that gasifies.
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, the top of the gasification furnace is provided with ring
The first gasifying agent import header and the first gasifying agent entrance branch of shape structure.
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, the first gasifying agent entrance branch
Direction towards gasification furnace body center line O or multiple first gasifying agent entrance branch direction gasification furnace body in the middle part of shape
Into the intermediate hypothesis circle of contact.
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, the setting calorific value is more than or equal to
1200kca l/kg。
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, the setting concentration (volume of oxygen
Percentage) it is more than or equal to 30%.
In rubbish of the present utility model, one embodiment of solid waste gasification furnace, before the gasifying agent enters gasification furnace,
The gasifying agent is heated to 100-800 DEG C.
In the utility model rubbish, solid waste gasification furnace, oxygen supply unit for being higher than to offer in the gasification furnace
The oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen of concentration are set as gasifying agent makes the temperature of gasification reaction be 1200 DEG C -2000 DEG C, gasification reaction it is residual
Slag ash is the liquid high temperature sludge of molten condition, and is discharged with molten condition, and the continuity of gasification reaction is good, and stability is high.
Specific embodiment
Further to illustrate that the utility model is to reach technological means and effect that predetermined utility model purpose is taken,
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to foundation the utility model proposes specific embodiment, structure, feature and its effect,
Describe in detail as after.
Fig. 1 show the rubbish of the utility model first embodiment, the structural representation of solid waste gasification furnace.Fig. 2 institutes
It is shown as rubbish, the sectional view of solid waste gasification furnace of Fig. 1.Refer to Fig. 1,2, the rubbish of the present embodiment, solid waste gasification
Stove includes:Rubbish, solid waste charging aperture 1, gas outlet 2, gasification furnace body 3, the first gasifying agent import header 4, the first gas
Agent entrance branch 5, slag tap pipe 6, slag tap pond 7, the second gasifying agent import header 8, the second gasifying agent entrance branch
9。
Rubbish, solid waste charging aperture 1 are located at the centre position at the top of gasification furnace body 3.Due to the charging aperture of gasification furnace
In the central region of top of gasification furnace, rubbish, solid waste is so conducive to enter more uniform during gasification furnace inside
It is distributed in gasification furnace, and then ensure that gasification reaction stabilization in gasification furnace.
Gas outlet 2 is located at the top of gasification furnace body 3, top center of the multiple gas outlets 2 around gasification furnace body 3
Set.In other embodiment of the present utility model, 1 gas outlet 2 is provided only with.Gas outlet 2 is connected with gas unit, uses
Gas unit is the boiler with combustion gas as fuel, in other embodiment of the present utility model, the storage tank of combustion gas is stored with gas unit
Or with combustion gas be the equipment of Material synthesis methane, methyl alcohol, dimethyl ether or alkene.
Gasification furnace body 3 uses up big and down small cone barrel structure.The section of gasification furnace body 3 is circle.First gasification
Agent import header 4 is centered around gasification furnace body 3 bottom, and the second gasifying agent import header 8 is centered around gasification furnace body 3 top, the
One gasifying agent import header 4 and the second gasifying agent import header 8 are loop configuration, can so ensure to enter gasification furnace body 3
Gasifying agent pressure or uniform flow.
First gasifying agent import header 4, the second gasifying agent import header 8 are connected with oxygen supply unit.Oxygen supply unit be used for
Gasification furnace provides oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen as gasifying agent.Oxygen supply unit can be oxygen-enriched air storage tank or pure oxygen storage tank, oxygen-enriched
Air manufacturing equipment or pure oxygen manufacturing equipment.Oxygen concentration (percent by volume) in gasifying agent is 30%-100%.Gasifying agent
Pressure it is adjustable in the range of 0-0.7MPa, in order to improve heating efficiency and improve reaction temperature, gasifying agent need heating
To 300-800 DEG C or so.
The two ends of first gasifying agent entrance branch 5 connect with the first gasifying agent import header 4, gasification furnace body 3 respectively.First
Gasifying agent entrance branch 5 is arranged circumferentially gasification furnace body 3, the direction direction gasification of the first gasifying agent entrance branch 5
The center line O of furnace body 3.In other embodiment of the present utility model, the first gasifying agent entrance branch 5 is the structure of multilayer.
Second gasifying agent entrance branch 9 is connected with the second gasifying agent import header 8, gasification furnace body 3 respectively with two ends.The
Center line O of the direction of two gasifying agent entrance branch 9 towards gasification furnace body 3.In other embodiment of the present utility model, the
Two gasifying agent entrance branch 9 are the structure of multilayer.
Slag tap pipe 6 is used to connect the bottom and slag tap pond 7 of gasification furnace body 3.Gasified reverse in gasification furnace
The residue ash of gasification reaction when answering temperature to reach 1200 DEG C more than -2000 DEG C is the liquid high temperature sludge of molten condition, and with molten
Melt state discharge.After liquid high temperature sludge directly cools down, it will solidify out into sufficiently bulky solid matter.The utility model
It is middle that liquid high temperature sludge is entered into slag tap pond 7 using after Water Quenching by slag tap pipe 6, due to being chilling, bits urgency
It is cold, burst apart, as little particle bits, it is not necessary to broken directly to be used as construction material.The ash of molten condition becomes
Vitreum, makes harmful substance in rubbish, solid waste, and such as heavy metal is solidificated in vitreum, reaches the mesh of harmless treatment
's.
Fig. 3 show the rubbish of the utility model second embodiment, the sectional view of solid waste gasification furnace.Multiple first gas
Agent entrance branch 5, the direction of the second gasifying agent entrance branch 9 form the intermediate hypothesis circle of contact, purpose at the middle part of gasification furnace body 3
It is the reactant rubbish of liquid, solid waste is produced rotation, mixing is evenly.
Preferred rubbish, solid waste, by drying or being dehydrated or dry, make rubbish, solid waste before gasification furnace is entered
Calorific value is improved, and the calorific value of rubbish, solid waste into gasification furnace should be higher than that setting calorific value, and the calorific value for setting is 1200kca l/
kg。
Rubbish, solid waste enter 1 gasification furnace body 3 by drying, break process from rubbish, solid waste charging aperture,
In the gasification bottom of furnace body 3 and the high-pressure oxygen-enriched air mixed combustion entered from the first gasifying agent entrance branch 5, generation is up to
1200 DEG C -2000 DEG C of high temperature.
In order that outlet gas temperature is maintained within the temperature range of setting, when gas outlet temperature is less than setting value,
Oxygen-enriched air is added by the second gasifying agent entrance branch 9, Some gases is burnt, the temperature of combustion gas of increasing export makes combustion gas
Temperature reaches setting value, and Shi bioxin is thoroughly decomposed at high temperature.
In gasification furnace there is gasification reaction in rubbish and solid waste in the presence of oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen, in gasification furnace
Gas outlet fuel gas temperature reaches more than 1000 DEG C, and makes the combustion gas residence time at high temperature more than 2 seconds, thorough Shi bis- Evil
Scruple solution.The decomposable process that bioxin is varied with temperature is as follows:
With the rising of temperature, to 750 DEG C or so, the larger dioxins materials of its middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl start to decompose, but heat
The chlorobenzene class (such as C6H5Cl) of good stability is not easily decomposed.With the rising of temperature, this kind of material can carry out the free radical of fierceness
React and generate materials such as (C6H4ClOH).Mainly there are several chemistry such as C-C, C-Cl, C-O, C-H in dioxins materials
Key, its bond energy such as following table.
The thermal decomposition of bioxin may be divided into following three step:
(1), because the bond energy of C-Cl keys is minimum, so being broken at first, general temperature is at 750 DEG C or so.
(2) fracture of C-O keys, is secondly taken turns to, general temperature is at 800 DEG C or so.
Step (1) and (2) are only the reduction of actual dioxins materials, but considerably increase bioxin precursor
Concentration, that is, increased the later stage synthesis probability.
(3), decompose completely, the requirement of this step is higher, and general temperature will be at 1000 DEG C or so.Bioxin is decomposed 850
DEG C or so in burner hearth the residence time reach 2 seconds, or 1000 DEG C or so are stopped 1 seconds in burner hearth, or 1200 DEG C or so are stopped
Staying a few microsecond bioxin can decompose completely.
Gasification reaction is happens is that in rubbish, the gasification furnace of solid waste oxygen-rich liquid deslagging, refuse gasification is to contain
The chemical combination key that the rubbish of combustable organic thing makes compound under conditions of anoxic using heat energy is broken, by the organic matter of macromolecule
It is changed into the combustion gas such as the CO of small-molecular-weight, H2, CH4.Its main path for suppressing bioxin has:1. bioxin precursor is reduced
Generation;2. the valuable metal in rubbish is not oxidized, and the metal such as Cu, Fe in rubbish is difficult generation and promotes bioxin generation
Catalyst.Meanwhile, the pyrolytic gasification of rubbish also has its advantage:1. combustion gas is prepared;2. air coefficient when pyrolysis gas burn
It is relatively low, exhaust smoke level can be substantially reduced, capacity usage ratio, the investment and operation that reduce NOx discharge capacities, reduce fume treatment auxiliary is improved
Take.
Additionally, the molecule with lone pair electrons, the molecule such as containing nitrogen or sulphur also can be with Cu, Fe and other transition metal
Reaction forms the compound of stabilization, so as to reduce the possibility that catalysis forms bioxin.
In addition gasification reaction under the high temperature conditions, is free of tar in combustion gas.
Rubbish, solid waste gasification furnace can be according to following steps gasification rubbish, solid waste in the utility model:
1st, pre-process, including improve rubbish, solid waste heating value to setting calorific value;
Improve rubbish, solid waste heating value arrive set the means of calorific value as reduction rubbish, the moisture content of solid waste and/or
High heating value material is mixed into rubbish, solid waste;
2nd, gasify, pretreated rubbish, solid waste are sent into gasification furnace, it is oxygen-enriched higher than setting concentration with concentration
Air or pure oxygen are gasifying agent gasification rubbish, solid waste;
High heating value material is fuel of the calorific value higher than setting calorific value, such as coal, biomass, coke.High heating value material is bulk
Structure, preferable particle size is 10mm-50mm, may also be other particle diameters, and such high heating value material mixes and significantly increases rubbish, consolidates
The gas permeability or porosity of body waste, oxygen is fully contacted with rubbish, solid waste when making gasification reaction, greatly increases gasification
The speed of reaction, improves the temperature of gasification reaction.
In other embodiment of the present utility model, pretreatment also includes the step of crushing rubbish, solid waste.It is preferred that
Crushing after rubbish, solid maximum particle diameter should be less than 100mm, or larger particle diameter.
In other embodiment of the present utility model, pretreatment also includes the step of determining rubbish, solid waste heating value.
In other embodiment of the present utility model, plasma torch is provided with gasification furnace, plasma torch is used to gasify
The igniting of stove, and the temperature in gasification furnace is improved when the in-furnace temperature that gasifies is less than design temperature.
Following table show the experiment that the rubbish of the utility model first embodiment, solid waste gasification produce the method for combustion gas
Data.By experimental data it can be found that in the utility model rubbish, solid waste gasification furnace, oxygen supply unit is used for described
Offer is higher than the oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen for setting concentration as gasifying agent makes the temperature of gasification reaction be 1200 DEG C -2000 in gasification furnace
DEG C, the residue ash of gasification reaction is the liquid high temperature sludge of molten condition, and is discharged with molten condition.The continuity of gasification reaction
Good, stability is high.
More than, only it is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, any formal limit is not made to the utility model
System, although the utility model is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the utility model, any to be familiar with sheet
Technical professional, is not departing from the range of technical solutions of the utility model, when the technology contents using the disclosure above are made
Go out it is a little change or be modified to the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, as long as be without departing from technical solutions of the utility model content, according to
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification made to above example according to technical spirit of the present utility model, still fall within
In the range of technical solutions of the utility model.