SU1220591A1 - Installation for cultivating water organisms - Google Patents

Description

wires with irrigators connected by means of a regulating valve to a water supply pump, the longitudinal slits made by hermetically transparent optically transparent material in the hermetic and removable vault, and the corresponding ends of the perforated drain pipe are connected to the water circulation circuit and the water drain with vertical springs branch pipes, wherein each overflow pipe of the upper channel is connected to the outlet end of the perforated drain pipe of the underlying channel and the system avtomatiches1

The invention relates to hydrobiology and ecology, genetics and breeding for carrying out experimental work with plant and animal organisms, in particular, installations for the cultivation of aquatic and amphibious organisms, and can be used in fish farming for mass breeding of aquatic organisms in artificial conditions.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the plant operation and to reproduce the simulated conditions of the temperature regime of the soil environment and the mode of precipitation.

FIG. Figure 1 shows schematically a block diagram of an installation for the cultivation of aquatic organisms; in fig. 2 - reservoir for the cultivation of organisms, a general end view; in fig. 3 - the same, top view; in fig. 4 shows a reservoir for the cultivation of organisms, a transverse section (section A-A in FIG. S); in fig. 5 is a section BB in FIG. 2; in fig. b - piping system for supplying and discharging water from the reservoir for the cultivation of organisms, axonometrics; in fig. 7 is a fragment of a reservoir for the cultivation of organisms with a system for automatically controlling the temperature of the soil; in fig. 8 is a fragment of a reservoir for the cultivation of organisms with a plumbing system, a pressure control system and with a unit of sensors for temperature, pressure and relative humidity of air; in fig. 9 - preparation system of the zod and air of the given parameters with a closed water circuit; in fig. 10 - spectral component illumination control system with spectral component illumination correction blocks; in fig. 11 is a diagram of the system for automatic control of temperature, air pressure and humidity, water temperature, water gas mode, spectral component illuminance by means of an analog-digital converter connected to the actual parameter display system and the comparison unit, the latter being connected to the threshold and storage devices and to the control microprocessor connected to the calendar-clock, 6viOKOM programming of the input console and control of the specified climatic parameters, the indicator of the set cheny parameters.

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climate control; in fig. 12 is a block diagram of a complex of automatic control of climatic parameters in an installation for cultivation of aquatic organisms.

A plant for the cultivation of aquatic organisms consists of an artificial ecological system in which the specified climatic parameters and physicochemical parameters of the external environment are provided through a system for preparing the specified parameters of air and water and regulating the specified parameters of the soil environment. The control over the operation mode of both the artificial ecological environment and the system for the preparation of specified parameters of air, water and soil is provided by means of automatic control systems for setting the parameters of the complex for automatic control of the operating modes of the plant. Autonomous systems of automatic regulation by means of sensors and regulators are connected with the environment of an artificial ecological system and its system of preparation of specified parameters of air, water and soil environment, as well as connected through appropriate channels with control microprocessors and the system of indication of specified and actual parameters, the control microprocessors and the display system are connected to the control panel, and the control panel and the control microprocessors are connected to an independent calendar-clock. The control panel is also associated with a command-measuring complex of climatic parameters of a given area. Automatic control system

5 parameters, control microprocessors, display systems, stand-alone calendar-clock and control panel as a whole

make up an automatic climate control complex.

In the proposed installation, information about the climatic and physicochemical parameters of the external environment of an artificial ecological system in the form of 3. TECTRIC signals from sensors through amplifiers enter the corresponding systems of automatic control of climatic parameters.

From each system of automatic adjustment of parameters through the respective channels, information is fed to the display system of actual parameters. In turn, the display system is associated with a control panel. The control panel is also associated with a group of control microprocessors, the number of which corresponds to the number of systems for automatic control of parameters and each of them is associated with a corresponding system of automatic control of a certain parameter. A group of control microprocessors is also associated with the display system. An autonomous clock calendar is associated with a control panel and a group of control microprocessors. The control panel is connected with the command and measuring complex of climatic parameters of a given area.

The prescribed modes of operation of the system as a whole are provided by means of an automatic control system for each parameter separately and the corresponding controllers, which, by acting on certain mechanisms, ensure the regulation of the set parameters in an artificial ecological system.

The proposed plant for the cultivation of aquatic organisms provides for the cultivation of organisms in the conditions of the aquatic environment, aquatic environment and land, or in conditions of land only. Such design features of the facility make it possible to cultivate organisms with a wide range of their ecological features in conditions of an artificial climate or in simulated climatic conditions of a given area. Such an installation can operate automatically as an aquarium, terrarium or climate chamber.

Artificial ecological installation system - reservoir 1 for the cultivation of organisms together with cultured organisms.

The tank 1 is a rectangular capacity tank whose walls with their lower ends go over to the bottom 2, the latter is double-walled to form a thermostatic jacket 3. In addition, in the bottom 2, the whole length of tank 1 has channels 4, which are recess in the bottom 2

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With vertical walls passing into the gutters, in each of which a perforated pipeline 5 is located.

Perforated piping 5 is installed with a WAX at least 0.02 in the grooves of the longitudinal channels 4 to ensure the flow of WATER flow.

Chutes; 1 channels 4 bottoms 2 are separated from the channels themselves by means of a transverse perforated partition 6 with vertically located overflow drain pipes 7, made at a height equal to the upper longitudinal channels 4. Under the perforated partition b is located in the groove of each longitudinal channel 4 above perforated pipe 5, a spillway 8, with a transition through a perforated partition 6 with overflow pipes 9, the height of which is lower than the drain pipes 7 of the transverse partition 6. In each of the channels 4 on the perforated bottom 6 is egorodke soil substrate 10 within which are located along the temperature control pipe P.

In addition, on the walls of the bottom 2 between the channels 4 are located pipelines 12 connected by means of valves 13 with oro-5 engines 14. In n: the tank 1, there is a service platform 15, and on top of the tank body 1 there is a hermetic overlap 1. Service platform 15 communicated with the external environment through the sluice chamber 17. In the case of the reservoir 1 there are also ventilation windows 18. On the sloping walls of the overlap 16 there are slots 19, which are optically transparent for light emission. Slot 19 provides slit blocks 20 for correcting the light mode by spectral components. Blocks 20 are equipped with sets of sources 21 of artificial light. In addition, inside the tank 1 above the ceiling of the ceiling 16 are located sources 22 of artificial 0 light.

A reservoir 1 for the cultivation of organisms through perforated pipelines 5, overflow pipes 8 with overflow pipes 9 and the corresponding valves is connected to a closed water circuit.

The water circuit includes a water and air conditioning unit 23 of predetermined parameters, the latter being a system of tanks with bubblers located therein associated with blower 24. from which compressed air is supplied via an air line with a regulating valve 25 up to a given value.

5Block 23 also provides training.

air of a given humidity by means of sampling with a system of coils humidified air to full saturation and atmospheric

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air that has undergone complete drainage. In addition, the humidified and dried air in the coil system is subjected to a preliminary thermal treatment.

From unit 23, water enters the water circulation circuit, the pipeline communication of which includes a water supply pump 26, communicated by means of a valve 27 with a cooler 28 and an electric heater 29. By means of a check valve 30 and valves 31 and 32, the water circuit is connected to tank 1 cultivation of organisms through the valve 33.

To supply water directly to the tank 1, the perforated pipes 5 of the channels 4 through the valves 33 are connected to the water circuit. In this case, water enters the perforated pipes 5 through the check valve 30 with the valve 31 closed.

The output end of the drain pipe 8 with the drainage nozzles 9 of the upper channel 4 communicates with the output end of the perforated pipeline 5 of the underlying (middle) channel 4, and the output end of the drain pipe 8 with the drain nozzles 9 is also connected with the output end of the perforated pipeline 5 below (far right ) channel 4, the drain pipe 8 with drainage pipes 9 of which is communicated by means of valves 34 and 35 with perforated pipe 5 of the same channel 4.

For supplying water from tank 1 to the circulation circuit, drain pipes 8 with drainage pipes 9 and perforated drain pipes 5 are connected to outlet circuits by means of valves 36 and 32 with the water circulation circuit, which also includes a filter system 37 and a deaerator 38, communicated by means of a valve 39 with a pump 40 for supplying water to the unit 23 for preparing water and air of predetermined parameters.

In order to ensure a predetermined mode of sediment, the pipelines 12, which are located in the tank 1 through the control valve 41 and the pipeline 42 with the control valve 43, are connected to the pump 26

water supply.

To ensure the desired temperature and air humidity in the tank 1, the dried air through the supply line of dried air from unit 23 enters through a control valve 44, and the air humidified to complete saturation from unit 23 enters through control valve 45. The supply line of dried and humidified air control valves 44 and 45 communicate with a compressor 46, which injects air of a given humidity into the supply line of thermostatted air of a given humidity, including a refrigerator 47, an electric heater

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The driver 48, from which air further comes through the air duct 49 to the tank I.

In order to provide the plant for cultivating aquatic organisms with the necessary amount of water, the water circuit is connected via a pipeline with a valve 50 to a water supply source.

Emptying and discharge of water from the installation to the sewage system is carried out through a pipeline with a valve 51.

Air duct communication for regulating the pressure of air in tank 1 consists of air ducts on the line regulating the excess air pressure in tank 1, including a check valve 52 and a control valve 53, and also consists of a line regulating the reduced air pressure in tank 1, including a check valve 54 control valve 55 and compressor 56.

During operation of the plant for the cultivation of aquatic organisms as a climatic chamber, a drainage water discharge system is provided through an air pressure control system in reservoir 1 with subsequent drainage water supply to the water circuit. In this case, drainpipes 8 with drainage nozzles 9 and perforated drainpipes of channels 4 through an adjusting valve 36 and a pipeline with a return Kvia-pan 57 are connected to the control lines for overpressure and reduced air pressure through check valves 52 and 54. Drainage water in the form of the water-air slurry and condensate is then fed through collecting funnels 58 and 59 through conduit 60 to the drainage collection tank 61, from which through the conduit with regulating valve 62, through pump 40, water is supplied to the unit 23.

In order to regulate the temperature of the soil in a plant for the cultivation of aquatic organisms in the soil substrate 10 of the longitudinal channels 4, thermostatic pipes 7 are located, the input ends of which are connected by means of adjusting valves 63 to the coolant circuit, and through adjusting valves 64 are connected to the contour circulating coolant. In addition, the thermostatic jacket 3 is also communicated, by means of the adjustment valves 65 and 66, to the coolant circuit. The pipeline communication of the circulation circuit of the heat-transfer fluid includes the coolant supply pump 67, as well as the cooler 68 and the electric heater 69, through which the heat-transfer fluid passes through the pipelines to the thermostatic jacket 3 and the thermostatic tubes 7 through the open valves 63 and 65.

The outlet ends of the thermostatic pipes 7 and the thermostatic jacket 3 are communicated via pipelines with valves 64 and 66 to the suction port of the pump 67, forming a closed loop circulating the heat-transfer fluid in the tank 1.

The illumination control system for the spectral components of the installation consists of artificial light sources 22 and spectral light intensity slit blocks 20 for spectral components, equipped with sets of artificial light sources 21. The slit illumination correction blocks 20 across the spectral components are tubes with an inner mirror surface and having longitudinal slits 70 for uniform distribution of the output of different spectral components from the artificial light sources 21 during the multiple reflection process and the displacement of the light flux inside them. The slotted blocks 20 are fixed with the ends of their slots 70 on the optically transparent gaps 19 of the overlap 16 to ensure the supply of a given spectral composition of the light flux to the reservoir 1.

The plant for the cultivation of aquatic, amphibious and terrestrial organisms is equipped with an automatic air temperature control system, an automatic air pressure control system, an automatic control system for relative humidity of the air, an automatic water temperature control system, an automatic gas control system for the aquatic environment, spectral components, an automatic correction control system illumination by spectral components, a system for automatic control of the temperature regime of the soil environment, and a system for automatic regulation of the precipitation regime.

The automatic air temperature control system consists of an air temperature sensor 71 connected to the amplifier 72 air temperature signals, the latter, via channel 73, is connected to the temperature signal normalizer 74, which is an electronic device that proportionally decreases or increases the amplitude of the electrical signal in accordance with the requirements for input signals of a typical analog-to-digital converter. The output of the normalizer 74 is connected to the analog-to-digital converter 75, the output of which is connected to the comparison unit 76, and is also connected to the display system of the actual values of the parameters. In addition, the comparison unit 76 is associated with a threshold device 77 for monitoring the operability

systems of automatic control of air temperature and an alarm signal to the display system, as well as for blocking a defective air temperature control signal. Block 77 is an electronic device that analyzes the input signal level and, when it exceeds a predetermined level, outputs a signal to the control system. The output of block 77 is connected by the display control system of the control channel operability.

The output of block 76 is also connected to the storage device 78, which is intended to store the control value of the controlled parameter (air temperature) in digital form and its output is connected to a digital-to-analog converter 79, which is connected to the amplifier 80, the last channel 81 connected connected to a temperature controller 82 which controls the operation of the refrigerator 47 and the heater 48.

The automatic air regulation system consists of an air pressure sensor 83 coupled to an amplifier 84, which is connected via channel 85 to a normalizer 86, the output of which is connected to analog-to-digital converter 87, the output of which is connected to a comparison unit 88 and the display system of actual values adjustable parameter. The input unit 88 is also connected to the microprocessor 89 via the channel 90, and to the output it is connected to the threshold device 91 and the storage device 92. The output of the device 91 is connected to the control system of the control channels operability.

The output of the device 92 is connected to a digital-to-analog converter 93, which is connected to an amplifier 94, the latter through a channel 95 is connected to a regulator 96, which controls the operation of the control valve 35 of the control line for the overpressure of the air in tank 1, and also controls the operation of the regulating valve the valve 55 and the compressor 56 of the regulation line of the reduced air pressure in the tank 1.

The system of automatic regulation of the relative humidity of the air consists of a sensor 97 of the relative humidity of the air connected to the amplifier 98, the latter connected via channel 99 to the normalizer 100, the output of which is connected to the analog-to-digital converter 101. On the output, the converter 101 is connected to the unit 102 comparing and the display system of the actual values of the parameters. The input unit 102 is also connected to the microprocessor 103 via the channel 104. The output unit 102 is connected to the threshold device 105, which is connected to the control channel health monitoring device and to the storage device 106, the latter is connected to the digital-to-analog converter 107, which is connected with amplifier 108. Amplifier 108 is connected via channel 109 to a relative air humidity controller that controls the operation of control valves 44 and 45 of the humidified and dried air supply lines to the compressor 46.

The automatic water temperature control system consists of a water temperature sensor 1 11 connected to a water temperature signal amplifier 112 connected via channel 113 to a normalizer 114. The latter output is connected to an analog digital transmitter 115. The output converter is connected to block 116 comparing and a display system of actual parameter values. The output comparison unit 116 is also connected to the microprocessor 117 via channel 118. On output, the unit 116 is connected to the threshold device 119 and to the storage device 120. The output of the device 119 is also connected to the control channel performance monitoring system. The output of the device 120 is connected to a digital-to-analog converter 121 connected to the input of the amplifier 122, the latter connected to the controller 123 via the channel 123, controlling the operation of the refrigerator 28 and the heater 29.

The system for automatically controlling the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water consists of a sensor 125 of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water associated with amplifier 126, which is connected via channel 127 to a normalizer 128. The output of the latter is connected to an analog-to-digital converter 129, the latter is connected to output with a block 130 of comparison and with a system of indication of actual values of parameters. The comparison unit 130 is also connected to the control microprocessor 131 via the channel 132. On the output, the comparison unit 130 is connected to the threshold device 133 and to the storage device 134. The output of the device 133 is also connected to the control channel health monitoring system.

The output of the device 134 is connected to a digital-to-analog converter 135, which is connected to the input of an amplifier 136, the latter is connected via a channel 137 to a regulator 138 that controls the operation of the control valve 25.

The system of automatic dimming by spectral components consists of a sensor 139 for illumination by spectral components connected to an amplifier 40 of signals for illumination by spectral components, which is connected via channel 141 to a normalizer 142 for signals of illumination by spectral components. The output of the latter is connected to the input of the analog-digital converter 143, the output of the latter is connected

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with block 144 comparisons and with a display system of actual parameters. The output of the comparator unit 144 is connected to the microprocessor 145 via the channel 146 with the threshold device 147 and with the memory device 148. The output of the latter is also connected to the control system of the performance of the control channels.

The output of memory 148 is coupled to a digital-to-analog converter 149 connected by an output to an input of amplifier 150, which is connected via channel 151 to a spectral component dimmer 152, which according to signals connects the necessary sources of artificial light 22.

The system of automatic adjustment and correction of illumination by spectral components. Consists of a sensor 139 for illumination by spectral components, which outputs, in addition to signals from a general illumination, signals of the extreme components of the visible spectrum (ultraviolet and infrared parts of the spectrum). The outputs of sensor 139 are connected to amplifiers 152 and 153, which are connected via channel 154 to a normalizer 155. The latter is connected to an analog-to-digital converter 156, the outputs of which are connected to a comparison unit 157 and to a display system of actual parameter values. The input comparison unit 157 is also connected to the microprocessor 158 via channel 159. The output of block 157 is also connected to the threshold device 160 and to the storage device 161, the output of which is connected to the control channels performance monitoring system, the device 6 is connected to a digital-to-analog converter 162 which is connected to the amplifier 163. The latter is connected via channel 164 to the dimming control 165 by spectral components. The controller 165 carries out Vk.-1yuchenie artificial light sources 21 required for the correction of the illumination of the lamps.

The soil temperature automatic control system consists of a soil temperature sensor 166 connected to an amplifier 167, which is connected via channel 168 to a normalizer 169 connected to analog-to-digital converter 170 on output. The output of the latter is connected to a comparison block 171 and to the system indication of the actual values of the parameter. An input comparison unit 171 is also coupled to the microprocessor 172 via a channel 173, the latter is connected to a threshold device 174 and to a memory device.

175. The output threshold device 174 is associated with the channel health monitoring system, and the memory 175 is associated with a digital-to-analog converter

176, which is associated with amplifier 177, you

the path through channel 178 is connected to a soil temperature controller 179, which controls the operation of the refrigerator 68 and the heater 69.

The automatic regulation system of precipitation consists of sensors 180 of precipitation associated with amplifier 181 of signals of precipitation connected via channel 182 with a normalizer 183. The output of the normalizer is connected with analog-to-digital converter 184, which is connected with block 185 with the display system of the actual values of the parameter. Converter 184 is also connected to the input to microprocessor 186 on channel 187. Converter outputs are connected to threshold device 188 and to memory 189. Output of threshold device 188 is connected to the channel health monitoring system, and output of memory 189 is connected to digital Analogue converter 190, which is connected to amplifier 191, is last connected via channel 192 to controller 193, which controls the operation of regulating valve 41, which provides quantitative water flow through sprinklers 14 in the form of sediment s according to a given program of precipitation.

The outputs of analog-to-digital converters 75, 87, 101, 115, 129, 143, 156, 170, and 184 are connected via channel 194 to indicator 195 of actual parameter values. The outputs of the threshold devices 77, 91, 105, 119, 133, 147, 160, 177 and 188 through channel 196 are associated with an indicator of the performance monitoring of channels 197.

The outputs of microprocessors 198, 89, 103, 117, 131, 145, 158, 172, and 186 are associated with the indicator 199 of the specified parameter values. The autonomous calendar clock 200 at the outputs is associated with the current time indicator 201 and with microprocessors 198, 89, 103, 117, 131, 145, 158, 172 and 183. The microprocessor programming unit 202 is connected at the input to the control communication unit 203 command-measuring complex, and on output with microprocessors 198, 89, 103, 117, 131, 145, 158, 172 and 183. Block

203 at the entrance is associated with an autonomous calendar 200 for hours and with block 201 for controlling the command-measuring complex, and

on exit - with blocks 202 and 204 and with the command-measuring complex. Block

The 204 output of telemetry data on the output is connected with the control microprocessors 198, 89, 103, 117, 131, 145, 158, 172

and 183.

The systems of automatic control of parameters are implemented as digital systems, since the solution of the tasks of controlling climatic and physicochemical parameters of the environment in an artificial ecological system is carried out by controlling microphones.

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by the processors, and the result is in digital form. The comparison of the set and actual parameters is carried out in digital form, which makes it easy to obtain the required accuracy of the adjustment of the parameters. Subsequently, the control action is converted to analog or discrete form and fed to the corresponding controllers. In the proposed installation, the automatic parameter control systems are made in the form of autonomous units, which makes it possible to increase the reliability of the entire complex of automatic control of climatic parameters as a whole.

To use the installation for cultivating aquatic organisms as an aquarium, the ventilation windows 18 are open, and the temperature, pressure and humidity control systems are shut down. The system for regulating the precipitation regimes is also disconnected from the work, and the system for regulating the temperature regime of the soil environment is put into operation as needed.

To start the proposed installation in aquarium operation mode, water from the water source through the open valve 50 is pump 40 through communications 37-39 into the tank of unit 23. As the unit 23 is filled with water, water is then pumped 26 through the open valve 27 through communications 28 and 29, the check valve 30 and through the open valves 33 into the perforated pipe 5 of the upper channel 4, fishing 4. In this case, water flows through the openings of the pipes into the bottoms of the channels 4, passes through the openings of the partition 6 with the soil substrate, and also rises upwards through the water drain pipe 7 and thus fills the entire lower part of the tank 1. When the required water level in the tank 1 is reached, the water through the water pipes 9 of the overflow pipes 8 with open valves 36 of the middle and lower channels 4 and open valves 36 and 32 through pump 40 is fed back to block 23, thus ensuring a closed circulation of water. At the same time, in order to maintain a predetermined level of water in tank 1, the performance of pumps 40 and 26 and valves 27, 32 and 39 should be the same, for which purpose they were adjusted for throughput and performance. After filling the installation with water, the valve 50 is closed.

If it is necessary to cultivate plants in the soil substrate of the channels 4, they plant the plants before filling the tank 1 with water. After a stable water level is established, s in tank 1 include the system of automatic control of water temperature, gas mode of water, illumination by spectral components and the system of automatic control of correction of illumination by spectral components.

To rearrange the plant for cultivating aquatic organisms from the aquarium mode to the terrarium operation mode, lower the water level in reservoir 1 until the middle and lowest channels 4 remain under water, or only the lowest channel 4 remains submerged under water. In the case of non-submerged water, the channels represent a model of a land area, and the channels 4 submerged with water constitute a model of the aquatic environment, and in the complex all channels constitute in this case a model of a dry environment — an aqueous medium.

In the case of using the upper and middle channels 4 as a model of a land plot, i.e., into the water-free channels 4, water flows through the valves 33 into the perforated drain pipes 5, the channel passes through the partition with the soil substrate and the pipes 6 and overflows through the pipes 9 -in the pipe 8 of the middle channel, the valve 33 of the pipe 5 in this case is closed. When the valve 33 of the pipe 5 of the middle channel 4 is closed, water flows by gravity from the pipe 8 of the upper channel 4 into the perforated pipe 5 of the middle channel 4, passes a perforated partition 6 and its pipes 7 with the soil substrate and flows through pipes 9 of the same pipe then enters through the perforated pipe 5 of the lower channel 4 (valve 33 of the pipe 5 of this channel is preferably closed), and through pipe 8 with pipe 9, water flows from the lower channel into the circulation circuit in the described manner,

In the automatic mode of operation of the plant as a terrarium, the ventilation windows 18 are closed, and the entrance to the inside of the reservoir 1 is made through the lock chamber 17. To ensure that the plant operates in a predetermined mode of the system of automatic control of temperature, air pressure and humidity, temperature and gas water regime, soil temperature and precipitation regime are included in the work.

To use this installation as a climate chamber, providing the conditions for the overlap of valves 33, water from tank 1 with valves 35 and 36 open is fed into the circulation circuit and after emptying tank 1 from water, valves 35 and 36 of pipe 5 of the lower channel 4 are closed and also close the valves 36 of the middle n of the upper channels 4 and open the valve 31 to supply water along the circulation circuit, mine tank 1.

Drainage waters formed in the process of the automatic control of the precipitation regime are fed through perforated pipes 5 channels 4 through

open valves 35 and 36, non-return valve 57 either via communications 52, 53 and 59, or via communications 54, 55, 56 and 58 (depending on the mode of operation of the air pressure control system in tank 1) and further along the pipeline 60 to tank 61, from which it is important to drain the water through valve 62 to the circulation circuit.

The regulation of climatic parameters in the installation is carried out as follows.

To maintain the required air temperature in tank 1, a sensor 71 is used, which converts the actual air temperature value into electrical signals amplified by electronic amplifier 72 and transmitted through channel 73 to normalizer 74. Normalizer 74 reduces (or increases) proportionally the input from amplifier 72 the voltage corresponding to the actual value of air, bringing it to a level that would fall within the range of -5 V, which meets the requirements imposed on the input signals for povogo analog-to-digital converter.

The electrical analog signal converted by the normalizer 74 is fed to the input of an analog-to-digital converter 75, which converts it to digital form.

The actual value of air temperature B is digitally fed to the indicator of actual values of temperature 195 through channel 194 and to comparison unit 76. A given value of air temperature from microprocessor 196 through channel 203 is supplied to this block. Comparison unit 76 performs the operation of subtracting the specified temperature value from the actual value. In this way, the magnitude of the deviation of the actual value of the air temperature from the set in digital form is determined, as well as the sign of the deviation (i.e. + il or -).

The obtained deviation value is recorded in a memory device 78, which is a memory register, and is also fed to a threshold device 77, which analyzes the magnitude of the deviation obtained. If the absolute value of the deviation exceeds the set threshold, which can occur in the event of failure of one of the main elements of the automatic control system (sensor, amplifier, normalizer of the analog-digital converter, digital-analog converter and controller) or control complex, the device 77 blocks the automatic control channel and via channel 196 gives an alarm to the channel health monitoring indicator 197.

The memory device 78 stores the deviation value from the air temperature setpoint during the control cycle or for the duration of the blocking of the faulty channel.

To use the control action in the air temperature control system, the signal from the output of the memory device 78 is fed to a digital-to-analog converter 79, which converts it to an analog electric signal amplified by the electronic amplifier 80.

From the output of the latter, the control signal is transmitted via channel 81 to the controller 82, which controls the operation of the refrigerator 47 and the heater 48. Depending on the sign of the control signal, either the refrigerator 47 or the heater 48 is turned on.

In order to maintain the required air pressures in tank 1, the electrical signal taken from pressure sensor 83 is amplified by amplifier 84 and fed through channel 85 to normalizer 86, which adjusts it in accordance with established requirements. The normalized analog electrical signal corresponding to the actual air pressure in tank 1 is converted by digital-to-digital converter 87 to digital form and fed through channel 194 to actual value indicator 195 for air pressure, as well as to block 88 of comparisons. From the output of the microprocessor 89, the control of air pressure through the channel 90 enters the block 88 comparing the set values of the parameter. At the output of the latter, we obtain the deviation values of the actual pressure value from the preset one, which is fed to the threshold device 91 for monitoring the channel operability and to the memory device 92. The deviation value taken from the output of the memory device 92 is transmitted to the digital-to-analog converter 93, which converts This value is an analog electrical signal. The values of the air pressure deviation in analog form, taken from the output of the converter 93, are amplified by the electronic amplifier 94 and fed through the channel 95 to the regulator 96, which, depending on the sign of the deviation, controls either the reinforced-pressure valve 53 or the compressor 55 56 ling-in of reduced pressure - SRI of air in the tank 1.

The specified value of the relative humidity of air in the tank 1 is carried out by means of a sensor 97 of the relative humidity of air, which converts the actual value of the relative humidity of air into electrical signals amplified by the electronic amplifier 98 and transmitted through channel 99 to the normalizer

100. The latter reduces (or increases) in proportion to the voltage from the amplifier 98, corresponding to the actual value of air humidity, bringing it to a level that would fit within ~ -5 V.

The electrical analog signal converted by the normalizer 100 is input to the analog-to-digital converter 101, which converts the electrical signal to digital form.

The actual value of air humidity is digitally supplied to the indicator of actual values of relative humidity 195 through channel 194 and to comparison unit 102, to which a given value of relative humidity of air from microprocessor 103 through channel 104 is also supplied. Comparison unit 102 performs the operation of subtracting the specified relative value air humidity from the actual value. By subtracting, the deviation of the actual value of the relative humidity of the air from the target value is determined numerically, as well as the sign of the deviation (i.e. + or -).

The obtained deviation value is recorded in a memory device 106, which is a memory register, and this value is fed to a threshold device 105, which analyzes the magnitude of the deviation obtained. If the magnitude of the deviation in absolute value exceeds the set threshold, which can occur in the event of failure of one of the main elements of the automatic control system (sensor, amplifier, normalizer, analog-digital converter, digital-analog converter or controller) or the complex of automatic control of parameters and channel 196 in this case, an alarm is given to the channel health monitoring indicator 197.

The device 106 stores the value of the deviation from the set value of the relative humidity of the air during the control cycle or for the duration of the blockage of the faulty channel.

To use a control action in the air humidity control system, the signal from the output of the memory 106 is fed to a digital-to-analog converter 107, which converts it into an analog electrical signal amplified by the electronic amplifier 108.

From the output of the latter, the control signal through the channel 109 is fed to the regulator 110, which controls the operation of the control valves 44 and 45. In this case, depending on the sign of the electrical signal, the control

valve 44 dry air lines or control valve 45 humid air lines.

In order to maintain the required water temperature, the electrical signal taken from the water temperature sensor 111 is amplified by the amplifier 112 and fed through the channel 113 to the normalizer 114, which adjusts the incoming signal in accordance with the established requirements. The normalized analog electrical signal corresponding to the actual value of the water temperature is converted by the analog-digital converter 115 to digital form and fed through channel 194 to indicator 195 of the actual values of water temperature, as well as to the comparison unit 116. From the output of the microprocessor 117, control the temperature value water through the channel 118 enters the block 116 comparing the set values of water temperature. At the output of the latter, we obtain the deviations of the actual value of the water temperature from the setpoint, which is fed to the threshold device 119 to monitor the performance of the channel and to memorize, its device 120. The deviation value removed from the output is remembered, its devices 120 are fed to the digital channel - gov converter 121, which converts this value into an analog electrical signal. The value of the water temperature deviation in analog form, taken from the output of the converter 121, is amplified by the electronic amplifier 122 and fed through the channel 123 to the controller 124, which, depending on the sign of the deviation, controls the operation of either the refrigerator 28 or the heater 29, thus providing at one time, by heating or cooling the set temperature in the tank 1.

The specified gas regime of the aqueous medium in the installation is provided as follows.

The actual value of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water from the sensor 125 in the form of electrical signals is fed to the amplifier 126. The signals of the value of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water, amplified by the electronic amplifier 126, go to the normalizer 128, which decreases (or increases) proportionally from the amplifier 126 voltage corresponding to the actual value of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water. The normalized analog electrical signal corresponding to the actual value of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water is then converted by the analog-digital converter 129 to digital form and fed through channel 194 to the indicator of actual values of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water, and this signal goes to the unit 130 comparisons. WITH

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the output of the microprocessor 131 controls the value of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water through channel 132 enters block 130 comparing the set values of oxygen concentration. At the output of which we obtain the deviation values of the actual value of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water from the preset value, which is fed to the threshold device 133 to monitor the health of the channel and the storage device 134. The deviation value taken from the output of the memory device 134 is fed to the digital analog a converter 135 that converts this value into an analog electrical signal. The deviation of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water in analog form, taken from the output of converter 135, is amplified by amplifier 136 and fed through channel 137 to controller 138, which controls the operation of control valve 25 to quantitatively meter air into the process of water aeration depending on the desired concentration dissolved oxygen in water.

The mode of illumination by spectral components in tank 1 according to a program to be specified is as follows.

The overall characteristic of spectral component refreshment from the illumination sensor 139 via spectral components in the form of electrical signals goes to the amplifier 140, from which the amplified signals go through channel 141 to the normalizer 142, which leads to the received electrical signals of the light. given requirements. Normalized analog electrical signals for spectral components corresponding to the actual light value are converted by analog-digital converter 143 to digital form and fed through channel 194 to indicator 195 of actual light values by spectral components, as well as to block 144 comparisons. From the output of the microprocessor 145, the illumination control signals on the channel 146 arrive at the block 144 comparing the set values of the illumination by the spectral components. At the output of the comparator unit 144, the deviation values of the actual value of the illumination from the predetermined value, which is fed to the threshold device 147 for monitoring the health of the channel and the storage device 148, are obtained. to analog electrical signal. The value of the illumination deviation in analog form, taken from the output of the converter 149, is amplified by electronic

amplifier 150 and supplied through channel 151 to controller 152, which turns the artificial light sources 22 on or off, according to the signals of the illuminance characteristics of the spectral components.

During installation operation in a given illumination mode by spectral components, this theme is provided for more accurate reproduction of this parameter by automatically adjusting the illumination correction by spectral components, providing compensation for the ultraviolet and infrared parts of the spectrum of light radiation.

For these purposes, information about the ultraviolet and infrared parts of the spectrum in the form of electrical signals from the illuminance sensor 135, via spectral components, via the corresponding amplifiers 152 and 153, goes through channel 154 to the normalizer 155, which brings these signals to the appropriate values. The normalized luminance correction signals are then converted by an analog-to-digital converter 154 to digital form and are then transmitted via channel 194 to the indicator of actual luminance correction values by spectral components, and also these signals are sent to the comparison unit 157.

From the output of the microprocessor 158, the control of the luminance correction values via the channel 159 enters the comparison block 157 of the luminance correction preset values. The output of which receives the deviation values of the actual illumination correction value by the spectral components from the preset, which is fed to the threshold device 160 to monitor the channel health and the memory 161. The deviation value removed from the output of the memory 161 is further fed to a digital-to-analog converter 162, which converts this value to an analog electrical signal. The analog deviation value of this parameter, taken from the output of converter 162, is amplified by electronic amplifier 163 and fed to a controller that controls the operation (switching on or off) of artificial light sources 21.

The predetermined temperature regime of the soil environment is provided by the installation of an automatic control system for the temperature regime of the soil environment. In order to automatically maintain a predetermined temperature mode by means of a sensor 166 located in the soil, information about the temperature of the soil in the form of electrical signals is fed to an amplifier 167, from which the amplified signals go through channel 168 to the normalizer 169, after which the values given in

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15

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25

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35

40

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The signals are then fed to analog-to-digital converter 170 for converting electrical signals about soil temperature to digital form. Then the soil temperature value in digital form is further fed to the indicator 195 of the actual soil temperature values via channel 194 and to comparison unit 171, where the predetermined temperature value of the soil environment from microprocessor 172 through channel 173 also goes. from the set point are fed to the threshold device 174 of the channel health control and to the memory device 175. The deviation value taken from the output of the memory device 175 is fed to the digital - a horn converter 176, from which the soil temperature values in analog form are fed to an amplifier 177 to amplify these signals. The signals amplified by the electronic amplifier 177 are fed through the channel 178 to the controller 179, which controls the operation of the cooler 68 and the heater 69 of the circulation circuit of the heat-transfer fluid, in which the heat-transfer fluid is continuously circulated through pipe communication by means of a pump 67, which pumps the heat-exchange fluid first the refrigerator 68, and then into the heater 69 and then into the thermostating jacket 3 through the valve 65 and into the thermostatic pipes through the open valves 63. After passing through the thermostating jacket 3 and The residual pipes 7 of the soil substrate 10 liquid coolant through the valve 66 and the valves 64 are fed back to the pump 67, thus performing a closed circulation, cooled in the refrigerator 68 or heated in the heater 69, maintains the predetermined temperature conditions of the soil environment.

The specified precipitation regime in tank 1 is provided as follows. In accordance with the program embedded in the microprocessor 186, signals are output to reproduce the required amount of precipitation as rain through channel 187 to the comparison unit 185 of the automatic control system for precipitation, in which the signal of a given precipitation amount was generated, and through the memory device 179 enters the digital input - a log converter 190, the latter converting the digital value of the amount of precipitation into an analog signal, which is amplified by the electronic amplifier 191, is sent via channel 192 to and a regulator 193, a control valve 41, which provides the dosing of water from the unit 23 by means of a pump 26 in a pressure pipe through the open valve 43. Thus

Thus, from the pressure pipeline, the control valve 41 provides the dosage of water to the pipelines 12, from which, through the valves 13, water flows under pressure to the sprinklers 14 and falls in the form of rain. The rainwater then flows through the soil substrate 10 and further along the drainage system can be discharged either through the water circulation circuit, or through communications 36, 35, 57, 64, 55, 52, 53 to collective funnels 58 and 59 and discharged through the pipeline 60 to tank 61, from which water can be returned to the circulation circuit through valve 62.

The amount of precipitation is monitored by sensors 180, the signals from which are fed through amplifier 181 through channel 182 to normalizer 183. From the output of normalizer 183, the signal goes to analog-to-digital converter 184, where it is digitized and then fed to the actual display system values of precipitation and at the input of blocks 185 comparison. Upon reaching the actual value of the precipitation given, which is determined by the comparison unit 185, a signal is given to close the valve 41 to shut off the water supply to reproduce the precipitation.

In addition, from the output of the comparator unit 185, the signal is fed to the threshold device 188 to monitor the operability of the precipitation mode channel. From the output of the threshold device 185, the signals through the channel 196 are fed to the indicator 197 of the operability of the channel of precipitation regimes.

The synchronization of the automatic control system of climate control parameters is realized by the calendar-clock 200. From its output, the current time values are fed to microprocessors 198, 89, 103, 117, 131, 145, 158, 172, 186, as well as indicator te

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ticking time 201. The synchronization pulses of the calendar hours are sent to the communication and control unit of the command-measuring complex.

Programming of microprocessors is accomplished with the aid of block 200, which is associated with microprocessors 198, 89, 103, 117, 131, 145, 158, 172, 186, as well as with the help of telemetry input block 204, which is also associated with microprocessors.

In the complex of automatic control of climatic parameters, the following parameters are displayed: the current in the time setting using the indicator 201 associated with the calendar.-hours 200, the specified values of the climatic parameters using the indicator 199 associated with the outputs of microprocessors 198, 89, SW, 117, 131, 142, 158, 172 and 186, actual values of climatic parameters with the help of indicator 195 connected via channel 194 with analog-digital converters 75, 87, 101, 115, 129, 143, 156, 170 and 184.

In addition, signaling of the health of the climate control channels is provided by means of the indicator 197; connected through channel 196 to the outputs of threshold devices 77, 91, 105, 119, 133, 147, 160, 174 and 188.

The design of this plant for the cultivation of aquatic, amphibious, and terrestrial organisms involves the cultivation under simulated conditions of climatic and physicochemical environmental parameters of both animal organisms: aquatic, alternately staying in aquatic conditions and in terrestrial (amphibian) and terrestrial, and plant organisms. : water, semi-submerged, floating on the surface of the water and ground.

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Claims (1)

INSTALLATION FOR CULTIVATION OF WATER ORGANISMS, including a collapsible hermetic tank for cultivating organisms, having a housing with a hermetic removable arch with artificial light sources and with light correction units for spectral components, a water circulation circuit, consisting of a filter system, a deaerator, a refrigerator, a heater and unit for water and air preparation of specified parameters, the last of which is connected via air ducts with a control valve to the compressed air supply device of the air, and communicated by means of a drained supply line, a humidified supply line, and a thermostatic air line of a predetermined humidity with a reservoir for cultivating organisms, the drained and humidified air supply line by means of control valves communicating with a thermostatic air supply line of a given humidity, consisting of a compressor, a refrigerator, heater and check valve, the reservoir for the cultivation of organisms is equipped with a line for regulating air pressure, air ducts to It includes check valves with control valves and a compressor, and is also equipped with sensors for temperature, pressure and relative humidity, water temperature and spectral illuminance, and a unit for preparing water and air of a given humidity is equipped with a sensor for the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water, the sensors are connected with a complex of automatic control of climatic parameters connected by means of regulators with a refrigerator and a heater for the supply line of thermostated air this humidity, with control valves for humidified and dried air and air pressure lines, with a compressor drive for the air pressure control line and with a control valve for the air duct of the compressed air supply device, and the complex of automatic climate control consists of an input and control panel for specified climate parameters, a microprocessor control , an autonomous calendar of hours, an indication system of preset and actual parameters, and a remote control for input and control of a preset parameters associated with the command-measuring complex of climatic parameters of a given area, characterized in that, in order to improve the reliability and reproduce simulated conditions of the temperature of the soil and precipitation, the installation is equipped with an analog-to-digital converter, a comparison unit, threshold and memory devices, the bottom of the reservoir for the cultivation of organisms cascaded channels are formed with perforated drainpipes located in them and transverse perforated partition for the second substrate, on which are installed along the temperature control pipe and underneath along each channel - overflow pipe with a vertically arranged nozzles spillway and tank bottom for culturing organisms is equipped with a thermostatic jacket and bottom walls are arranged longitudinally of piping> wires with sprinklers connected by means of a control valve to a water supply pump, and in the hermetic removable arch, longitudinal slots are made, closed by an optically transparent material, and the corresponding ends of the perforated drainpipe are connected via valves with a water circulation circuit and a spillway with vertically arranged spillways, this, each spillway of the upper channel is in communication with the output end of the perforated drainpipe of the underlying channel and the system automatic regulation of temperature, pressure and humidity, water temperature, gas mode of water, illumination by spectral components, are connected via an analog-to-digital converter to an indication system of actual parameters and a comparison unit, the latter is connected to a threshold and memory devices and to a control microprocessor connected with a calendar-clock, a programming unit for the input and control panel of the set climate parameters, an indicator of the set parameter values.