SU1270595A1 - Measuring device for balancing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a balancing technique. The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the imbalance by automating the decomposition of the unbalance vector into components. The signal from the vibration sensor 1 is filtered in the filtering circuit 2 and fed to the input of the recorder 13 unbalance values, which establish the need for correction, and through the attenuator 14 and phase detectors 32 and 33 enters the unbalance components 34 and 35, which determine the amount of the corrective mass on x, allowed for correction,. The output signals of phase decoders 32 and 33 use output signals from counters 31 and 30 Johnson, (O 1 (L position of the correction axes during balancing is controlled by the recorder 36 and 37 and phase 4 yl. tc vj ate (. eaten

Description

The invention relates to a balancing technique and can be used in balancing machines and automatic machines when balancing rotors in an oblique coordinate system, for example impellers of fans, with the number of axes allowed for correction, more than 3,. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of imbalance due to automatization of decomposition. unbalance vectors for components. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device; in fig. 2 vector diagram; in fig. 3 is a time diagram according to the vector diagram, explaining the principle of measurement of the components of the imbalance; in fig. 4 - time diagrams; grams explaining the operation of the main elements of the device. The measuring device to the baht-pan is equipped with a vibration sensor 1, an unbalance filtering circuit 2 made in the form of two successive chains including each phase detector 3 (4 block 5 (6j memory and amplitude modulator tor 7 (8) connected to the output Amplitude moduli modulators 7 and 8, sum of torus 9, lower filter 10, frequencies whose input is connected; with output of sum mator 9, third and fourth phase detectors II and 12, whose elevations are connected to the second PHS inputs of the first and second phase detectors 3 and 4 connected to in the output of the low-pass filter Yu is an imbalance recorder 13, an attenuator 14 and a driver 15, a phase sensor 16, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the third and fourth phase detectors 11 and 12, a carrier frequency generator 17, made in the form of series-connected pulse generator 18, a splitter 19 and an additional counter 20 Johnson, the first output of which is connected to the connected meldu is the first input of the phase sensor I6 and the second inputs of the third phase detector 11 and the first amplitude modulator 7, and secondly, with interconnected second inputs of phase sensor 16, fourth phase detector 12, and second amplitude modulator B, serially connected one-oscillator 21, whose input is connected to the second output of additional Johnson counter 20, shortening the chain 22, connected by H input counter 23 trigger 24, the D input of which is connected to the output of the driver 15, the second shortening chain 25 and the second counter 26 connected by the R input, the C input of which is connected to the input of the first counter 23 and the output of the pulse generator 18, c a photo comparator 27 associated with the first output of the second counter 26, the first and second programmers 28 and 29, associated respectively with the 8c input of the first counter 23 and the second input of the digital comparator 27, the first and second Johnson counters 30 and 31, R inputs which are interconnected, and with the R-input of the second counter 26, and the C-inputs, respectively, with the second output of the second counter 26 and the output of the digital comparator 27, the fifth and sixth phase detectors 32 and 33, the first inputs of which are connected to the attenuator output 14 , and the second inputs - respectively with the first The outputs of the second 31 and first 30 Johnson counters, the first and second recorders 34 and 35 of the unbalance components associated respectively with the outputs of the fifth and sixth phase detectors 32 and 33 and the first and second phase recorders 36 and 37, the first inputs of which are connected to the output of the sensor 16 phase, and the second respectively with the second outputs of the first and second counters 30 and 31 Johnson. The device work €; t as follows. Measurement of the unbalance components along the axis of the rotor, allowed for correction and forming the coordinate system that is axial with central symmetry, is based on the phase detection of the unbalance signal filtered and transmitted to the carrier frequency tJ. In the vector diagram shown in FIG. 2, D denotes the unbalance vector, and D and Dg are the component imbalances in the K-axial coordinate system (as an example in FIG. 2, the 5-axial coordinate system is shown) formed allowed to correct the axis r-sh on the rotor, and through RD and RC, the projections of the vector D on the axis, perpendicular to the corresponding DB and DI. The axes allowed on the rotor for correction are indicated in FIG. 2 by the symbols K1, K 2, K3, K4, K5, and the angle between them is {D ,. Cheree is Mr. M, 1. 1 of FIG. 2, the axes of the auxiliary rectangular coordinate systems, which correspond to the electrical signals of the carrier frequency liD generated in the device, shown in FIG. 3 in the form of time diagrams. The axis vector diagram in FIG. 2 correspond to the positive impulses in the timing diagrams in FIG. .3. The numbers at the beginning of each and the ordinate axes of the time diagrams shown in FIG. 3 and 4, indicate the number of the element of the structural scheme, the output signal of which is shown in the corresponding diagram. In the eighth diagram from above, FIG. 4, the ordinate axis counts the fill amount of counter 26 in decimal code. The filtering of the unbalance signal produced by the output of the vibration sensor 1 during the rotation of a balanced rotor (not shown) with a frequency and implemented by the circuit 2 of the imbalance signal. L of this signal fc of the vibration sensor 1 is fed to the inputs of the first and second phase detectors 3 and 4, to the control (second) inputs of which are applied orthogonal signals of the frequency Y, produced by the phase detectors 11 and 12. These signals forming the measuring rectangular system coordinates are formed in the process of multiplication in phase detectors 11 and 12 of the output signal of the 16-phase sensor, whose frequency is equal to ± 5, and orthogonal signals of the carrier frequency O. To provide a phase shifter mode, the rotary transformer used as the phase sensor 16 is powered by orthogonal (if the phase sensor is used selsyn, then three-phase) signals, which are generated by the generator 17 of the carrier frequency. A shift of 90 ° between the output signals of the generator 17 of the carrier frequency is provided by a 2-bit Johnson counter 20 switched on at its output, to the counting 595. 4 input which receives pulses from the divider frequency 19. The conversion factor of frequency divider 19 is chosen so that (taking into account the conversion factor of Johnson's counter 20, equal to 4), the ratio of the frequencies of the output signals of the pulse generator 18 and the carrier frequency generator 17 has a value that is the least common multiple for the number of axes K of all coordinate systems used, and provided the necessary discreteness for shifting the second auxiliary coordinate system X, 2 by an angle (90 ° -a) with a given accuracy, when the proposed device is executed, this ratio is 360, which allows is to measure the components in a coordinate system with the number of axes K, allowed for correction: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, etc. The constant voltages U and Uy, proportional to the projections of the unbalance vector in the rectangular measuring coordinate system, from the outputs of phase detectors 3 and 4 are fed to the inputs of memory blocks 5 and 6. After the measurement is completed (at an interval of time sufficient to establish transients in the low-pass filters included in phase detectors 3 and 4), memory blocks 5 and 6 are switched (by control inputs, not indicated) into the storage storage and rotation of the balanced the rotor is terminated. In this case, the voltages corresponding to the projections of the unbalance vector in the rectangular coordinate system XY are fixed on the inputs of blocks 5 and 6 of the pag-pin. These voltages are applied to the information (first) inputs of the amplitude modulators 7 and 8, the control (second) inputs of which receive orthogonal pulses from the generator 17 of the carrier frequency. At the outputs of modulators. 7 and 8, signals are generated whose fundamental harmonics are proportional to the projections U and U.,. The vector sum of these signals from the output of the adder 9 is fed to the harmonic filter 10. A sinusoidal signal at the output of the low-pass filter 10 is an analogue on the carrier frequency O of an unbalance signal filtered from a signal. The amplitude and phase of this signal carry information about the value and phase of the unbalance vector. The unbalance value recorder 13 is assigned to indicate the unbalance value and to transform the unbalance value to a discrete form when automating the balancing process. From the vector diagram5 shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen that to determine the DB and Dg components, the unbalance vector, it is necessary to measure its projections Pd and Pb on the auxiliary axes, perpendicular to the components B and Dg, Projections Pd and Pg are related to the components D and D : e-iin5-P in a five-axis coordinate system, for example, 72, a-g-- 1,051. In order to obtain the components D and IL, the unbalance signal converted to the carrier frequency is through attenuator 1 taking the coefficient into account. arrives at the information (first) input of phase detectors 32 and 33. On their control (second) inputs are rectangular pulses, the phase of which ensures the formation of output No. 1x voltages proportional to the projections P and PJ and, accordingly, constitute DB and D unbalance vectors The reference signals Xj and Xj (diagrams 1 and 31/1 and 30/4 in Fig. 3) are given for the case when the sample and storage device is used as phase detectors 32 and 33. At the same time, the phases of their positive differences (they correspond to the moments of the signal sampling) on the time diagrams correspond to the axes m) d and X of the vector diagram in FIG. 2. (using as phase detectors 32 and 33 synchronous key detectors, the phase of the reference signals must be shifted by 90 ° C). The constant voltages, are proportional to the DB and B components of the vector / unbalance, with the outputs of the phase detectors 32 and 33 being fed to the register. The tori 34 and 35 are components of an imbalance to indicate and convert to discrete form during the automation and balancing process. Dp finding components Dp, and B on the balanced rotor to the first inputs of the recorders 36 and 37 phase receives the signal of the angular position from the output of the sensor 16 phase, which is a sinusoidal signal of the carrier frequency. The second inputs of the phase recorders 36 and 37 are supplied by the incident signals X and Y, the positive phase of which corresponds to the components D and Dp. The search for components B and B on the rotor is performed by rotating the boosted rotor (rigidly connected to the sensor 16 of the phase) until the phases of the signals at the inputs of the recorders 36 and 37 of the phase coincide (alternately). Consider the process of generating reference signals, 2. 2 X. To assign the current vector to the axes on the balanced rotor, allowed for correction, the counter 23 forms the CRC signal (see diagram 19 in FIG. 4), which is an electrical analog of these axes (Fig. 2, axis K1-K5). The signal KU) represents square pulses, the number of which for the period of the carrier frequency and) is equal to the number of axes K. The pulses are generated by counting 23 output pulses of the pulse generator 18 by the counter. The conversion factor n of the counter 23 is set on B (-input (the preset input of the counter is in the state corresponding to the number n) by the programmer 28 and is chosen to be equal when the number of axes is K5, coefficient ), is set by synchronization on the R-input of the counter by 23 pulses generated by the shortening chain 22 of. negative fluctuations of the output signal of the one-shot 21. The duration of the output pulses of the one-shot 21 sets the signal shift angle of HanaKtO relative to one of the axes of this coordinate system (for example, at the output O of the carrier frequency generator 17) and is determined by calculation or during adjustment. The definition of two of the K axes on which the DB and B components, the imbalance (K and K in Fig. 2) lie, begins with the appearance of one of them, located to the right (clockwise) of the disbalance vector, This operation is performed by the rigger 24, on the C-input of which the signal ku comes, and on the D-input - output pulses of the driver 15. The positive drops of these pulses correspond to the angular position of the unbalance vector.

To simplify the design, the driver 15, consisting, for example, of a 90 ° phase shifter and a null comparator, can be made 90 ° without a phase shifter, with its output pulses being offset by 90 ° relative to the imbalance angle, which is taken into account when tuning by rotation at the same angle signals). Positive drops in the pulses that occur at the output of the trigger 24 correspond to the axis. The shortening chain 25 converts these drops into short pulses, which serve to synchronize the second counter 26 and the second and third two-bit counters 30 and 31 Johnson, which provide the formation of the first auxiliary rectangular coordinate system, whose X axis coincides with the database component and the second one the Y axis of which coincides with component D (in Fig. 2, these components are located on the rotor axes, permitted for corrections, K2 and K1). For their formation, pulses from a pulse generator 18 are received at the counting input of the counter 26. The recalculation coefficient of the counter 26 is chosen equal to the coefficient of the frequency divider 19, which is in. in this example, the device is set to 90. On the second output of the counter 26, when it is filled (on the 90th counting pulse), positive le-repades are generated, which clock the Johnson counter 30 four times per frequency period. As a result, at each of the four outputs of Johnson's counter 30 — rectangular pulses of the square frequency type are generated), the phase of which corresponds to the axes (see Fig. 2). Digital comparator 27 compares the current state of counter 26 with the code specified by the programmer 29. At times of equality of codes (4 times per period of frequency), the output of the digital compatator 27 produces positive drops that clock the Johnson counter 31 with a delay at an angle of 90 ° —Y, set by the programmer 29. As a result, Johnson’s counter 31 is produced at each of the four outputs

signals of auxiliary coordinate system Xs Y2 Output signals X.2 and Y, counters 30 and 31. Johnson is used as a reference for phase detectors 32 and 33,

which produce constant stresses proportional to the components DJ and Dg. Signals and V are used in dp to find components Bd x on a balanced rotor.

five

Thus, the balancing of the rotor using this device is carried out in the following sequence: include the measuring rotation, through the required

0, the time interval (5-10 s) rotation is turned off and the device is transferred to the information storage mode, while the recorder 13 unbalance values allows you to evaluate the need for correcting the unbalance (comparing the unbalance values with the value allowed for this rotor), and recorders 34 and 35 are imbalances are used to determine the magnitude of the corrective mass to be eliminated or introduced (depending on the correction method chosen) for each of the two imbalance components on the axes allowed for

5 correction. Rotating the rotor (manually or automatically), find these axes (axes of correction) on the rotor, controlled by their recorders phase 36 and 37.

0

The measuring device to the balancing machine provides for an increase in the balancing accuracy of rotors with a limited number of axes,

5 solutions for correction, due to the automatic decomposition of the unbalance vector into components without operator intervention.

In addition, it is possible to quickly reorganize the device by switching the programmers and setting the required attenuator transfer ratio when changing the axes on the rotor,

Claims (1)

5 allowed for correction, which leads to an increase in productivity and expansion of the technological capability of the device. The invention The measuring device to the balancing machine, containing a vibration sensor, connected to its output two successive chains, including each phase detector, memory unit and amplitude modulator, phase sensor the third and fourth phase detectors connected to its output, whose outputs are connected to the second inputs of the first and second phase detectors, respectively, the sum a torus whose inputs are connected to the outputs of the amplitude modulators, an unbalance value recorder and a carrier frequency generator, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the phase sensor and the second inputs of the third phase detector and the first amplitude modulator connected to each other, and the second output to the connected between the second inputs of the phase sensor, the fourth phase detector, and the second amplitude modulator, characterized in that, in order to ensure the accuracy of determining the imbalance, it is equipped with a filter for the lower hours the one whose input is connected to the output of the adder, connected to the output of the filter of the net frequencies and to the input of the recorder of the unbalance value by the attenuator and driver, the fifth and sixth phase detectors, the first inputs of which are connected to the output of the attenuator, the first and second recorders of the component unbalance, the inputs of which connected respectively to the outputs of the fifth and sixth phase detectors connected in series by a single vibrator, the input of which is connected to the second output of a carrier frequency generator, I shorten the first a chain connected to the R input by a first counter connected by a C input by a trigger, the D input of which is connected to the driver output, a second shortening chain and a second counter connected by the R input, a digital comparator connected to the first output of the second counter, the first and second programmers associated respectively with E, the input of the first counter and the second input of the digital comparator, the first and second Johnson counters, the H inputs of which are interconnected and the R input of the second counter, the C inputs of respectively the sec the output of the second counter and the output of the digital comparator, and the first outputs, respectively, with the second inputs of the sixth and fifth phase detectors, and the first and second phase recorders, the first inputs of which are connected to the output of the phase sensor, and the second Johnson counters, and the generator of the carrier frequency is made in the form of a series-connected pulse generator, whose transducer is connected to the C-inputs of the first and second divider, frequency and counters a. X /