SU1243646A1 - Method and apparatus for applying fertilizers to soil - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Method of fertilizing the soil, including the formation in the soil of a vertical slit, feeding fertilizer into it and fixing it in depth with concentration horizontally, nponopj. national saturation density of soil layers by the root system, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of use. . fertilizers by increasing the degree of their localization with a uniform distribution over the feed volume, the fertilizers are fed into the soil in portions in a staggered order along the depth and length of the slit. 2. A device for fertilizing the soil, including a frame, a support wheel, a hopper with a metering mechanism, a tukoprovod, a vomer, made in the form of a diagonally located pair of one-sided wedges, the front of which is equipped with a distribution chamber with deflector plates communicated with the tukoprovod through an accelerator nozzle , characterized in that the front wedge is additionally equipped with a distribution chamber with deflector plates and an accelerator pipe with a conduit, which are installed in relation to the main offset upwards, both tukoprovoda communicated with the dispensing mechanism through the dividing device configured as a valve-accumulator. -x: (;: Ж VsV-. Ул.Л; О;;,:, with SS ts; with О5 4 05 Еериа.1

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used when applying fertilizer to the soil.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of use of fertilizers by increasing the degree of their localization with a uniform distribution by volume of feed.

Fig. 1 shows the layout of fertilizers in the soil in depth in one row; in fig. 2 .- device for carrying out the method of fertilizing the soil, general view.

The proposed method of fertilizer application includes the following operations: entering the machine into the die; the depth of the gun in the soil to a depth set by the support wheel, depending on the culture; cutting in the soil vertical gap; feeding fertilizers into the cut slit in portions alternately into the upper and lower soil layers with simultaneous distribution of fertilizers proportional to the saturation density of the layers by the root system; pinching fertilizer in the soil.

A device for fertilizing In the soil includes a frame 1, the reference .-. - wheel 2, hopper 3, with a metering mechanism 4 installed under it, and a vomer, which is made in the form of a diagonally located front 5 and rear 6 one-sided vertical wedges. The front wedge 5 is equipped with two distribution chambers 7, which are mounted on the back of the wedge 5 with a height offset relative to each other. The distribution chambers 7 have vertical slots 8 on the rear side, separated by evenly spaced deflector plates 9. Each distribution chamber 7 communicates with the metering mechanism 4 through accelerator pipes 11 installed at a certain angle to the flow former 10, pipelines 12 and a separating device 13. The separating device 12 includes a valve-accumulator 14, made in the form of a truncated wedge, which is spring-loaded from the side opposite to the flow of fertilizers, the spring 15, the drive mechanism 1 6 and cam 17. The proposed shape-valve-accumulator 14 provides a clear supply of portions of fertilizers directed into each knock-off pipe 12, and the springing of the accumulator-valve 14 by the spring 1 ensures reliable fixation

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its J3 extreme positions. The cam 17 is mounted, for example, on a separate drive shaft (not shown) allowing the rotation speed of the cam 17 to be varied. It is possible to install the cam on the same shaft with the metering mechanism.

Fertilization in the soil of the proposed method is carried out using the proposed device as follows.

The unit enters the workpiece. The implement is sunk into the soil to a depth given by the support wheel 2, depending on which crop the soil is prepared for and fertilizer is applied. When the guns are moving, the front wedge 5 fixed on the frame 1 cuts a slit in the soil, displacing the layer of soil to the side. Fertilizers from the hopper 3 through the metering mechanism 4 enter the cavity of the separating device 13 where they accumulate to a certain portion. When cam 17 is rotated, accumulator 14 is switched from one position to another by means of actuator 16, and the accumulated portion of fertilizer flows through one of the pipelines 1 2 to the one communicated with it

0 pipe accelerator 11. B pipe-ke-accelerated 11 portions of fertilizer acquires steady-state - movement at a certain angle to the driver 10 flow. A portion of the fertilizer interacts with the flow shaper 10 and the deflector plates 9, is distributed according to the placement of the root of your plant system and enters the top or bottom layer of soil, depending on which distribution chamber 7 it has entered. By displacing the soil stratum with a rear wedge 6 towards the slit cut by the front wedge 5, the incoming portion of fertilizers is pinched at the required depth. In this case, the concentration of fertilizers fixed in the upper and lower layers depends in depth on the angle of installation of the accelerator pipes 11 relative to the former: 10 fluxes. Close to the floor, fertilizers are placed at the maximum angle of installation of the accelerator pipe 11 to the flow shaper 10 and vice versa, to a greater depth in the case of a minimum installation angle. The length of the portions in the order depends on the switching frequency of the accumulator valve 14, i.e. the speed of rotation of the cam 17,

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312436464

at the same time, the 4th is the more the speed of the rotation of the cultivator-plant feeder, nor the cam 17, the shorter the length of the proposed method allows to increase and vice versa. ; yield of vegetable crops due

In comparison with the existing method. more efficient use of fertilizer fertilization with the help of rhenium by 40-55%.

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Editor T. Parfenova

Compiled by T.Naumova

Tehred L.Oleynik Proofreader M.Demchik

Order 3729/1 Circulation 679 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4

Claims (2)

1. The method of applying fertilizers to the soil, including the formation of a vertical gap in the soil, feeding fertilizers into it and fixing them in depth with horizontal concentration, προποργ, the national density of saturation of the soil layers with the root system, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of fertilizer use by increasing the degree of their localization with a uniform distribution over the volume of nutrition, the fertilizer is fed into the soil in portions in a checkerboard pattern along the depth and length of the gap. 2. A device for applying fertilizers to the soil, including a frame, a support wheel, a hopper with a metering mechanism, a piping, an opener made in the form of a diagonally arranged pair of one-sided wedges, the front of which is equipped with a distribution chamber with deflector plates in communication with the piping through the pipe ~ accelerator, characterized in that the front wedge is additionally equipped with a distribution chamber with deflector plates and an accelerator nozzle with a duct, which are installed in relation to the main upward displacement, both pipelines communicating with the metering mechanism through a dividing device made in the form of a storage valve.