SU1255833A2 - Drier - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the technique of drying materials and can be used in the mining and metallurgical, chemical industry, industrial building materials and other sectors and is an improvement of the known dryer by the author. No. 1158831.

The purpose of the invention is the intensification of heat and mass transfer.

Figure 1 shows the dryer, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1. .

The dryer contains a casing 1 for a loading device (funnel) 2, a pneumatic tube 3 mounted equidistantly to the casing 1 on shock absorbers 4, a chamber 5 formed by a system of well-placed supporting plates 6 with disks 7 fixed in them with through holes 8 , horizontal guides 9, extending through sealing elements (e.g., bellows, etc.) 10, pneumatic tubes 3 and casing 1 mounted on the walls, loading hopper 11, feed pipes 12 and outlet 13 of the heat transfer fluid, moreover, disk 14 of the bottom plate 15 Rusa is made with a notch 16 3 in the direction of the overlying rail, the pneumatic tube 3 is placed with a gap of 17 to the bottom 18 of the dryer and is equipped with heaters 19. The pneumatic tube 3 can be equipped with a stirrer telling it to oscillate (not shown). The disks 7 are fixed in the support plates 6 with the possibility of their horizontal movement one relative to the other with guides 9 connected to a drive (not shown) of reciprocating movement. The through holes can be made in the form of cutouts: the chamfered pyramidal, round, round with ribs or bilami, etc. The upper discs 7 of the base plates 6 are provided with protrusions 20 that enter with a gap 21 into the holes of the 8 lower discs 7 of the upper wiring. The disks 7 can be both compound and chain. The support plates 6 of the discs 7 can be equipped with grinding chambers 22, formed by washers 23 with shells 24 and communicating with the pneumatic tube 3 through the gaps 25. The washers 23 can be flat, corrugated, etc. The grinding chambers 22 can be equipped with cylindrical

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shells 26 freely lying on the shields 23 of the underlying Russ and having a gap between the inner side and upper surfaces of the grinding chamber 22. Inside the pneumatic tube there is a drying chamber 27, the supporting plates with the discs 7 nearby Rus are installed with a gap 28 one relative to the other. The cylindrical shells 26 in the grinding chamber 1 form two additional chambers 29 and 30. The upper plate supporting plate 31 can be installed both fixed and movable relative to the casing 1, and the lower plate supporting plate 15 is provided only with a washer 32 with a diameter of at least the diameter of the shell 24 of the grinding chamber of the overlying Rus.

The dryer works as follows.

After switching on the drive, the plates 6 connected to it through the guides 9 begin to move in a horizontal plane in different directions relative to each other. After that, the source material is loaded into the funnel 2, which enters the entrance of the vertical chamber 5, and then under the action of gravitational forces fills the entire chamber, where it is subjected to dynamic grinding between the disks 7 of two adjacent plates 6 due to the difference in their linear velocities under the action of compressing, stretching and cutting forces. In this case, the crushed material, as a result of continuous periodic displacement of the disks, is ejected into the gaps 21 and 28 formed by the disks 7, where it is ground to the required fineness. The fineness of the grinding is controlled by the size of the gap 28 between the disks 7. Particles of the material moving to the gap 28 fall into the gap 21 between the oscillating disks, where it is subjected to an additional effect of compressive forces between the working surfaces of the disks 20 of the wheels below their contact surfaces and holes in the discs of the overhead

 COB., And the particles of the material are additionally crushed, compressed and displaced one relative to the other, which leads to compaction of the material and bringing moisture from it to the surface,

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The crushed material, which is additionally partially divided into solid and liquid phases in the gap 21, is ejected from the gap 28 as a result of periodic displacement of the plates 6c by disks one relative to the other in the horizontal direction, which enters the drying chamber 27 formed by the pneumatic tube 3, where it is washed by a coolant introduced through the pipes 12 and the gap 17. The spent coolant is discharged through the ports 13. Change the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the guides 9,. It is possible to adjust the frequency of pulsations of the discs 7 depending on the properties of the material spooled. In addition, you can set different pulsation frequencies for each of the discs 7 to stabilize the material drying process as it advances to the discharge funnel 11, as well as intermittent supply of material to the drying chamber, which improves the intensive mixing of the dried material with heat carrier. The small particles ejected from the gaps 28 between the disks 7 by dynamic forces into the drying chamber 27, under the action of gravity, fall down, and large particles of the material with greater kinetic energy are additionally heated by contacting the pneumatic tubing 3 with the heaters 19 of the walls, and partially downward by gravitational forces. The material deposited on the walls of the pneumatic tube 3 is unloaded under the action of vibrational vibrations on the shock absorbers 4 of its walls due to the uneven spread of material particles from the gaps 28 between the disks

The implementation of the working surface of the disk 14 of the bottom plate 15 with a notch 16 with inclined side walls and an outlet opening facing the upper overlying rus allows, due to the dynamic forces, when moving the disk 14 with the plate 15

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along the inclined walls of the recess 16, the material in it into the gap between the discs, where it is crushed and thrown into the drying chamber 27.

When supplying the base plates of the disks 7 with grinding chambers 22, the dryer works as follows.

The grinding chamber 22 oscillates with the frequency of the support plate of the disk 7 connected to it and receives heat due to heating of the side surface of the shells 24 with a coolant inside the drying chamber 27. The j material particles ejected from the gaps 28 between the disks 7 by the dynamic forces enter the grinding-1 the chamber 22 with a speed equal to the difference of the linear speeds of movement of the disks of two adjacent plates, as a result of which they hit the heated inner side walls of the chamber 22, is additionally heated from contact with it and ejected vayuts therefrom through the gap 25 into the drying chamber 27i where further drying process proceeds in a similar manner. In the grinding chamber 22, the particles of material are destroyed by the forces of friction and impact of one another and the inner walls of the shells.

When supplying the grinding chambers 22 with movable cylindrical shells 26, the dryer operates as follows.

The material particles ejected from the gaps 28 between the disks 7 by dynamic forces fall into the grinding chamber 22, where they are subjected to an additional cylindrical shell 26, which lies freely on the washer 23 of the underlying rus, resulting in particles of material that fall into the chambers 29 and 30, are additionally destroyed by the impact of an oscillatory movement of the cylindrical shells 26, and then through the gap 25, the shell 26 pushes the material into the drying chamber 27.

And- / 1

FIG. 2

Editor N. Bobkova

Companion C .By Nsky

Tehred I. Veres Proofreader I. Muska

Order 4808/39 Circulation 634 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries P3035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4

Claims (3)

1. DRYER according to autosw.No 1158831, characterized in that, in order to intensify heat and mass transfer, the disk of each tier in the upper part is equipped with a protrusion that enters with a gap into the hole of the disk of the overlying tier. 2. Pop-up dryer 1, characterized in that the guide plates along the perimeter are equipped with washers with shells in all tiers, except for the lower one, forming grinding chambers communicating with the pneumatic pipe with the guide plate of its tier. 3. The dryer according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a cylindrical shell is freely mounted on the washer of each tier with the possibility of movement in the volume of the grinding chamber of the overlying tier. N3 SL SL 00 Ф0 ФО> YU