RU2145049C1 - Drying installation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical, food and other branches of industry. SUBSTANCE: installation is used for drying loose materials. Drying installation has drying chamber with vertically-closed conveyer positioned in it. Conveyer is provided with shelves secured to it and with motion speed control mechanism. L-shaped shelves are arranged in horizontal plane on discending branch of conveyer. They may turn to vertical position on rising branch of conveyer. Shelves on discending branch of conveyer rest with end rollers located on external side of shelves on guides secured on internal side of drying chamber body. Branch pipes for delivery of fresh and removal of used-up heat carrier are positioned on side wall of drying chamber body. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for drying and can be used in the chemical, food and other industries for drying bulk materials.

 A device for drying is known (AS USSR N 1354010, class F 26 B 15/08, published 23.11.87, Bulletin No. 43), which contains a vertical insulated chamber and a vertically closed conveyor with shelves located in it moving dried products from the loading window to the unloading. Such dryers operate at high temperatures, which are achieved by supplying flue gases from the furnace to the heating chamber. Such devices are used to dry the molds and cores in the manufacture of castings. However, the known device for drying bulk materials cannot be used because of the difficulties associated with loading and unloading the product.

 Also known is an installation for drying a belt type (Planovsky A.N., Nikolaev P. I. Processes and apparatuses of chemical and petrochemical technology. M.: Chemistry, 1987), containing a drying chamber in which a multi-level belt conveyor is located. The coolant is supplied by the fan and can be supplied, for example, across the movement of the tape with the dried material on it.

 In drying plants of this type, the wet material is fed through the feed hopper to the upper conveyor belt, where it moves along the drying chamber, then it is poured onto the conveyor belt of the second tier, etc. From the conveyor of the lower tier, the dried material enters the discharge hopper.

 Such devices can reduce the size of the installation for drying, provide ease of unloading of material from the installation.

 The disadvantage of this type of device is the need for a significant amount of energy to rotate the conveyor belts.

 Of the known technical solutions, the closest in technical essence is the installation for drying (A.S. USSR N 1272070, class F 26 B 17/18, A 23 V 7/02, publ. 23.11.86 bul. N 43), used for drying fruit and berry squeezes and containing a drying chamber with a vertically closed conveyor placed in it, equipped with shelves in the form of conjugated baths, a loading hopper, an unloading pipe, pipes for supplying fresh and discharged waste heat carrier. The conveyor is rotated through the drive sprocket from an external drive.

 Such a device is applicable for drying fruit and berry squeezes, but cannot be used for drying bulk products due to the possibility of spilling them through the perforated bottom of the partitions located on the shelves between the mating baths.

 Another disadvantage is that the perforated bottom provides significant resistance to the passage of the coolant and makes it difficult to transfer heat to the material to be dried. The flow of coolant from below leads to the fact that the coolant, already saturated with water vapor, enters the upper shelves, the circulation rate of the coolant above the shelves is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the drying speed. For the same reason, the density of the shelves on the conveyor cannot be high. Calculations show that the ratio of the length of the shelf to the distance between them is approximately 1. M.N. Kuvshinsky "Course design for" Processes and apparatuses of the chemical industry. "M., Higher School, 1980

 The specified design of the installation for drying requires significant costs for both drying and moving the dried material.

 The problem solved by the proposed device is the creation of a compact, low-energy installation for drying.

 The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the productivity of equipment by reducing the occupied production space, lower operating costs.

 This result is achieved by the fact that in the drying installation, containing a drying chamber with a vertically closed conveyor placed in it, equipped with shelves mounted on it, a loading and unloading hopper, nozzles for supplying fresh and exhausted coolant, the conveyor is equipped with a speed control mechanism, the shelves are L-shaped and are located in a horizontal plane on the descending branch of the conveyor with the possibility of moving into a vertical position on the ascending branch of the conveyor an orter, moreover, on the descending branch of the conveyor, the shelves are made with end rollers located on the outer side of the shelves, on the guides mounted on the inner side of the drying chamber body, and the nozzles for supplying fresh and waste heat carrier are located on the side of the drying chamber housing.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an apparatus for drying bulk materials, FIG. 2 - section aa, side view. The installation comprises a drying chamber 1, a vertically-closed conveyor 2 located in it with a descending 3 and an ascending 4 branches with shelves 5 mounted on it, having an L-shaped shape. For fastening the shelves on the conveyor, supports 6 are made with an axis 7, relative to which the shelves rotate when moving from one branch of the conveyor to another. From the bending of the conveyor 2 and deflection under the influence of the weight of the processed product of the shelves 5, end rollers 8 located on the outer side of the shelves are protected, supported by guides 9 located on the inside of the camera body 1. The distance between the shelves H is determined by the ratio of the length of the shelf along the heat carrier to H, equal to 3.5 - 7.0, A.G. Kasatkin. Processes and devices of chemical technology. M .: Chemistry, 1973

 In the lateral part of the drying chamber opposite the descending branch, there are nozzles for introducing fresh coolant 10 and for discharging the spent coolant 11. Air, flue gases, etc. can be used as the coolant.

 On the camera body 1 in the lower part of the descending branch of the conveyor 2 is a mechanism for controlling the speed of any known type.

 In the upper part of the drying installation there is a loading hopper 13 for feeding the dried material to the shelves, and in the lower part of the unloading hopper 14 for receiving the dried material.

 The conveyor is mounted on rollers 15 with axles 16 fixed in rolling bearings 17.

 Installation works as follows.

 Wet bulk material from the loading hopper 13 with a frequency of movement of the conveyor enters the drying chamber 1 and falls on the shelves 5 of the descending branch 3. The weight of the shelves and the dried material creates a moment of force, under the action of which the conveyor 2 moves down and the rollers 15 are rotated 15 with the axes 16 in bearings 17. The speed of movement of the conveyor 2 with shelves 5 is set using a mechanism for controlling the speed of movement of any known type (for example, a disk friction variator or a step mechanism th displacement. A.F.Kraynov. Dictionary of mechanisms. M .: Engineering, 1987, p.95, 525).

 Starting from the position following the loading, the shelves 5 with the material to be dried enter the zone where the coolant is supplied through the nozzles 10. The coolant moves along the shelves 5 in the direction perpendicular to the movement of the conveyor, and participates in the process of mass and coolant with the dried material. The spent coolant is discharged through the nozzles 11. As the conveyor 2 with shelves 5 moves down, the bulk material is dried and in the lower position of the conveyor self-unloading of the shelves 5 occurs and the dried material enters the hopper 14.

 When moving to the ascending branch 4 of the conveyor, the shelves rotate on the axes 7 in the supports 6 and remain in a vertical position. This additionally increases the moment of forces rotating the conveyor, and contributes to a more complete cleaning of the shelves 5 from the dried material. In the upper part of the conveyor 2, the shelves 5 from a vertical position rotate to horizontal, while the rollers 8 fall on the guides 9, which protect the shelves and the conveyor from deflection.

 Thus, the proposed compact low-energy installation for drying compared to the prototype allows to increase the productivity of the equipment by reducing the occupied floor space and increasing the density of shelves on the conveyor, reduce operating costs by using the gravity energy of the dried material to move the conveyor.

Claims (1)

 Drying installation, containing a drying chamber with a vertically closed conveyor placed in it, equipped with shelves mounted on it, loading and unloading bins, pipes for supplying fresh and discharging waste heat carrier, characterized in that the conveyor is equipped with a speed control mechanism, the shelves are made of shaped and located in a horizontal plane on the outgoing branch of the conveyor with the possibility of rotation in a vertical position on the ascending branch of the conveyor, and on the bottom odyaschey conveyor branches made shelf end resting rollers located on the outer side of the shelves on guides fixed to the inside of the drying chamber housing, and connections for supplying fresh and spent coolant outlet are located on the side of the drying chamber of the housing.

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