SU938163A1 - Quasi-equilibrium detector - Google Patents

Description

(5) QUASI-EQUILIBRIUM DETECTOR

one

The invention relates to electrical measuring equipment and can be used in devices for tolerance control of complex value parameters, bridges and alternators of alternating current.

A quasi-equilibrium detector is known, containing two matching units, the outputs of which, respectively, through the first and second full-wave directors are connected to the corresponding inputs of the subtracting unit, the output of which is connected to the integrator signal input and connected to the signal input of the comparator unit, and yn-jj integrator inputs and Comparison unit. Output time of master unit 1 is connected to the output.

This device compares the modules of two harmonic signals of the same-to-20 frequency, but does not allow comparing the in-phase and square components of these signals separately. In addition, the signal at the detector output has an analog form, which requires additional analog-digital conversion in the case of extrapolating formation of regulatory influences in the measuring circuit.

Claims (2)

A device is known for separately measuring the parameters of complex values, comprising a sinusoidal voltage generator, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively via a pulse shaper to one of the control inputs of the key and through a primary measuring converter to one of the inputs of the zero-body whose output is connected to to the second level, the main key input, the pulse generator is connected via a key to a ring pulse counter, the first output of which is through a compensating voltage generator and connected to the second input of the zero-organ, and the second output is connected to the input of the digital indicator 21. In a known device, the compensating voltage generator is started again in each balancing cycle. The measured component will be proportional to the time interval from the beginning of the last sweep to b, the face of the highest extremum of the reference signal. As a result, the measurement time can be from one to hundreds of periods of the measured voltage and depends on its amplitude, phase angle, and the error resulting from incomplete balancing. The purpose of the invention is to improve the speed and enhance the functionality of the device. This is achieved by the fact that a quasi-equilibrium detector containing a pulse shaper, whose input and output are connected respectively to the first quasi-equilibrium detector input and to the control key input, is a compensating voltage generator, the output of which is connected to one of the zero-organ inputs, and a counter, additionally, a second sinusoidal voltage generator, a quadrant determination unit, an amplitude transducer and a decoder are introduced, with the first input of the quadrant determination unit connected to the signal input of the the pulse pulse and the amplitude converter and the key are with the signal input of the compensating voltage generator, and the output is connected to the control input of the pulse former, the second and third outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the decoder, respectively, and the fourth output is connected to the control inputs the counter and the decoder and the first control input of the compensating voltage generator, the second control input of which is connected to the output of the zero-organ and through the counter to the third input of the decryptor and whose output is connected to the output of the detector quasi-equilibrium. The compensating voltage generator contains an integrator and a controlled voltage divider, with the signal input of the compensating voltage generator connected to the first and through the integrator to the second signal inputs of the controlled divide: l voltage, the first control input of which is connected to the integrator control input and is the first (control input of the generator of the compensating voltage, the second control input and the output of which are respectively the second control input and the output of the controlled div Voltage Body The compensating voltage generator contains an integrator and a controlled voltage divider, and the input of the compensating voltage generator is connected to the signal input and, via a controlled voltage divider, to the integrator bias input, the output of which is the compensating generator output voltages whose first and second control inputs are the first and second control inputs of a controllable voltage divider, respectively. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a quasi-equilibrium detector; Figures 2a and 26 are block diagrams of two variants of a compensating voltage generator; in fig. 3 timing diagrams explaining the operation of the quasi-equilibrium detector for the case of finding the harmonic vector U in the first quadrant relative to the signal vector U; in fig. k is a table explaining the work of the quasi-equilibrium detector for all four quadrants. The quasi-equilibrium detector contains a quadrant definition unit 1, a pulse shaper 2, an amplitude converter 3, a key 4, a voltage compensating generator 5, a zero-body 6, a counter 7, a decoder 8, a voltage compensating generator, controlled by integrators 9 2 and controlled voltage dividers 10 2, as well as the first and second generators 11 and 12 sinusoidal voltages. The quasi-equilibrium detector works as follows. The compared harmonic signals and and Uj from the outputs of the first and second sinusoidal voltage generators (Fig. 3A) are respectively supplied to the first and second inputs of the quadrant definition block 1, the quadrant information in which the signal vector U is relative to the vector and is fed to the control shaper input 2 pulses. The harmonic signal and the cr® are additionally supplied to the pulse shaper 2 and the amplitude converter 3, and the harmonic signal Uj. - to one of the inputs of the zero-organ 6. Depending on the quadrant, the amplitude comparison of the in-phase and quadrature components of the signal O with the amplitude of the signal U is made at different times. In the case of the first quadrant, from the first output of the pulse former, the rectangular pulse (Fig. 36), the beginning and end of which coincide with the moments of transition of the harmonic signal O through the zero level, respectively, from minus to plus and from plus to minus, is fed to the control input of the key k . Short pulses (Dig. Sv), generated at the moments of positive extremes and transitions through the zero level from plus to minus signal and from the second output of the pulse former 2 are fed to the first control input of the compensating voltage generator 5 and to the control inputs of the counter 7 and the decoder 8. Short pulses (FIG. 3A, e) (Formed at the same times, from the third and fourth outputs of the pulse former 2 are fed respectively to the first and second inputs of the decoder 8, and the presence or absence of pulses At the indicated time points, at the third output of the pulse generator, information is received that the in-phase or quadrature component of the U signal is measured respectively, and the presence or absence of impulses at the fourth output indicates the signs of the components (positive or negative, respectively). converting the body 3 to the reference signal UQ (Fig. 3a), whose level is proportional to the amplitude of the harmonic signal U, via the key t is fed to the signal input of the generator 5 of the compensating voltage. When the compensating voltage generator 5 is executed according to the scheme (Fig. 2a), rectangular pulses (Fig. Ze) from the output of the key arrive simultaneously to the integrator input and one of the inputs of the controlled voltage divider, to the second input of which a linearly increasing signal Ug ( Fig. Ze) from the integrator signal output and (Fig. Ze) from the output of the controlled voltage divider is fed to the second input of the zero-body 6 and at the moments of equality of the signals 2. and Ug narrow pulses (Fig. 3) from the output of the zero-body 6 are fed simultaneously to the counting input of the reversing etchika 7 and a second control input of the generator 5 of the compensating voltage, i.e. to the second control input of the controlled voltage divider, the signal Ug (Fig. Ze), the output of which sharply decreases by 1 / AND the instantaneous value of the signal Ug at this moment, time, where n is a positive integer, which determines the number of discrete values of the detector quasi-equilibrium, continues to grow linearly until the next pulse arrives from the output of the zero-organ 6, i.e. until the next equality with the signal At the moment of arrival of the first pulse (Fig. 3Sv) from the second output of the driver 2 pulses to the first control input of the generator 5 of the compensating voltage, i.e. at the same time, the integrator control input and the first control input of the controlled divider, the integrator instantly discharges to zero and begins to charge again at the same speed (Fig. Ze), and the signal 9 of the controlled divider output is shifted to a constant negative level ( - (Jon) - The signal Uj (Fig. 3) continues to discretely change by a constant value after each equality with the signal U2 until the second pulse (Fig. 3S) arrives from the second output of the pulse generator 2. the voltage according to the scheme (fig. 26), the rectangular pulses (fig. 3) from the output of the key k simultaneously arrive at the inputs of the controlled voltage divider and the integrator, the linearly increasing s | - U (fig. 3) from which At the moment of equality of the input signal U and the signal U (Fig. Z3), a narrow pulse (Fig. Zi) from the output of the nullorgan 6 is fed to the counting input of the reversing counter 7 and to the second control input of the generator 5 compensating stresses, i.e. On the second. input controlled voltage divider, the signal Ug (Fig. 3), the output of which varies from zero to the value of (-) reference signal with the arrival of each pulse (Fig. Z) from the output of the zero-body 6. Signal TJg , 3) from the output of the controlled voltage divider is fed to the input of the initial conditions of the integrator and determines the magnitude of the displacement of its output signal and (Fig. Ze) relative to the zero level. At the moment of arrival of the first pulse (fig. Sv) from the second output of the driver 2 pulses to the first control input of the generator 5 of the compensating voltage 5, i.e. to the corresponding input of the controlled voltage divider, the signal id (fig.33 at its output is shifted to a level equal to (-2Uoii. The signal U (fig. W3) is again compared with the signal U and is discretely changed after each equality during a quarter the period of the signal U before the arrival of the second pulse (Fig. Sv) from the second output of the pulse former 2. The integrators and are adjusted so that the linearly increasing signals Ug (Fig. Ze, 3) at their outputs in a quarter of the period reach the value of the reference signal Uon, t. E. the amplitude of the input signal U (Fig. Over.) By the time The starting point of the sweep (up to the diagram of Fig. 2a, by the time the first sweep began), the reversible counter 7 is included in the subtraction and the number n is recorded in it. With the arrival of K-pulses (Fig. 3, u), it is written to its counting input the number becomes equal to VI-k, where k is the number of moments of equality of the signal (Fig. Ze, -z) from the output of the compensating voltage generator 5 and the input signal O during the time from the transition of the harmonic signal U through the zero level from minus to plus the moment of its positive extremum. At the moment of arrival of the first pulse (Fig. 3b), the information from the second output of the pulse former 2 is decoded from the decoder 8, and the reversible counter 7 is reset to zero and switches to addition mode. With the arrival of QW-pulses (Fig. 3, g, i) to its counting input from the output of the zero-organ 6, the number recorded in the counter becomes equal to yy1, where vn is the number of moments of equality of the signal from the output of the compensating voltage generator (Fig. and the input signal and at the time from the moment of positive extremum 93 38 of the harmonic signal U to the moment of its transition through the zero level from plus to minus. At the moment of arrival of the second pulse (Fig. Sound) from the second output of the driver 2, information is removed from the decoder 8, and the reverse counter 7 per It is included in the subtraction mode, and the number n is written in it. From the time diagrams (fig. 3, d, e, h) it is seen that the numbers (nk) and m show which parts of the signal U and with which signs are blue and quadrature the components of the signal U (Fig. 3a) with the vector of the signal (J in the first quadrant relative to the vector of the signal U). The relations between the components of the (in-phase and quadrature) signal u2 and the signal U / can also be determined, however, according to the signals from the output block determining quadrants impulses output f A pulse driver 2 appears at the times indicated in the table (Fig. ). The quasi-equilibrium detector can be used both in bridges and AC compensators, and in converters of parameters of complex values into a digital code. In this case, a signal from the primary measuring converter, for example, based on an amplifier with feedback, is fed to its first input, and a reference signal from an exemplary voltage generator is fed to the second input. The application of the proposed quasi-equilibrium detector allows not only reducing the time of comparing the components of a harmonic signal with another signal, but also obtaining information about their relationship in a digital code, including the sign of the component, which allows a significant increase in the measurement rate of complex values. The proposed device allows to obtain a code proportional to the ratio of the amplitudes of the components (in-phase and quadrature) of one of the harmonic signals to the amplitude of the second harmonic signal, which significantly increases the speed of bridges, compensators, as well as automated process control and management systems. Claim 1. A quasi-equilibrium detector containing a pulse shaper, the input and output of which is connected respectively to the first input of the quasi-equilibrium and to the control input of the key, the generator compensating | Voltage, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the zero-organ, and the counter, characterized in that, in order to increase the speed of operation and enhance the functionality, a second sinusoidal voltage generator, a quadrant determination unit, an amplitude transform are additionally introduced into it The first input of the quadrant determination unit is connected to the signal input of the pulse former and, via an amplitude converter and the key, to the signal input of the compensating voltage generator, and the output is connected to the control input of the pulse former, the second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the decoder, and the fourth output is connected to the control inputs of the counter and the decoder and the first control input of the compensating voltage generator, second The second control input of which is connected to the output of the zero-organ and through the counter to the third input of the decoder, the output of which is connected to the output of the quasi-equilibrium detector. 2-. A detector according to claim 1, wherein the generator of a pensiump voltage com 310 310 contains an integrator and a controllable divider, a voltage regulator, and the signal input of the compiler voltage generator is connected to the first and the integrator with the second signal inputs of the controllable voltage divider, the first control input of which is connected to the control input of the integrator and is the first control input of the compensating voltage generator, the second control input and output of which are respectively the second a control input and output of a controlled voltage divider, 3- The detector according to claim 1, wherein the compensating voltage generator includes an integrator and a controlled voltage divider, the signal input of the compensating voltage generator connected to the signal input and through a controlled voltage divider with an integrator mixing input, the output of which is the output of a compensating voltage generator, the first and second control inputs of which are respectively the first and second control inputs channeling emogo voltage divider. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 387330, cl. G 05 B 1/01, 1971. 2. USSR author's certificate number 521522, cl. G 01 R 17/06, 1976 (prototype). (S / / ma V