US1736980A

US1736980A - Drier

Info

Publication number: US1736980A
Application number: US323987A
Authority: US
Inventors: Panzireff Nicolas
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1928-03-21
Filing date: 1928-12-05
Publication date: 1929-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 1946-11-26

Description

Nov. 26, 1929.` N. PANZIRFF 1,736,980

' 15mm w Filed D90. 5. 1928 Ulli BY. WM ma@ ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 26, 1929 l' NICOLAS PANZIREFF, OF MOSCOW, RUSSIA DRIER Application filed December 5, 1928, Serial No. 323,987, and in GermanyvMarch 21, 1928.

My invention relates to driers and has a are supported in a horizontal position by particular reference to driers of a conveyer means of guiding bars 10 supported on transtype adapted to dry granular matter or, with versely placed beams 11. The conveyors in some modifications, liquid or semiliquid maeach vertical row are substantially alike and terials. are driven at the saine speed, although it is 55 The object of my invention is to provide a possible to vary the speeds of different condrier of a continuous type, adapted to reveyors by using sprockets 6 of different sizes, ceive material at one end and to continuously in order to obtain a uniform rate of drying discharge it at the other, with a provision to on successive conveyors. I

periodically stir the material which is being A hopper l12 is placed above each top conce dried, so as to uniformly expose all the indiveyor and is provided with a feeding mechavidual particles to the action of the drying nisin (not shown) of any ordinary type air. adapted to deliver material on the conveyor I also Vprovide an improved air circulating at a uniform rate.

i5 system so as to obtain a uniform air flow in The plates 9, sliding on the guiding bars c5 different portions of the drier, the air being` 10, represent a fiat conveyor surface adapted circulated repeatedly over the material so to receive thematerialfrom the hopper 12, at thatit becomes fully satiiratedwith moisture the end of the conveyor, at a certain distance y before it is finally exhausted. from the sprocket 9, the guiding bar 10 is My invention is more fully described in the terminated, its end being bent down as shown 70 accompanying specification and drawing in in Figs. 1 and 6. i/Vithout supportl from the whichbar the plates 9 hang vertically'. For the Fig. 1 is asectional-elevation of my drier, lower or return portion of the conveyor a Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section of same, second or lower guiding` bar 13 is provided; A'25 Fig. 3 is a plan view of the bottom air At the incoming end it extends farther than 75 ducts, the corresponding bar 10 above causing the Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the drier plates 9 to take a horizontal position at the in a state for drying semi-liquid materials. point where the upper plates 9 already hang Fig. 5 is a top view of the conveyor, vertically. This arrangement is shown in 3)V Fig. 6 is a partial view of the conveyor and F ig. 1 at the right hand end. the movement cf so conveyor sprocket wheel, when correspond the conveyors being indicated with arrows 14;

ing to Figs. 1 3, and and 15. A t the other cnd of the conveyor the Fig. Fis a similar view of the conveyor, bar 13 ends at a certain "distaiice'from the when corresponding to Fig. 5. sprocket, allowing theplates 9 to hang ver- My'drier consists of a chamber 1 made tically before they reach the sprocket. 85

preferably of metal and lined inside with a The next conveyor below has an identical refractory or heat insulating materialk 2. A arrangement, the bar 10 extending to the left plurality of endless conveyor chains 3 are farther than the bar 13 above so as to form a A placed inside of the chamber 1 on sprockets t fiat receiving surface'froin the plates 9 at the 4G mounted on shafts 5 .extending between the point where the plates of the upper conveyor 90 walls of the drier and provided with external already hang vertically.

,or driving sprockets 6 connected together The conveyors being all valike it is evident vwith chains 7 operated by a suitable motor that any number of them may be arranged (not shown) or other source of power. Each vertically, according to the capacity required shaft supports two (or more) pairs of sprockand the time of drying. 95

ets 4, and thevcorresponding chains of each The conveyors 9 for drying material are pair of sprockets are connected together with arranged in units there being shown two such cross shafts 8 attached to the links of the units in Fig. 2.v Between the units at the botchain's. Conveyor plates or trays 9 are tom of the drier chambera tunnel cr vduct 17 mounted rotatively on the cross shafts 8 and is provided. It has a slot 18 on top and a 100 horizontal bottom wall 18 and is connected with a pipe or flue 19 through which hot air is admitted. The roof of the drier has cylindrical vaults 20 over each conveyor unit in order to facilitate the circulation of air. Re turn ducts or tunnels 21 are provided at the bottom of the drier near the side walls of it. They have longitudinal slots 22 and are in communication with an exhaust pipe 23.

The slot 18 is made of a gradually enlarged width, having its narrow end at the point where the hot air enters the tunnel 17. The slots 22 are made narrower at the exhaust end near the pipes 23.

Instead of hot air it is possible to use other heating, by placing steam coils or electricalV heating elements in the tunnel 17, and if necessary similar heating means may be provided also in the free space between the conveyor units, as shown diagrammatically at 17 Below the horizontal wall 18 of the tunnel 17 an ordinary belt conveyor 16 is placed near the bottom of the drier for carrying the dried material away from the drier. A hopper 16 is arranged below the discharging'end of the lowermost strand of the above named conveyors 9, so as to lead the material from these to the conveyor 16.

The operation of my drieris as follows.

The material to be dried is placed in the hoppers 12' from which it is fed at a uniform rate of speed onz the conveyor plates 9 which carry this material in a direction of the arrow 14 (Fig. 1). Near the end sprocket the plates 9 slide off the end of the guiding bar 10, dump ing their contents on the plates below which arey lined up on the lower bar 13. This bar 13 extends farther to the right (toward the sprocket) so that there are one or more plates arranged horizontally (or in their operative positions) at the point where the upper plates already hang vertically having dumped their loads.

The plates 9 on their ret-urn trip over the lower guiding bar 13 carry an evenly distributed load of the drying material, their other sides being turned up. They reach a point at a cert-ain distance from the left sprocket where the bar 13 terminates with its end bent down as shown, allowing the plates 9 to hang freely in a vertical position, dumping their loads down on the plates of the upper strand of the next conveyor below. This operation is then repeated on the second conveyor, and the material is finally dumped 'on the third conveyor below, and so forth, until the'material is finally'deposited on the belt 16 which carries itaway from the drier.

Y The reloading of the material from one conveyor strand to the other and the stirring or mixing which results therefrom, greatly improve the process of drying, as all the particles are repeatedly anddirectly exposed to the action of the drying air.

The hot air, admitted through the pipe 19,

tunnel 17 and the slot 18, enters the drying chamber and rises to the top between the two units of the conveyors, coming in Contact with the material and absorbing the moisture which it contains. The slot 18 is made wider at the end opposite the intake pipe 19 so that the flow of air throughout its length is practically uniform. Cold air entering along the conveyor 16 is heated on the wall 18 before reaching the chains 9.

The air is deiiect'edby the vaults 2O and, being more. or less saturated with moisture and cooled, descends beyond the conveyors,

absorbing more moisture.- The air in diiferent portions has different amounts of moisture, and theheavier saturated air, flowing near the side walls, forces thedrier and Vlighter air toward the middle where it meets the rising streams of hot dry air and is carri-ed with it to the Vtop of the drier. Additional steam or electric heaters 17 maybe placedat these points to reheat the partly 'cooled air.

Vith this arrangement the heated air V.circulates several times from the bottom tothe top and around the conveyors until it becomes fully saturated with-the moisture from the drying material. A very high economy in fuel results from this arrangement, the capacity of the air t0 absorb moisture being utilized to the full extent.

The slots 22 are made narrower toward the exhaust end, so that the air exhaustsrat a uniform rate throughout the length of the drier. The heavy saturated air is finally' removed through the pipe 23. j Y

In Fig. 4f the same apparatus is shown in a modified state especially adapted for :djryf ing liquid and semiliquid materials. For this purpose each conveyor chain 9 is ope-nedby extracting one of its link bolts, and some lof said chains are united to form a single endless chain conveyor 24 which again is mounted on a plurality of the sprockets 4, of which three remain on their spot, whereasthe middle left sprocketvis shifted inward, the mid die right sprocket is dismantled, andthe right bottom sprocket is shifted outward from the drier casing. The guiding bars 10,l 13 Vare also dismantled, and further the conveyor plates 9 are dismantled, and each of then-lor a special cup or pan is hung up on each ,chain 3 by aid of two links 25. For this, purpose the said sprockets are mounted in shiftable bearings which are not show-n, ,as they may be of any well known construction. The links of the kchains 3 have special 'bores vin which as well the fasteningfbo'lts of the ypilates 9 as the hanging bolts of the links 25 can easily be inserted and secured by fore'locks or the like.

In this condition lthe plates 9 yact as pans,

`which tend to maintain 'horizontal position throughout-their travel on the ch ains asgshown in Fig. 4. The material maybe fed tothe conveyor near the right bottom sprocket and lgs CII

may be removed from it by tilting the pans near the same spot, all outside the casing.

Also in this case the air circulation can be the same as in the lirst oase, and the air can again be circulated automatically and without any additional expenditure of power several times inside of the drier until it becomes fully saturated; also the air is again distrib uted uniformly throughout the length of the drier.

I claim as my invention In a drier, the combination with a chamber, rows of drying conveyors inside of said chamber, a longitudinal duet for hot gases at the bottom of said chamber, said conveyors forming a central longitudinal clearance for said gases, the roof of said chamber forming longitudinal vaults on top of said conveyors, a central partition between said vaults adapted to deflect said gases to the sides of said chamber, and exhaust ducts at the bottom of said chamber for said gases, said ducts being provided with tapering apertures.

In witness whereof I affix my signature.

NICOLAS PANZIREFF.