SU117910A1 - Apparatus for continuous distillation of liquid mixtures - Google Patents

Description

The described apparatus for the continuous distillation of liquid mixtures, for example, technical dibutyl phthalate, which includes a heated evaporator and a heat exchange device, reduces the specific steam consumption and allows continuous and simultaneous selection of three fractions of the accelerated mixture.

The peculiarity of the apparatus is that in it the vapor space is connected with the annular space of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, into the tube space of which the accelerated mixture is fed.

Inside the heat exchanger tubes, steam pipes of smaller diameter are installed to ensure the supply of the required amount of heat to the tube space of the heat exchanger.

The drawing shows a diagram of the apparatus.

In the expander / cylindrical shape, having a tapered bottom and a high-speed drift separator 2, two rectangular hollow boxes from the ends of the box 5 are mounted. The evaporator / is equipped with a manhole 4 for cleaning and fittings 5, 6, 7 -k. 8, respectively, for a vacuum gauge, a thermocouple, a residue discharge, and for feeding the evaporator to a dispersed liquid mixture. The necessary heat for distillation, e.g. dibutyl phthalate, is provided by means of safe inductive heating. For this purpose, a copper winding 9 is wound on the outer surface of the evaporator housing, to which an electrical current of 60 volts is applied through the transformer 10 and the starting equipment. Winding 9 is protected by asbestos insulation //.

Above the evaporator / heat exchanger device is located, made in the form of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 12 with tubes protruding above the tube grille.

 117910-2 -

Inside each tube of the heat exchanger 12, a steam tube 13 of smaller diameter is installed, said tubes 13 are flared in their tube sheets, forming a rigid connection to the heat exchanger 12 below, and a floating head from above.

A fitting 14 for supplying a technical product, a fitting 15 for supplying steam, a fitting 16 for evacuating fumes, such as alcohol and water, are located in the upper part of the apparatus. The fitting 17 is intended to discharge condensed vapors, such as dibutyl phthalate. The fitting 18- for a conclusion of condensate. Tubes 19 for mixing vapor (dibutyl phthalate) from the evaporator / into the menstrual space of the heat exchanger 12.

Technically, dibutyl phthalate is continuously fed through fitting 14 to the tube grid of heat exchanger 12, fills the space around the top of the tubes, pours over their edges and flows down through the annular cavity between the tubes of the heat exchanger and tubes 13. During the flow of the product, the boiling component distills, for example alcohol and water. The heat required for stripping off the lightly boiled components at the initial moment is provided by pairs of appropriate pressure and temperature passing through the tubes 13.

Through nozzle 8, the product continuously enters the evaporator, where the distillation of dibutyl phthalate takes place with the separation of resinous compounds. The dibutyl phthalate vapors through pipes 19 enter the annular space of the heat grinder, condense and give off heat to distill easily boiling components, after which only the required amount of steam is fed through nipple 15 for complete distillation of the light boiling component.

Thus, during the operation of the apparatus, the liquid resulting from condensation from the evaporator, the liquid is taken out through the nozzle 17 as the average boiling fraction. The vapors formed in the annular space between the tubes 13 and the heat exchanger tubes are discharged from the top of the apparatus through the fitting 16 as an operating unit, its fraction, and from the bottom of the evaporator, the high boiling fraction is discharged from the bottom 7. In case of insufficient heat of condensation of lars, heating steam is fed to the tubes 13 through the floating head to distill the low boiling fraction into the tubes 13.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. An apparatus for the continuous distillation of liquid: liquid mixtures, for example technical dibutyl phthalate, consisting of a heated evaporator and a heat exchanger device, characterized in that, in order to reduce the specific steam consumption and ensure the possibility of continuous and simultaneous selection of three fractions of the mixture being distilled, in the apparatus The vapor space of the evaporator is connected to the annular space of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, into the tube space of which the accelerated mixture is fed from above. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that tubes of smaller diameter are installed inside the heat exchanger tubes to ensure the supply of the required amount of heat to the tube space of the heat exchanger.