SU1287213A1 - Device for recording parameters of machines - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for recording machine parameters relates to automation and computing devices and is intended to register aperiodic and steady-state values of electrical machine parameters in transient conditions. The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device and increase its informativeness about the state of the machine. The device contains sensors whose outputs are connected to the corresponding first inputs of the first group of keys and amplitude detectors. The outputs of the amplitude detectors are connected to the inputs of the maximum voltage selector, the first outputs of which are connected to the second (control) inputs of the keys. The outputs of the keys are connected to the inputs of the threshold elements of the first group, the outputs of which are connected to the first informational inputs of the first decoder and to the inputs of the OR element. The output of the OR element is connected via the first delay element to the first control input of the first decoder and to the input of the second delay element. The output of the second delay element is connected to the second control input of the first decoder. The second output of the Maximum Voltage selector is connected to the inputs of the threshold elements of the second group, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the second decoder 11. The outputs of the second decoder 11 are connected to the second information inputs of the first decoder. The outputs of the first decoder are connected to the information inputs of the first block of multiplexers, to the address inputs (of which the group of the first outputs of the maximum voltage selector 4 is connected. The outputs of the first block of the multiplexers are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first block of counters. The group of the first outputs of the maximum voltage selector connected to the first inputs of a group of elements AND- NOT, the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the second delay element, and the outputs to the first inputs of the elements AND and the inputs This is modulo 2, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of elements I. The output of the first element AND of the group is connected to the input of the first generator of pulses of the group.The outputs of the remaining elements of AND of the group are connected to the corresponding other generators of the pulses of the group, respectively, through groups of third delay elements. impulses are connected to the first (control) in air terminal C (L o 00

Description

I will give keys of the second group, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the respective sensors, and the outputs - with the combined input of the threshold elements of the third group. The outputs of the threshold elements of the third group are connected to the information inputs of the third decoder, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding information inputs of the second block of demultiplexers, the address inputs of which are connected to the outputs of drivers, pulses. The outputs of the second block of demultiplexers are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second block of meters. The output of the second delay element through the fourth delay element is connected to the second (control) inputs of the amplitude detectors, 1 slug.

one

The invention relates to automation and computing devices and is intended for recording aperiodic and steady-state values of parameters of electric machines in transient conditions.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device and increase its informativeness. In the drawing, a functional diagram of the device is shown.

The device contains sensors I p whose outputs are connected to the corresponding first inputs of the first group of keys 2.2 and amplitude detectors 3,.,., 3. The outputs of the amplitude detectors 3, ..., 3 are connected to the inputs of the maximum voltage selector 4, the first inputs of which are connected to the second (control) inputs of the keys 2. . . , 2 ,,, the outputs of the keys 2 ,,,,., 2 are connected to the inputs of the threshold elements 5 (, ..., 5 of the first group, the outputs of which are connected to the first information inputs of the first decoder 6 and to the inputs of the element OR 7, The output of the element OR 7 is connected via the first delay element 8 to the first control input of the first decoder 6 and to the input of the second delay element 9. The output of the delay element 9 is connected to the second control input of the first decoder 6. The second output of the maximum voltage selector 4 is connected to the inputs of the thresholds of the elements Yu, .., 1 0 group, you odes are connected to the data inputs of the second decoder 11, the decoder 11 outputs

connected to the second information inputs of the first decoder 6. Out

; , five

0

The first decoder 6 is connected to the information inputs of the first block of demultiplexers 12, to the address inputs of which a group of first outputs of the voltage selector 4 is connected. The outputs of the first block of demultiplexers 12 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first block 13 of the counters. The group of the first outputs of the maximum voltage selector 4 is connected to the first inputs of a group of elements 14 ,,. ,,, 14, AND-NOT, the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the second delay element 9, and the outputs to the first inputs of AND 15 ,, elements ..., 15 and with the inputs of the addition element 16 modulo 2, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of the AND elements 15,,. . . , I5f |, The output of the first element And (15,) from the group 15j, .. ,, 15f, is connected to the input of the first driver of the pulses (17,) from the group 17 ,,, .. 17, Outputs of the other elements (15.,. .., 15) are connected to the corresponding other pulse formers (17, ..., 17), respectively, through the third elements 1 8, ..., 18. The outputs of the pulse formers 17., ..., 17 are connected to the first ( control inputs of keys 1 9 ,. . ., 1 9, of the second group, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding sensors 1 (, ..., 1 h, and the outputs - with the common input of the threshold elements 20, ...,., 20 ((of the third group. The outputs of the threshold elements 20 ,, ..., 20 are connected to the information inputs of the third decoder 21, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding information inputs of the second block of demultiplexers 22, the address inputs

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which is connected to the outputs of the pulse shaper 17j ,, .., 17. The outputs of the second block of demultiplexers 22 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second block of counters 23, the output of the second delay element 9 is connected through a quarter delay element 24 to the second (control) inputs of the amplitude detectors 3 (..., 3. The first 6, second 11 and third 21

i-encoders are made, respectively, on the elements AND-NOT 25i,, ...,

26, ..., 26 and 27 (27k.

The device works as follows.

When starting the machine, the monitored parameters are sensed by sensors 1 ,, ..., 1, and from the outputs they are fed to the inputs of keys 2, ..., 2n of the first and 19), ..., 19s of the second group, as well as to the amplitude detector group 3 | , ..., 3. In this case, each ampli- tude detector 3j stores and stores the maximum amplitude (for the first half period) of the output signal from 1, the sensor. The signals from the outputs of the amplitude detectors 3,, ..., 3 are fed to the input buses of the maximum voltage selector 4, a possible variant of which is given in (1). At its second output, connected to the inputs of the threshold elements of the second group 10 ,, ..., 10, a signal equal to the maximum of all the compared signals at its inputs appears. Thus, the maximum value of the signal from the sensors, which will correspond to the maximum aperiodic amplitude of the parameter, for example, the vibration of the stator winding rods in the transient starting mode, is applied to the input of the threshold elements 10 ,,... This amplitude value is sensed by one of the sensors. An erasure of those threshold elements 10 ,, ..., lOfn occurs, the setting of which is less than the signal from the output of the selector 4. In this case, only one AND-NE element (26) of the second decoder 11, corresponding to the triggered threshold element 10, triggers setting which will give a blocking signal to

Other elements AND-NOT (26 m-Q) decoder 11. In this case, the Q-m output

 The second decoder 11 appears a signal characterizing the level of the maximum aperiodic value

13 -4

parameter. On the second (control) inputs of keys 2,,. . . , 2, made according to the circuit of analog switches with control from the levels of the logic element, from the first indication outputs of the selector of the maximum Voltage 4 a signal is given (in the form of a positive voltage on one of the outputs). The voltages on all the other first outputs are zero, so that one of the keys 2, which is connected to the output of the sensor with the highest signal perceived by it for the first half period, will open. In this way,

switching one of the keys 2,, 2

the first group allows you to connect to the combined input of the threshold elements 54, ..., 5k of the first group the output of the sensor, the signal from which was selected as the maximum selector 4, The threshold elements 5., ..., 5 are triggered: -first groups whose setting is less than the signal from the sensor. This leads to the triggering of the element OR 7, which triggers the first delay element 8. The signals from the outputs of the triggered threshold elements of the first group 5j ,, .., 5 arrive at the first information inputs of the first decoder 6, the second information inputs of which have an output from the second decoder 11. After the end of the delay from the first delay element 8, which is taken to be equal to the constant attenuation of the aperiodic component of the transient start mode, one AND-NOT element (25, A) of the first decipher operates torus 6 corresponding to the triggered threshold element 10 of the second group with the highest setting, as well as the triggered threshold element 59k of the first group with the highest setting. The operation of a single element AND-NOT (25-5, TU) of the decoder 6 results in a blocking signal from its output to the other elements AND-NOT (259, k) - (, x) of the decoder 6. Thus, at the time of the expiration of the delay element 8 a signal appears at the output of the decoder 6 (output of the AND-HE element 25J, c)) —the identifier of the maximum aperiodic process of changing the monitored parameter, namely: changing the parameter from —and aperiodic amplitude to D —and steady-state amplitude, for each machine start . At the same time, to implement

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an accurate assessment of the value of the developed resource for individual, one-type control elements of the machine on which the sensors are located, it is also necessary to identify the output signal from the decoder 6 by belonging to the sensor that recorded the maximum aperiodic nature of the change in the parameter. Such identification is performed using the first demultiplexer 12, the information inputs of which receive a signal from the IS-NOT element 25, the decoder 6, and the address inputs include the nepaie inputs of the selector 4. The first block of demultiplexers 12 will distribute the status signals decoder 6 according to the corresponding counters of the first block of counters 13 .. A serial decoder can be used as a demultiplexer, in this case the address inputs can be: the input circuits of the decoder except for one, which will be formational entrance. The address inputs (circuits. Signal samples) of the demultiplexers of block 12 allow the binary code to be addressed to the number of output lines and connect the information input to the selected and one input lines. The occurrence at each start of the machine at one of the first outputs of the selector signal D causes the state of this group: the outputs to be characterized by a binary 1m input, according to which the input signal of the demultiplexer is switched on the output. To build demultiplexers with a large number of address inputs, determined by the number of sensors, you can re-create an additional code before submitting it to the address inputs using intermediate address decoders. In case of occurrence of a signal at the output of the element NAND

(25-3, l) according to the measurement results of the monitored parameter by the sensor 1; the demultiplexer 12, D from the first block of demultiplexers 12 will switch this signal to the input of the counter 3Q, g of the first block of counters 13. Thus, each time the machine starts, the content of any counter 13-) X in the first block of counters 13 increases. The index of the counter 139, jv is determined by the code on the address inputs of the demultiplexer 12,), i.e. by the presence of a postive-stranded strain on one of

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the first outputs of the selector 4, corresponding to the sensor to the sensed maximum aperiodic process of parameter change. The contents of the remaining counters of the first block of counters remain unchanged.

The delay time of the second delay element 9 is chosen equal to the recording time in the counters of the first block 13, which allows gating the operation of the decoder 6. After the recording of the pulse in the selected counter of the block 13 is completed, the quantity of 9 aperiodic amplitudes I7-X of the parameter amplitudes having aperiodic damped changes with the ith value, and recorded with the ith sensor, it is necessary to measure and record the established values of the parameters from the other sensors. The importance of knowing the levels of these parameters is determined by the task of diagnosing the controllable:} from the elements of the machines. To this end, the first outputs of the selector 4 are connected to the first inputs of the elements AND

14, the second inputs of which.

a signal is transmitted from the second delay element 9. Since the amplitude detectors 3, ..., 3d, store the maximum values of the parameters perceived by the sensors in the first half of the transient start process, the state of the first outputs of the selector 4, after being written to the corresponding counter of block 13, does not change. Then, at the output of the element IS-HE 14i (; the signal will be absent, while at the outputs of the remaining elements of IS-NOT a signal appears, which is explained by the presence of a positive voltage selector 4 on the i-th of the first outputs. Element 16 modulo 2 prevents the device from working without starting. When the machine is stationary, element 16 controls evenness (for an odd number) of sensors. +1, where, 2 ,, .., 1, or for oddness (when even number of sensors n 2f). In the starting mode of the machine, after aperiod decay There is no signal at the output of one of the elements of the IS-NOT 14j signal, therefore, regardless of the function performed to check for parity or oddness at the output,

Addendum 16 modulo 2 signal appears. As a result, at the output of element 15, the signal will be absent, and at the outputs of other elements at 15p. A signal appears. The measurement of the parameters from (n-l) sensors is based on the priority of the sequence number of the sensor. For example, during the start-up of the machine, the maximum value of the apeg-dical parameter measurement was recorded by sensor 1,. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the installation parameters of parameters from other (n-l) sensors. At the output of element 15, the signal is absent, which leads to the fact that pulse generator 17 does not start and therefore key 19f is not opened. Thus, the signal from sensor 1 is excluded from the measurement by the amplitude of the established value, since it was already estimated by the maximum aperiodic and steady-state amplitude earlier. On the contrary, the signals from the outputs of the working elements And 15 ", ..., 15g, will be sent to the corresponding elements 18 | ,. .., 18 ", delays whose delay time is selected as follows

,,

8 | ri

t., Q + t

18

18,

(pM

, ,eight. + Bf „,

where t (pM is the pulse intensity of the pulse generator circuit. As a result of a successive set of time delays by elements 18 /

18fl,, pulse formers 17j, ..., generate a single pulse of duration t, that allows you to alternately open the keys 19j, ..., 19n and measure the established values of parameters from (n-l) sensors. Similarly to the above example, the keys are connected in the case of a different state of the outputs of the And 15, ..., 15 elements, i.e. in the case when the maximum of parameters is sensed by an i-M sensor. The connection priority is determined by the delay of the elements 18 ,,. .., 18,, the first sensor has the highest priority, which is explained by the absence of a delay element at the output of the AND 15 I element.

After opening one of the keys 19 ,, ..., 19 ", for example 19j, the signal from the sensor Ij is fed to the inputs of the POR872

5, - 20

thirty

35

50 55

13 8 gov elements 20 (, ..., 20k of the third group. Those threshold elements are triggered, the set of which is smaller than the signal size from the sensor. In this case, only one AND-NE element (27p) of the third decoder 21, corresponding to the triggered the 20 q threshold element, with the largest setting that supplies the blocking

the signal to the other elements of the IS-NOT () decoder 21. The signal that appeared at the output of the element IS-NOT (27a) of the decoder 21 is distributed by the demultiplexer 22 from the second block of demultiplexers 22 across the counter 230 of the second block of counters 23, numbers which correspond to the sensor number from which the signal is evaluated, for example, 23; . The selection of the corresponding counter of the second block of counters 23 is made on the basis of the code at the address inputs of the demultiplexers 22 ,,, .., 22j. from the second block 22. The address code is determined by the presence of a pulse at the output of one of the pulse formers 17j, ..., 17. The priority estimate for the amplitude of the established parameters of the transient mode provides for some time separation, and the total amplitude sampling time (t8) of the parameters will be determined by (n-l) t (p ,, t9. This method of spacing in the measurement process of pairs, meters has an error, since the steady-state starting process of different electric motors has an average duration of 5–15 s, and the pulse time tm is many times less than the specified start-up duration. no parameter is observed with respect to its initial value.

To reset the amplitude detectors after completing the estimates of the established parameters on the remaining sensors, the output of the fourth delay element 24 with a delay time t9 is connected to the second (control) inputs of the amplitude detectors 3, ... 3. machines during subsequent launches.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for registering machine parameters, containing the first block of meters and sensors according to the number of monitored parameters, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first group of keys and amplitude detectors, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the maximum voltage selector, the first outputs of which are connected to the corresponding second the inputs of the first group of keys, the outputs of which are combined and connected to the inputs of the threshold elements of the first group, the output of which is connected to the first information inputs of the first d the encoder and the input element OR, the output of which through the first delay element is connected to the first control input of the first decoder and to the input of the second delay element whose output is connected to the second control input of the first decoder, the second output of the maximum voltage selector the second group, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the second decoder, the outputs of which are connected to the second information inputs of the first decoder, characterized by the type of To increase the accuracy of the device and, by increasing its information content, a second group of keys, a group of NAND elements, a group of elements AND, a group of pulse shapers, a third group of threshold elements, a third decoder, an element of modulo 2, a group of third elements of the delay, the first and second blocks of de-multiplexors, the fourth element five 2 0 five 0 five 0 310 delays and the second block of counters, the first outputs of the maximum voltage selector are connected to the first inputs of a group of NAND elements, the second the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the second delay element, the outputs of the group of elements AND-NOT are connected to the first inputs of the group of elements AND, the output of the first element AND of this group is connected to the input of the first pulse shaper of the group of pulse formers, the outputs of the remaining elements AND of the group of elements AND are connected to the corresponding the remaining pulse formers of the group of pulse formers through the third delay elements, the output of the group of pulse formers are connected to the address inputs of the second block of demultipliers the lexors and the first inputs of the second, i group of keys, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the respective sensors, and the outputs of the group of terminals are combined and connected to the inputs of the third group of threshold elements, the outputs of which are connected via the third decoder to the information inputs of the second block of demultiplexers whose outputs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second block of counters, the outputs of the first decoder are connected to the information inputs of the first block of demultiplexers, to the address inputs of which the first are connected the outputs of the maximum voltage selector, the outputs of the first block of the demultiplexer are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first block of counters, the output of the second delay element through the fourth delay element is connected to the second inputs of the amplitude detectors.