SU1278730A1 - Accelerometer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used to measure the acceleration of moving objects. Dp increase the sensitivity of the cylindrical part of the camera body 1 is made of transparent 3 and opaque 4 parts. At the transparent part 3 there is an optical system 16, consisting of flat mirrors 17 and 18, mounted at an angle and facing mirror surfaces to each other, as well as a parabolic reflector 19. Light beam B from the diaphragm (L 26

Description

12 we 6, having passed through the transparent parts of the ends 6, 8 of the chamber 1 and the float 7 and having reflected from the tapered reflector 13 through the slit annular diaphragm 10, hits the mirror surface 5 of the chamber 1. After multiple reflection from the mirror surfaces 5 and 9 of the housing and the float enters through the transparent part 3 of housing 1 and the optical system 16 into the additional coordinate-sensing receiver 20. The second beam A from the diaphragm 15 leaves the housing 1 in a similar way onto one of the light guides 22 of the coordinate-sensitive photodetector 21. Under the action of acceleration, the float 7 moves along the axis of rotation causing the light rays to move, with beam B from the optical system 16 completely passing the entire measuring scale of receiver 20, while beam A will move by one division of the scale of receiver 21 equal to the distance between the ends of 23 adjacent fibers 22. 2 ill.

one

The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used to measure the acceleration of moving objects.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the sensitivity.

Figure 1 presents the scheme of the proposed device; Figure 2 is a beam path in the optical system.

The device comprises a hermetic cylindrical chamber 1 filled with a transparent liquid 2, the cylindrical part of chamber 1 is made of a composite of transparent 3 and opaque And parts, and the inner cylindrical surface 5 of the opaque part 4 is mirror-like, and the end 6 of chamber 1, adjacent to the opaque part 4, is made transparent. Inside the chamber 1 there is a float 7, made in the form of a hollow hermetic cylinder, one of the ends 8 of which is made transparent, and the outer cylindrical surface 9 is made mirror-like and provided with two slit ring diaphragms 10 and 11

Inside the float 7 are placed conical reflectors 12 and 13, mounted coaxially with the float 7, and the reflector 13, conjugated with the transparent end wall 8, is made in the form of a ring. The light source 14 is provided with a circular annular diaphragm 15 and 16, optically interacting respectively with the tapered reflectors 12 and 13. The reflector 13 through the slit aperture 10, the mirror surfaces 5 and 9 and the transparent part 3 of the camera 1 is optically coupled to the optical system 16, consisting of flat mirrors 17 and 18, turned by zerg cal surfaces to each other and turned relative to each other by angle V, parabolic reflector 19, installed so that f its focus is located on the surface of mirror 17, and the parabolic reflection The barrel 19 is provided with a flat mirror 18 and optically interacts with the mirror surface 9 of the float 7.

The accelerometer also includes two coordinate-sensitive photodetectors 20 and 21, one of which optically interacts with the optical system 16 and the other with a conical reflector 12 of the float 7. The coordinate-sensitive photoreceivers 20 and 21 are made in the form of a fiber-optic device containing many flexible light guides 22, the input ends 23 of which are laid in the form of a ruler, and the output 24 - in the form of a code corresponding to, for example, binary code. The output ends 24 optically interact with the photodetectors 25, which are electrically connected with the recorder 26.

The accelerometer works as follows.

Camera 1 is rotated at a constant circular velocity with

with the help of an auxiliary engine (not shown), under the action of the centrifugal forces generated during rotation of the fluid, 7, the float 7 is installed along the symmetry axis of the cylindrical chamber 1. Under the action of acceleration, the float 7 moves along the axis of rotation. In this case, the displacement of the floating 7 is proportional to the integral in time of the measured acceleration. The movement of the float 7 is recorded by transmitting light rays from the light source 14 to the inputs of the coordinate-sensitive photodetectors 20 and 21. This is done as follows.

With the passage of the light flux from the source of light 14 through the diaphragms 15 and 16, two light beams (A and B) are formed. The beam A from the diaphragm 15, passing through the transparent end walls 6 and 8 of the chamber 1 and the float 7, enters the cone mirror reflector 12, is reflected from it and, after passing through the slit ring aperture 11 and the transparent part 3 of the chamber 1, falls on one of the entrance the ends 23 of the light guides 22 of the coordinate-sensitive photodetector 21 and informs about the position of the float 7. The beam B from the diaphragm 16, having passed through the transparent end walls 6 and 8, enters the conical reflector 13, is reflected from it and, having passed through the slit annular diaphragm 10, falls under a given angle c6 on the mirror surface 5 of camera 1, reflected from which it arrives on the mirror surface 9 step 7. Repeatedly reflected from the mirror surfaces 5 and 9, beam B reaches the boundary between the transparent 3 and the opaque 4 parts of camera 1 and passing through the transparent part 3, enters the optical system 16. Reflected from the parabolic mirror 19, the beam B gets at an angle S, at the point F on the surface of the flat mirror 17, which is the focus of the parabolic mirror 19 for all the rays incident on it parallel to the beam V. M Having repeatedly reflected from mirrors 18 and 17, beam B hits the coordinate-sensitive receiver 20.

With a certain ratio of geometric parameters

about, h, l,, ly, y, s,

where (y; is the angle of reflection of the light beam from the mirror surfaces 5 and 9;

h is the distance between the points of reflection of the light beam on surfaces 5, 9 and the maximum possible movement of the light beam from position B to B along the surface of the parabolic mirror 19;

About L J and L - the size of the mirrors 17 and 18;

Y is the angle of rotation of the mirrors 17 and 18;

S is the minimum distance between the mirrors 17 and 18,

it can be achieved that the light beam at the exit of the optical system 16 completely passes through the entire measuring scale of the coordinate-sensitive photo0 of the receiver 20, i.e. moves from position B to position B, while beam A moves one division of the scale of the coordinate-sensitive receiver 21, equal to the distance between the ends of 23 adjacent fibers 22, i.e. the measurement accuracy will not be determined by the distance H between the ends of the 23 adjacent fibers 22, but by the value H / Nj, where N

the number of light guides 22 in the coordinate-sensitive receiver 20.

This follows from the following (figure 2). By varying the angle, one can achieve that

five . When moving the float 7, which is the result of acceleration, the light beam reflected from the mirror surface 9 can move along the surface of the parabolic reflector 19 to the maximum distance h, i.e. from position B to move to position B, which leads to a change in the angle of incidence of the light beam to point F from magnitude 9 to

5 02- With multiple reflection, the initial angle 6 | and the corresponding dimensions L, L and S, the beam at the exit of the optical system 16 will occupy the position B at the beginning of the scale of the coordinate0 sensitive photodetector 20. At the initial angle of 62 geometrical parameters, the beam at the exit of the optical system 16 will take the position B, beam moving B;

5 at the entrance to the optical system 16 on the value of will lead to the movement of the beam at the exit of the optical system for the entire length of the coordinate-sensitive photodetector 20.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula An accelerometer containing a light source and an airtight cylindrical chamber filled with a transparent liquid, made rotatable and having a transparent face wall and a cylindrical surface. The wok inside the camera, one of the ends of which is optically coupled to the light source through the transparent end wall of the camera, as well as a coordinate-sensitive photodetector made in the form of a fiber-optic encoding device with flexible light guides, whose input ends are arranged in the form of a ruler. , and weekends - in accordance with a given code, exc and. whosoever. five 0 five  that, in order to increase the sensitivity, an additional coordinate-sensitive photodetector and optical system in the form of a parabolic and two flat mirrors are installed at an angle and facing mirror surfaces to each other, while the additional coordinate-sensitive photodetector is optically matched with the optical system , the focus of a parabolic mirror is located on the mirror surface of one of the flat parallel mirrors and is optically matched to the outer cylindrical surface The float is mirrored with two annular slit diaphragms, with cone reflectors coaxially with the float inside the float on opposite ends, and the cylindrical part of the camera body is made with transparent and opaque parts, and the opaque part is made with an inner mirror surface. 2Q at, Fmg, .2 VNIIPI Order 6828/41 Circulation 778 Subscription Proizv.-polyr. pr-tie, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4