SU1291828A1 - Device for studying transient electric arc - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for measuring the intensity of visible light rays, which are operated by electric radiation detectors. It is intended for use in optical information processing devices for registering fast-flowing light fields in technical physics, spectroscopy. The purpose of the invention is to measure and fix the distribution of the radiant energy of the investigated non-stationary electric arc over the observation space. The objective is achieved due to the progressive scanning of the observation space by the aperture of the optical radiation receiver and the recording of the intensity of the electric arc radiation in each element of the field to be developed. Moreover, the recording time is determined by the intensity of the arc radiation at a given point, except for dark points, where the recording time is fixed. The device contains an optical radiation receiver, an output amplifier and a recorder and a serially connected counter, a first threshold device, a mode trigger, a switch and an intensity register, a serially connected timer, a second threshold device, a second OR element, a delay element, the first OR element, a channel X counter and a channel counter Y, as well as a 1 channel analog converter of channel X, a digital tax converter of channel Y, 1 registers of channel X and channel Y, and a control trigger. Moreover, the recorder contains a multiplexer, an address decoder, a persistent storage device, an interrupt trigger, an OR element and a computer. 1 hp ff, 5 ill. (L Ivd CO 00 to 00

Description

The invention relates to devices for automatically investigating non-stationary sources of radiation of visible light rays, measuring their intensity using electric radiation detectors, and can be used in technical physics, spectroscopy, optical information processing devices for detecting fast light fields.

The purpose of the invention is the measurement and fixation of the distribution of the radiant energy of the studied non-stationary electric arc over the observation space.

Figure 1 shows the structural scheme of the proposed device; figure 2 - block diagram of the recorder; Fig. 3 is a functional diagram of an optical radiation receiver; 4 is a functional diagram of an output amplifier; figure 5 is a functional diagram of the first threshold device.

A device for investigating a non-stationary electric arc comprises an optical radiation receiver 1, an output amplifier 2, a recorder 3, a control trigger 4 connected in series, a first element OR 5, a counter 6, a first threshold device 7, a second element OR 8, and a delay element 9 whose output is connected with the second input of the first element OR 5, connected in series, the timer 10, the switch 11 and the register 12 of the intensity of the radiant

the flow, the output of which is connected to the flip-flop 24, the output by the element input of the recorder 3, the series connected channel counter X 13, the counter Y 14 of the channel and the DAC Y 15 of the channel whose output is connected to the first input of the optical radiation receiver 1, the output of which is connected to the second input of the recorder 3, and the first input is connected to the output of the second element OR 8, the channel register Y 17, the first input of which is connected to the output of the second element OR 8, the second input to the second output of the channel counter Y 14, and the output connected to the third the input of the recorder 3, the trigger 18 mode, the first input of which is connected to the output of the first threshold device 7, the second input is connected to the output of the first element OR 5, and the output is connected to

five

0

five

five

the second input of the switch 1I, the third input of which is connected to the output of counter 6, the DAC X 19 of the channel, whose input is connected to the second output of the counter X of the channel 13, and the output connected to the second input of optical radiation receiver 1, the second threshold device 20, the input of which is connected to the output of the timer 10, and the output is connected to the input of the second element OR 8, the input. the timer 10 and the first input of the channel counter X 13 are connected to the output of the first element OR 5, the second inputs of the channel counter X 13 and the channel counter Y 14 are connected to the trigger output. 4 controls, the fourth input of the recorder 3 is connected to the output of the second element OR 8, the second input of the channel register XI 6 is connected to the third output of the channel counter X 13, the second input of the register of the intensity of the radiant flux is connected to the output of the second element OR 8, the output of the optical radiation receiver 1 connected to the input of the output amplifier 2, the output of which is connected to the second input of the counter 6, the trigger trigger 4 is equipped with command inputs Start and

Stop.,.

Registrar 3 (FIG. 2) contains multiplexer 21, address decoder 22, recorder 23 ROM, interrupt trigger 24, OR element 25 and computer 26 connected to the output of ROM 23, multiplexer 2I, address decoder 22, with the input of ROM 23, two the inputs of the element OR 25 and the output

This OR 25 is connected to the first input of the interrupt trigger 24, the second input of which is the fourth input of the recorder 3, the output of the decoder 22

The 5 addresses are connected to the first input of the multiplexer 21, the second, third and fourth inputs of which are respectively the first, second and third inputs of the recorder 3.

The optical radiation receiver 1 (FIG. 3) contains a dissector node — a focusing system (FOS) 27 and a high voltage rectifier 28, the output of which is connected to the high voltage input of the dissector node FOS 27, the output of which is the output of the optical radiation receiver 1. The first and second inputs of the dissector node FOS 27 are respectively the first and

0

12 optical inputs of the receiver of the 1st radiation.

The output amplifier 2 (Fig. A) contains a comparator 29, the first input of which is the input of the output amplifier 2, the second input of the comparator 29 is connected to the output of the source 30 of the reference voltage, generating a constant voltage of negative polarity 0-1 V. The output of the comparator 29 is connected to the input of the pulse shaper 31. The pulse duration is 0 µs. The output of the pulse driver 31 is the output of the output amplifier 2.

The first threshold device 7 (Fig. 5) contains a comparison circuit 32 and a ROM 33, the output of which is connected to the input of the comparison circuit 32, the second input of which is the first input. the threshold device 7. The output of the comparison circuit 32 is the output of the primary state. A logical zero from the output of the mode trigger 18 sets the switch 11 to such a state that the code from the output of the counter 6 occurs at the output of the switch 11. In this case

th threshold device 7.

The device operates as follows: around 25 aperture of the dissector 27 under the influence of the current in the deflection system of the node

The nonstationary electric dissector - FSS 27, obtained from a tricy arc, is studied, the distribution of the DAC of the X 19 channel and the D 15 Y channel of the Y 15 whose energy is required by the half of the code conversion from the counters

thirty

to read and measure, is fed to the photocathode of the node of the FOS 27 dissector of the optical radiation receiver 1 and is converted into a field of photoelectrons that are influenced by the focusing and deflecting magnetic fields created by the FOS of the dissector node FOS 27 The plates 28 are moved to the diaphragm of the dissector. Part of the photoelectrons corresponding to one element of the observation space passes through the diaphragm of the dissector and is amplified for the second time by an electronic device. or a dissector's body and form at its output a stream of one-electron pulses. The voltage formed on the load of the dissector is fed to the input of the comparator 29, to the other input of which a voltage is supplied from the voltage source 30 of the reference voltage. The voltage of the reference voltage source 30 lies within O - 1 V and is selected for each copy of the dissector by a minimum of 55 noise pulses at the required sensitivity of the dissector. If the reference voltage is exceeded by a single-electron pulse, the comparator 29 outputs to. ,

 channel X 13 and channel Y 14, is set to the zero element of the floor of the observed space. The counter 6 in the reset state does not respond to the flow of one 5 electronic pulses arriving at its input. The interrupt trigger 24 is reset when the computer 26 is turned on via a reset bus, which arrives at its first input through the OR element 25. After passing the command

40 The start at the output of control trigger 4 is set to a logical zero, which removes the reset signal from timer 10, counter 6, and channel counters X 13 and channel Y 14, as well as from the second input of mode trigger 18. The timer 10 begins to count the time interval after which the time of recording the intensity of the radiant flux is truncated. The counter 6 begins to fill with single-electron pulses coming from the output amplifier 2. The frequency of these pulses is proportional to the intensity of the radiant flux from the element of the space of observation of an electric arc. If this element of space is bright, then the counting rate of counter 6 is greater than the counting rate of timer 10. The value of the code is

50

eight

the output is a single-electron amplified and normalized by a mltyd pulse, which undergoes further normalization in terms of a pulse shaper 31, from which the stream of normalized single-electron pulses is fed to the input of counter 6.

In the initial state, the control trigger 4 is in the reset state under the influence of the Stop command. From the output of trigger 4 of control L9, the unit goes to

the second inputs of the channel counters X 13 and channel Y 14, as well as through the first element OR 5 to the first inputs of the counter 6 and timer 10 and to the second input of the mode trigger 18, drive these blocks to the reset state. A logical zero from the output of the mode trigger 18 sets the switch 11 to such a state that the code from the output of the counter 6 occurs at the output of the switch 11. In this case

0

5, channel X 13 and channel Y 14, is set to the zero element of the floor of the observed space. The counter 6 in the reset state does not respond to the flow of one 5 electronic pulses arriving at its input. The interrupt trigger 24 is reset when the computer 26 is turned on via a reset bus, which arrives at its first input through the OR element 25. After passing the command

0 The start at the output of control trigger 4 is set to a logical zero, which removes the reset signal from timer 10, counter 6 and channel counters X 13 and channel Y 14, as well as from the second input of mode trigger 18. The timer 10 begins to count the time interval after which the time of recording the intensity of the radiant flux is truncated. The counter 6 begins to fill with single-electron pulses coming from the output amplifier 2. The frequency of these pulses is proportional to the intensity of the radiant flux from the element of the space of observation of an electric arc. If this element of space is bright, then the counting rate of counter 6 is greater than the counting rate of timer 10. The value of the code is

0

the counter 6 earlier reaches the threshold value stored in the ROM 33 of the first: threshold device 34. The logic unit from the output of the first threshold device 7 sets the trigger 1B of the mode and through the second element OR 8 starts the delay element 9. Under the influence of the I8 mode trigger, the switch 11 connects the output of the timer 10 to the input of the register 12 of the intensity of the radiant flux. The logical unit from the output of the second element OR 8 is fed to the first inputs of the register of channel X 16, channel Y 17 and to the second input of register 12 intensive-f5; these radiant flux recorded, respectively, the codes from channel counter X 13, channel Y 14 and timer 10, as well as to the fourth input of the recorder 3, setting in it the trigger 20 24 interrupts. The code recorded in the register 12 of the intensity of the radiant flux in the high bit contains a unit that serves as a sign for

The radiation and the end of the pulse of the electrolyte 9 are delayed. The cycle of registration of the intensity of the radiant flux is repeated.

In the case when the observation space element is dark, the count rate of one-electron pulses is small and the code value from the output of timer 10 earlier reaches the threshold of the second threshold device 20 than the code value from the output of counter 6 reaches the threshold of the First threshold device 7. When the second threshold is triggered, the device 20, the signal from its output, the second element OR 8 passes, records the contents of counter 6 into the register 12 of the intensity of the radiant flux and the contents of the counters of channel X. 13 and channel Y 14, respectively, into the register try channel X and channel Y 16 17, and sets the trigger 24 interrupts the registrar 3.Shema position receiver aperture 1

The recorder 3, that in this element of optical radiation occurs the ana- tures of the observation space occurred logically, just as with a bright element, the pro- gramming of the radiant flux from the target observation space. Thus, the accuracy of this, and the remaining bits of the recorded code is the time spent integrating the single-electron flux to a predetermined threshold. After a time determined by the delay element 9, a pulse appears at its output, the leading edge of which increases by one the contents of the channel counter X 13, and the peak of the pulse

in this case, the integration of a single-electron one; a stream of pulses from an output of a receiver of optical radiation 1 for a given fixed time interval. In the highest bit of the de reg register 12 the intensity of the radiant flux in this case will be recorded

35 nil After the establishment of the trigger 24 interrupt in the channel of the computer 26, an interrupt request is received informing the processor of the computer 26 that the data on the intensity of the radiant flux is F.

resets counter 6, timer 10 and trigger 18 mode. The modified code from the channel counter X 13 is fed to the input of the DAC channel X 19, and from its output the deflection current enters the deflecting system of the optical radiation receiver 1, which causes the aperture of the optical receiver 1 to move

radiation into the next element on the interruption code 45, which

channel 26 of the computer enters the second input of the OR element 25 of the registrar 3 and the input of the ROM 23 of the registrar 3. Interrupt trigger 24 is reset, and the ROM 23 sets a code corresponding to the address of the computer RAM cell 26 to the computer channel 26 program interrupt handling. Prin in from ROM 23 this address, computer 26

X ordinate of observation space. When the channel counter X 13 overflows, it is nullified, and the overflow signal arrives at the first input of channel Y counter 14, thereby increasing its contents by one, which causes the optical radiation receiver aperture to move along the Y coordinate. The pulse duration of the delay element 9 is determined proceeding from time-55, it transfers control to the program of the transition of the aperture of the receiver 1 of the interrupt processing; under the action of the cotation radiation, c4ijTBraaHHe occurs from one position of the computer 26

no other. After changing the position of the information stored in the registers

the apertures of the receiver 1 are optical-from - :, 12. the intensity of the radiant flux.

The radiation and the end of the pulse of the electrolyte 9 are delayed. The cycle of registration of the intensity of the radiant flux is repeated.

In the case when the observation space element is dark, the count rate of one-electron pulses is small and the code value from the output of timer 10 earlier reaches the threshold of the second threshold device 20 than the code value from the output of counter 6 reaches the threshold of the First threshold device 7. When the second threshold is triggered, the device 20, the signal from its output, the second element OR 8 passes, records the contents of counter 6 into the register 12 of the intensity of the radiant flux and the contents of the counters of channel X. 13 and channel Y 14, respectively, into the register try channel X and channel Y 16 17, and sets the trigger 24 interrupts the registrar 3.Shema position receiver aperture 1

Optical radiation occurs similarly as in the case of a bright element of the observation space. In this way,

in this case, the integration of a single-electron one; pulse flow from the output of the receiver 1 optical radiation for a given fixed time interval. In the highest bit of the de reg register 12 the intensity of the radiant flux in this case will be recorded

zero. After the establishment of the trigger 24 interrupt in the channel of the computer 26, an interrupt request is received informing the processor of the computer 26 that the data on the intensity of the radiant flux is F.

for the i-ro element of the space of coordinates with coordinates X and Y, are at the inputs of the recorder. The process of the computer 26 stops the execution of the current program and sets a signal

The computer channel 26 is fed to the second input of the OR element 25 of the registrar 3 and to the input of the ROM 23 of the registrar 3. The interrupt trigger 24 is reset, and the ROM 23 sets to the computer channel 26 a code corresponding to the address of the RAM RAM cell 26 interrupts. Prin in from ROM 23 this address, computer 26

7.I

channel X 16 and channel Y 17. For this, processor 26 sequentially exposes to the channel the addresses assigned to number 4 above the registers. The address decoder 22 decrypts the set address and controls the multiplexer 21, which, according to the set address, connects the output of the polled register to the computer channel 26. The computer processor 26, having received all data from the registers, writes them to the computer RAM 26, and then returns control interrupted program. Since the intensity of the radiant flux F can be obtained in different ways, before writing it into RAM, the computer 26 can be converted to one type, the magnitude of the thresholds embedded in the first and second threshold devices 7 and 20, and the type of presentation depends on the specific conditions of application of the proposed devices, or perform secondary processing of the received data without converting the type of their representation, taking into account the value of the most significant bit of the radiation intensity code, and already the results, secondary processing of the data leads to view of the view. . The required sequence of transformations is selected from the specific conditions of use of the proposed device.

Thus, computer RAM 26 stores (fixes) triples of values Fj, X., Y. (, N), where N is the number of elements of the observation space, which represent the distribution of the radiant energy of the investigated non-stationary electric arc over the observation space. Sequentially browse all the N elements of this space, get an ensemble of distributions of the radiant energy of the electric arc, from which it is possible to determine the nonstationarity parameters of the studied arc and its averaged characteristics. All these operations are performed by the computer 26 in the intervals between the interruptions necessary for recording the current information in the computer memory 26.

The present invention allows to measure and record the distribution of the radiant energy of the investigated non-stationary electric arc according to the coordinates of the observation space; combined use of two methods

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recording the intensity of the radiant

the flux — for a fixed interval and upon reaching a fixed threshold — minimizes the total time 5 of recording the intensity of the entire field of radiation of an electric arc, which is fundamentally necessary in the study of non-stationary radiating fields that change their parameters over time; the use of electronic scanning for analyzing the observed space allows registering such fast processes, whose duration is limited to tenths and hundredths of a second, and it is easy to apply other laws of scanning the observed space, based on the statistical and semantic links of its elements; The use of a computer as part of the recorder allows, simultaneously with the procedure of fixing the distribution of the ambient energy in the observation space, to perform secondary and / or conventional processing of the obtained data in order to further study the unsteady electric arc.

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Claims (2)

1. A device for researching an unsteady electric arc containing an optical radiation receiver, an output amplifier and a recorder, characterized in that, in order to measure and record the distribution of the radiant energy of the investigated non-stationary electric arc over the observation space, a counter, two threshold devices are inserted into it, timer, switch, trigger mode, two elements OR, delay element, radiant flux intensity register, digital-to-analog converters of channels X and Y, counters of channels X and Y, and the output of the X channel counter is connected to the input of the Y channel counter, the X and Y channel registers and the trigger, control with the Q start and stop inputs, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first OR element and the second inputs of the X and Y channel counters, whose outputs respectively connected to the inputs of the 55 and digital-analogue converters of the X and Y channels, and the digital-to-analogue converters of the X and Y channels are connected to the corresponding inputs of the optical receiver radiation, the output of which is connected to the second input of the counter through the output amplifier, the first input of which is connected to the inputs of the transmitter, counters of the X-band, the trigger of the mode and the output of the first OR element, and the output of the counter is connected to the inputs of the switch and the first threshold device the mode trigger and the second OR element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second threshold device, and its output is connected through the delay element to the second input of the first OR element and directly to the corresponding The signals of the X and Y channel registers, the recorder and the radiant flux intensity register, the output of which is connected to the corresponding recorder input, and the input are connected to the switch output, the second input of which is connected to the mode trigger output, and the third input to the timer output and threshold , 91828 devices. ten GO 15 20 the outputs of the register channels X and Y are connected to the corresponding inputs of the recorder. 2. The device according to claim 1, that in which the recorder contains a multiplexer, an address defacer, a persistent storage device, an interrupt trigger, an OR element and a computer, a common bus channel that is connected to the output of a permanent storage device. , the multiplexer output, the address decoder input, the persistent storage input, the first and second inputs of the OR element, and the output of the interrupt trigger, the output of the OR element is connected to the first input of the interrupt trigger, the second input of which is stroke recorder, output address decoder connected to the first input of the multiplexer, the second, third and fourth inputs which are the inputs corresponding registrar. To tree i u k dla / su 5 FIG. five FIG. Fmg.4