SU1144664A1 - Automatic irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

AUTO4ATIZED IRRIGATING SYSTEM, including a distribution channel with stabilizers of water levels along the length of the channel in places of drainage into irrigators with irrigation installations and a water supply controller at the beginning of the distribution channel with a regulator drive control unit and power source, which is different in order to simplify the design and reduce operating costs, the system is equipped with a dosing unit in the form of two pairs of relays to open and close the gate to change the flow rate to the distribution channel by the value of p the input is successively first on the value of two, and then one flow rate of the irrigation installation, as well as a time relay and upper and lower levels installed before each stabilizer, connected to the control unit, made in the form of an opening and closing relay, the contacts of which are connected to the metering unit through the time relay contacts unit, the opening relay is connected to the power source through the parallel contacts of the lower level sensors, and the closing relay is connected to the power source es series connected sensor contacts the upper layer.

Description

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The invention relates to agriculture and can be applied to irrigation systems, which are intended for irrigation of agricultural crops, in particular, wide sprinkler sprinklers, for example, Kuban.

A known automated irrigation system includes a water supply controller at the start of a distribution channel with downstream level stabilizers and irrigators with irrigation plants 1.

The disadvantages of the known system are large capital costs and large losses of water for discharge.

An automated irrigation system is also known, comprising a distribution channel with stabilizers of water levels along the channel in places of drainage in irrigation 1 and with irrigation installations and a water supply controller at the beginning of the distribution channel with a regulator drive control unit and a power source 2.

The disadvantages of this system are the complexity of the design and the high operating costs, which is associated with the need to build a reserve pool, a high-flow pumping unit and high power consumption.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and reduce operating costs.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the system is equipped with a dosing unit in the form of two pairs of relays for opening and closing the shutter to change the flow to the distribution channel by the flow rate sequentially, first by the value of two, and then one flow rate of the irrigation installation, as well as the time relay, installed before each the stabilizer sensors of the upper and lower levels connected to the control unit, made in the form of an opening and closing relay, the contacts of which through the contacts of the time relay are connected to the dosing loci, and the opening relay connected to the power supply connected in parallel across contacts of the lower level sensor and closes the relay connected to the power source via the series connection of the upper layer contacts the sensors.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an automated irrigation system; in fig. 2 is an electrical diagram of a water supply regulator with a metering unit.

The automated irrigation system contains a water supply controller 1 connected to gate 2 through drive 3, which determines the flow of water from the source of irrigation 4 to distribution channel 5

with stabilizers 6 levels of the upper pool (for example, spillways), sprinklers 7 with sprinkling machines (or other irrigation plants, not shown) and equipped with sensors of the upper 8 and lower 9 levels (their contacts are conventionally shown) with floats 10, connected, for example, with floats and installed in front of stabilizers 6, and the contacts of the sensors 8 and 9 levels are connected respectively with the closing and opening inputs 10 of the water supply controller 1. The water supply controller (Fig. 2) contains an opening 11 and a closing 12 relays, a time relay 13, and a dosing unit consisting of relay pairs 14-17. Relays 11 and 12 have normally open contacts, respectively, 18-23, time relay 13 has normally open 24-26 contacts and normally closed contact 27. Sensors 8 and 9 have respectively normally open contacts 28 and normally closed contacts 29.

In the proposed automated irrigation system, a damping volume of water is created by the operational control system at the expense of part of the accumulating volume of one or a pair of adjacent irrigators, and this function is promptly transferred to the irrigator from the lowest working machine at the moment. In this case, the damping volume is in the channel system, therefore it is used without a pump installation with a corresponding decrease in costs and increased reliability, it is used operatively during the main control, therefore it is not necessary to accept it with an overestimation of the value.

The contacts of the upper level sensors 8 are adjusted for their closure at the level Nmax max in the irrigators, which is chosen so that the volume of sprinklers enclosed between this level and the level of the ridge of this spillway is equal to; the contacts of the lower level sensors 9 are adjusted for their closure at the level in the HHUH irrigators, which is chosen so that the volume of irrigators enclosed between this level and the lower limit level (according to technical conditions per machine) is equal to Q -tj-Kg (QK - the nominal flow rate of the machine; ti tj is the time to reach the positive and negative water outflows; KI, Kg is the safety factor chosen for the specific conditions of the object).

The contact closure diagram of time relay 13 is shown in the lower part of FIG. 2. Relays 14 and 15 of the metering unit perform the function of normalizing the required magnitude of the gate movement. Normalization can be performed by setting the time of pulses and pauses, it is possible to additionally use a flow meter or

sensors of specified water levels in the distribution channel behind the gate 2, however, in all cases, blocks 14 and 15 provide a change in the flow rate supplied to the system by a specified amount.

A pair of relays 16 and 17 is tuned to t QH, and a pair of 14 to 15 relays is tuned to 2QK. Sprinklers 7 are bezklonnymi; The water supply to the system can be regulated not only by the shutter, but also by changing the number of operating pump units. The electrical connections are shown in FIG. 2

Automated irrigation system works as follows.

In the established mode, a certain set of mashes is included in the work and the water supply to the system is approximately equal to the water consumption of the included mashes as a result of previous adjustments. In connection with the use of upper level stabilizers, all sprinklers, except the lowest of the sprinklers with working plants (we will call them "lower working sprinklers.") Are filled, therefore the contacts of their level sensors 8 are closed, and the contacts 29 are open, but the lower ones are filled as sprinklers. As a rule, they are not filled, therefore the contacts of their sensors 28 and 29 are open. Lower sprinklers with inoperative machines are filled as a result of previous adjustments, therefore the contacts of their sensors 28 are closed, and the contacts of their sensors 29 are open.

The imbalance between the water supply to the system and its consumption by the switched on machines can occur only in the lower operating sprinklers. If the water supply to the system is slightly higher than water consumption, the level in the lower operating sprinklers gradually increases; when the level rises to Hcc, the contact of these sprinklers closes. Since the contacts 28 of the upstream sensors were closed, the relay 12 closes through time relay 13 and the dosing unit (relay) 15 gives the gate 2 a command to set the reduction of water supply to the system. During the time of the run-down time, the water level in the lower operating sprinklers continues to rise, however, the overflow of these sprinklers does not occur, since the required reserve is provided by choosing Npax. An additional change in water supply is also excluded as long as time relay 13 continues counting the control cycle time, after which it starts to decrease and returns to the main range. If the water supply to the system is somewhat less than water consumption, the water level in the lower operating sprinklers 7 is gradually reduced; when the level goes down to Nshsh, the contact of the sensor of the lower sprinkler 9 closes through regulator 1, giving the gate 2 a command to set the increase in the flow rate supplied to the system. During the time of the run-in time, the water level in these irrigators continues to decrease (but by adjusting the sensor to the value of Ninn there is a supply of water, which excludes an emergency stop of the activated machine), after which it starts to rise and returns to the main range. If during the control cycle (contact 27 of time relay 13 is opened and this relay returns to its initial state) the level does not normalize, the control process is repeated.

Thus, when there is a shortage of water in the system, i.e. When a signal from one of the sensors 9 appears, the regulator 1 initially (via contacts 19 and 25) increases the feed by 2 QH, but then after the time set on time relay 13 (via contacts 20 and 26) reduces the feed by 1 QH i.e. leaves a total flow rate increment of q

2QM - QII QMPWhen there is an excess of water in the system, when contacts 8 are closed and relay 12 is turned on, the forced disturbance compensation process proceeds in a similar way: first, initial flow decreases by 2 Qn (contacts 25.22 and relay 15), and then increases by 1 Q c (pins 26, 23 and relay 17), leaving the total increase in flow rate uQ. - 2

-Qn.

The use of a double (forced) increment in the first control phase with the subsequent transition to the usual value of the adjustment step ensures accelerated compensation of disturbances, i.e. enhances the stabilizing ability of the control system.

When turned on, the system provides a filled state of all downstream sprinklers in the control process. In this case, two options are possible: there are no machines in the system, there are machines in the system.

If the machines do not work for a long time, the levels in all irrigators are gradually reduced. When the level in some irrigator drops to the closure of contact 29, regulator 1 opens the shutter and begins to supply water to the system. In this case, the feeding process continues until all the contacts 28 are completely closed, i.e. until all sprinklers in the system are filled.

If at least one of the machines works, then the process can sometimes proceed in a similar way, if there is a strict equality of the costs supplied and withdrawn by the machine. However, more often the process proceeds as follows.

With the next increase in the supply of contact during operation of the machine in the sprinkler controller increases the flow of water into the system. If there is at least one more open contact 8 in the system, the command to reduce the flow will not be formed until this contact is closed, i.e. until all sprinklers are filled.

Thus, the filling of all sprinklers occurs automatically by the same control system. In an inoperative system, the levels in the sprinklers may be lower than the closure of the sensors 8, but they cannot be lower than the closure of the sensors 9, but the latter condition is necessary and sufficient for the normal operation of the system.

The imbalance of the supply and consumption of water into the system due to the installation of weirs cannot be made anywhere except in the irrigator with the lower working machine.

If the supply is unnecessary, it is thrown down through the weirs and raises the level in the lower working fill. If the water is low, the upper machines take their own, and only that which is not needed for the upper machines passes through the weirs, only the remainder of the upper machines passes to the lower machine. Since it is (by assumption) less water intake by the machine, the level in the irrigator of the lower working machine decreases, i.e. unbalance manifests itself only in the sprinkler of the lower running machine.

If an additional sprinkler is turned on, the control process proceeds as follows.

When the machine is turned on, it takes the flow that was previously supplied to the machine in the underlying sprinkler in the latter, the closure of the contact of sensor 9 of the underlying sprinkler leads to an increase in water supply to the system.

If one of the working sprinkler machines is turned off, the excess water supply is manifested in the underlying irrigation body as surplus. The response of the system to this factor is described above. If the machine is turned off in the last operating sprinkler, the closure of the contact of sensor 8 leads to a decrease in the water supply by the gate 2 in the same way as described, but now

5, the supply of the required flow rate system is manifested in the previous lower operating sprinkler 7, which assumes the function of the regulating volume, i.e. further feed adjustment process

JJ water into the system is made by contacts 28 and 29 of sensors 8 and 9 of the penultimate sprinkler. After the last running machine is turned off (for example, in the first irrigator), the contact of sensor 8 is closed, the valve is fully closed, the running water is accumulated in the irrigators, the system is filled with water and is ready for operation.

The proposed system provides accelerated compensation of disturbances and reliable operation while simultaneously turning on or off two or more machines. The economic effect of introducing one system for 10 Kuban type irrigation machines is more than 13 thousand rubles. in year.

Claims (1)

AUTOMATED IRRIGATING SYSTEM, including a distribution channel with stabilizers of water levels along the length of the channel at the points of discharge to irrigators with irrigation plants and a water supply regulator at the beginning of the distribution channel with a control unit for controlling the regulator and a power source, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design and reduce operational costs, the system is equipped with a metering unit in the form of two pairs of shutter opening and closing relays for changing the flow rate into the distribution channel by the flow rate sequentially, first, by the amount of two, and then one flow rates of the irrigation plant, as well as the time relay and the sensors of the upper and lower levels installed in front of each stabilizer, connected to the control unit, made in the form of an opening and closing relay, the contacts of which are connected to the dosing device through the contacts of the time relay unit, and the opening relay is connected to the power source through the parallel contacts of the lower level sensors, and the closing relay is connected to the power source through flax included contacts the upper level sensor.