SU1091206A1 - Device for transmitting information with compression - Google Patents

Abstract

1. DEVICE FOR TRANSFER OF FORMATION WITH COMPRESSION, containing a pulse generator, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the reference signal generator, the second output - to the first input of the control unit, the outputs of the reference signal generator are connected to the first inputs of modulators, the second inputs of which are combined and connected to the input of the device, the outputs of the modulators are connected to the information inputs of the integrators, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the memory blocks, at the inputs of the memory blocks are connected to the corresponding and the first outputs of the device and information inputs of the shift register, the control input of which is connected to the first output of the control unit, the second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the first control inputs of the integrators and memory blocks, the fourth output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the adder and the multiplier, the information input of which is connected to the output of the shift register, the output of the multiplier is connected to the second output device CTgaj, the output of the adder is connected to the first input of the first block of comparison The output of which is connected to the second input of the control unit, the fifth output of which is connected to the second input of the reference signal generator, the output of the first memory block is connected to the second control input of the second integrator, the output of each next i-ro memory block is connected to the second control the inputs 2i-l and the 21st integrator, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the transmitted information, keys, accumulators, a second comparison unit, first, are entered into it. the input of which is connected to the output of the adder, the information inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the respective integrators, the first inputs of the first and second keys are combined and connected to the input of the device, the outputs of the first and second keys are connected to the first inputs of the respective drives, the control inputs of which are combined and connected to the sixth output of the control unit; the outputs of the drives are connected to the second iNd inputs of the corresponding keys and comparison blocks; the output of the second comparison block is connected to temu entry control unit. .2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit contains decoders, pulse shapers, delay elements, OR elements, counters, counter outputs are connected to the inputs of the corresponding pulse shapers through appropriate debrishers, the output of the first pulse shaper is connected directly to the first

Description

input element And through the first delay element to the first input of the second counter, the output of the second shaper, pulses connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is connected to the input of the second delay element, the output of the second OR element connected to the second input of the AND element, the output of which connected to the input of the third pulse generator, to the second input of the first element OR and the installation

the counter inputs, the count input of the first counter, the first and second inputs of the second element OR are connected respectively to the first, second and third inputs of the control unit, the outputs of the third pulse generator, the second delay element, the first OR element, the second counter, the first delay element and the And element are connected respectively to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth outputs of the control unit.

The invention relates to signal conversion systems and can be used in telemetry and information processing systems using adaptive data compression methods, including in the measurement of non-stationary processes.  The adaptive compression method using orthogonal decompositions is known, which consists in the fact that at a certain time interval the monitored signal is decomposed into basic orthogonal signals and is represented as a spectral decomposition with a given number of spectral components.  It then performs the restoration of the signal and the assessment of the accuracy of the restoration at the edges of the decomposition.  If an error, t. e.  the difference between the original and the recovered signal does not exceed the allowable value, the decomposition interval is increased by one step and the whole procedure is repeated from the beginning, and if it is greater than the allowable value, then the approximation procedure is terminated and the results are output.  It is also known a device that partially implements this method and contains a memory cell, integrating blocks, multiplication blocks, a matrix non-counting circuit, an adder, subtractive devices, a comparison block, a key circuit, a control circuit, and a buffer memory block.  The length of the decomposition interval is given a priori by l.  The disadvantage of such a device is that the estimation of the parameter approximation error is carried out at the ends of the decomposition interval and is not controlled within the analyzed interval.  A technical solution is known that implements the control of the approximation error within the interval being analyzed, which contains an error detection unit, a time unit, a calculation unit, a result storage unit, and a logic unit.  However, to analyze the value of the error, it is necessary to memorize the values of the measured signal over the entire analyzed interval, which increases the memory capacity of the device and reduces its speed.  The closest to the present invention is a device for transmitting information with compression, which allows to reduce the amount of memory and increase speed due to the fact that when the approximation step is increased during adaptive compression, the measured signal is not analyzed again, its values are not remembered during the decomposition interval coefficients of decomposition are carried out by coefficients calculated at the previous stage of approximation.  The device contains a control unit, a pulse generator, a reference signal generator, modulators, integrators, memory blocks, a shift register, a multiplier, an analog adder, a comparison unit, the first output of the pulse generator is connected to the first input of the reference signal generator, the second output is the first inlet of the control unit, the outputs of the generator of the reference signals are connected to the first inputs of the modulators, the second inputs of which are combined and connected to the input of the device, the outputs of the modulators are connected to the information inputs of the raters, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the memory blocks, the outputs of the memory blocks are connected to the corresponding outputs of the device and the information inputs of the shift register, the control input of which is connected to the first output of the control unit, the second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the first control the integrator inputs and the control inputs of the memory blocks, the fourth output is connected to the second input of the reference signal generator, and the fifth output is connected to the control inputs of the analog adder and multiply the information input of which is connected to the output of the shift register, the output to the additional output of the device, the output of the analog adder is connected to the first input of the comparison unit, the second input of which is connected to the input of the device, the second integrator, the next i-ro memory block is connected to the second control inputs (21-1) and 2i-ro integrator, the outputs of all the memory blocks are connected to the corresponding information inputs of the analog adder C23.  A disadvantage of the known device is that the approximation onshoot is estimated only at the end of each approximation step, corresponding to the full decomposition interval, and is not analyzed during parameter measurement within the measurement interval. This may lead to a particular measure of non-stationary processes, which is an error on the end of the measurement interval will have a significant value, much larger than the allowable one.  A device is needed which, at the same speed and minimum memory capacity, would allow estimating the approximation error in the process of measuring parameters, in particular, the non-stationary process, and completing the measurement cycle immediately if the permissible error is exceeded without waiting for the decomposition interval to expire.  This will ensure measurement accuracy close to the target.  The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the transmitted information.  This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for transmitting information with compression, containing a pulse generator, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the generator of reference signals, the second output - to the first input of the control unit, the outputs of the generator of reference signals are connected to the first inputs of modulators, the second the inputs of which are combined and connected to the input of the device, the outputs of the modulators are connected to the information inputs of the integrators, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the memory blocks, the outputs of the block in memory are connected to the corresponding, their first outputs of the device and information inputs of the shift register, the control input of which is connected to the first output of the control unit, the second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the first control inputs of the integrators and memory blocks, the fourth output of the block control is connected to the control inputs of the adder and multiplier, whose information input is connected to the output of the shift register, the output of the multiplier is connected to the second output of the device, the output of the adder With the first input of the first comparison unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the control unit, the fifth output of which is connected to the second input of the reference signal generator, the output of the first memory block is connected to the second control input.  dsich second integrator, the output of each of the next i-ro memory block.  connected to the second control inputs 21-1 and 2 i-ro integrator, entered keys, drives, the second unit of comparison, the first input of which is connected to the output of the adder, the information inputs of which are connected to.  the outputs of the respective integrators, the first inputs of the first and second keys are combined and connected to the input of the device, the outputs of the first and second keys are connected to the first inputs of the respective drives, the control inputs of which are combined and connected to the sixth output of the control unit, the outputs of the drives are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding keys and comparison units, the output of the second comparison unit is connected to the third input of the control unit.  The control unit contains decoders, pulse drivers, delay elements, OR elements, counters, counter outputs are connected to the inputs of the corresponding pulse drivers via corresponding decoders, the output of the first pulse driver is connected directly to the first input of the AND element and through the first delay element to.  the first input of the second counter, the output of the second pulse driver is connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is connected; with the input of the second delay element, the output of the second element OR. connected to the second input of the AND element, the output of which is connected to the input of the third pulse driver, to the second input of the first OR element and to the installation inputs of the counter, the counting input of the first counter, the first and second inputs of the second OR element are connected respectively to the first, second and third inputs of the control unit The transducers of the third pulse generator CoBs of the second delay element, the first ITS element, the second counter, the first delay element, and the AND element are connected respectively to the first, second, third, quarter The second, fifth and sixth steps of the control unit. The proposed device uses the Walsh decomposition property, which allows recovering the saved signal in the Ut measurement section, less than the full T ° decomposition interval, while the signal values outside the measurement section 4t, but belonging to the T interval, are equal to Zero This allows you to reconstruct the measurement ™; dummy signal at the receiving side without distortion.  The current value of the approximation error is determined at the end of each elementary interval of the i -th n - the order of code words used.  If, after the next measurement, the error within the decomposition interval T exceeds the permissible value, the device stops giving | The least measurement of napaMetpa, regardless of whether it ends with an interval. The times Tj and the measured coefficients of decomposition are taken as the measurement results.  This makes it possible not to measure the signal until the end of the approximation interval T, where the error can be of considerable magnitude, which is especially characteristic of non-stationary processes, but stopped inside this interval.  After this, a new measurement cycle with adaptive compression begins at the point in time at which the previous measurement cycle ceased.  Thus, the proposed device makes it possible to reduce the approximation error and bring it as close as possible to the aperture value.  FIG.  I shows a block diagram of the proposed device; in fig. 2 - diagrams of the reference signals produced by the generator reference signals -.  fishing | in fig.  3 - diagrams of voltages at the outputs of the device; FIG.  4 block diagram of the control unit.  The device contains a control unit 2 pulse generator, 3 reference signal generator, modulators 4-4j, integrators 5-5, memory blocks, adder 7, comparison blocks 8 and 9, keys 10 and II, accumulators 12 to 13, shift GA regimen and multiplier 15.  Comparison units 8 and 9 contain subtractors 16 and 7 and threshold elements 18 and 19, respectively.  The control unit contains counters 20 and 21, decoders 22 and 23, pulse formers 24-26, delay elements 27 and 28, AND 29, two elements OR 30 and 31.  The principle of operation of the device is as follows.  The initial signal L (t) is analyzed during the decomposition interval  If the approximation error for the entire measurement time is less than the allowable, predetermined, then the value of the decomposition interval is doubled and becomes equal to T f 2T.  The decomposition coefficients in the interval T Hi are interchanged using the already calculated coefficients in analyzing the measured signal, 1 (t) in the interval T .  In the measurement process, an approximation error of the measured parameter A (t) is monitored.  If at any time the time on the interval T error exceeds the allowable loss, the measurement stops, not waiting for the end of the interval T j, and the resulting values of the coefficients are output 7109 to the output of the device.  After this, the measurement cycle begins again.  The device works as follows. them way.  On the control unit 1 from the generator of 2 pulses, a uniform grid of frequencies is prepared.  Starting from the moment of time, the control unit 1 resets into the source state the generator 3 of the reference signals, which begins to produce signals of a special form (Fig. 2 G (multiplication of the measured analog and reference signals occurs in the modulators 4, after which the modulated signals are fed to the integrators 5.  - five .  After the initial decomposition interval T expires, if the approximation error inside it does not exceed the permissible value, then at time t-, (Fig. H) the control unit 1 takes the signal into blocks 6-6 f of memory, with the voltage values from the integrators 5-5 j being copied to the memory blocks.  After this, the control unit 1 transfers the signal to the integrators 5 -, - 5, according to which the values of the voltages from the 6f blocks, the memories are recorded in them, and the old signals are erased.  Now in these integrators are the newly recorded values.  Then the device continues the analysis of the original signal D (s), io already on the interval T-21-, corresponding to the time interval t t2, and performs the signal processing on the second half of the decomposition interval T, t. e.  on the time interval t - tj.  At the end of the interval T at time 12, if the approximation error in the measurement process does not exceed the specified one, the device continues processing the distance, and the decomposition interval becomes the segment Tj 2T, t. e.  from tp to tg and t. d.  The approximation error is determined at the end of each elemental interval where r is.  - since the dow of single words.  The measured signal is supplied to the keys 10 and 11, the key 10 passing the voltage 12 to the input of the storage device 12, more than the reference voltage removed from its code, and the key 11 passing the voltage less than the reference voltage removed from its output to the input of the storage disk 13.  The accumulators 12 and 13 record the voltages applied to them and store them until the end of the elementary interval f; , 6, after which, in the analog adder 7, the restored and normalization of the sapproximated signal takes place on the elementary interval, taking into account the interval length T.  The values of the recovered signal from the analog adder 7 are output to the first inputs of the comparison blocks 8 and 9, the second inputs of which are supplied from the accumulators 12 and 13, corresponding to the maximum f and the minimum l j value of the measured signal D (1) in the elementary interval fi .  Comparison blocks 8 and 9 determine the differences between the maximum signal values per element and also between the t interval and the minimally approximated L mi, the signal values at the elementary interval t, which represent the maximum values of the approximation error E for the elementary interval f.  If the approximation error C exceeds the allowable one, then blocks 8 and 9 compare the resolution potentials to control unit 1 of control, and the device proceeds to the analysis of the next f j elemental interval.  If at least in one of the comparison blocks the error exceeds the allowable one, then the control unit is given a inhibitory potential, at which after the elementary interval ITy ends, the control unit 1 outputs a write pulse to blocks 6 -, 6, the memories in which the values are written voltages from the integrators 5 -J - 5f, then resets these integrators, and the drive 12 resets to zero and sets the maximum value of the voltage in the drive 13 and the generator 3 of the reference signals to the initial state.  In addition, the control unit 1 outputs a control signal to the shift register 14, in which the voltage values corresponding to the decomposition coefficients from blocks 6-6 of the memory are copied to the shift register 14 and output sequentially to the multiplier 15.  In the latter, the spectral decomposition coefficients are multiplied by the normalization coefficient taking into account the limits of integration and, subsequently, the integrator, and the length of the decomposition interval, At.  After that, the signals are output to the outputs, and the device itself is ready to analyze the measured signal in the next interval from the initial value of the approximation interval.  When the signal is restored, the duration of the measurement interval is determined by the distance between the moments of issuing the bursts of the values of the coefficients of variation and the length of the expansion interval.  Blocks 8 and 9 of the comparison work as follows.  Subtractors 16 and 17 determine the difference in amplitudes of the signals at the first and second inputs.  Since the threshold elements 18 and 19 compare this difference with a tolerance, then at the outputs of the threshold element a resolving potential is set, otherwise it is forbidding.  Control block I (FIG. 4) is operated as follows.  Counter 20 counts pulses uniformly arriving at the counting input from the first input of the control unit, de encoder 22 and imager 24 convert the code values of counter 20 into an uneven pulse sequence representing packs of n pulses with a double follow-up period in each subsequent burst. the output of the former 24 through the delay element 27 is provided to the fifth output of the control unit 1, as well as to the first input of the And element 29.  If a zero potential is applied to the second input element I 29, it is closed and the pulse from the driver 24 pulses does not pass through it.  Counter 2 counts pulses from the line. 27 delays.  From its output, the code of the number corresponding to the numbers of the decomposition interval T and the analyzed elementary interval t, which is output to the fourth output of control unit 1 and to the inputs of decider 23, is removed.  The latter and the pulse shaper 25 form a sequence of pulses, each of which corresponds to the end of the decomposition interval Tj.  From the output of the imaging unit 25, the pulses through the OR element 30 are fed to the third output and then through the delay element 28 to the second output of the control unit 1.  If a positive potential is set at the second or third inputs of the control unit, element I 29 is open and the pulse from the imaging unit 24 passes to its output, resets the counters 20 and 21 and starts the pulse shaping device 26 (standby multivibrator), which outputs a burst of pulses to the first output of the unit management  An example.  Let the approximation error be given. .  (FIG. Behind) .  The original signal L (t) is multiplied in modulators 4-4 f, with reference signals (Fig.  3b), while the voltages at the outputs of the respective integrators 5-, -5p have the form shown in FIG. Sound  The first step of the simulated calibration on the interval is analyzed.  n in the interval t - t.  The signal, set on the first approximation approximation (the diagram in FIG. 3g) exactly repeats the original, therefore, the approximation error on each elementary interval is zero.  The device proceeds to the analysis of the next approximation interval T located in the interval to - t2 In this case, the second integrator 5.  at time t, the initial voltage is copied from the first memory block 6, and to the third and fourth integrators 5 and 5, the initial voltage from the memory block 6.  Then the signal L (t) (FIG.  Z) continues to be processed on the time interval t. At the end of the elementary interval Tj, the device detects an error, so at the time the further apyroximatization is stopped, and the values of the decomposition coefficients are normalized and output to an additional output.  The beginning of the next interval la approximation is taken as point С,. Thanks to the proposed method, the processing device allows to increase the reliability of the transmitted.  information about its specified starting point.  The accuracy gain is determined by the type of signal being measured and its characteristics.  The device is more effective in measuring non-stationary signals.  For example, if the process being measured has a correlation function p 1 - oCftl, the parameter of which about increases K times over the approximation interval, then using the proposed device allows in bG to reduce the rms approximation mobility relative to its specified value.  The technical and economic efficiency of the proposed device as compared with the base object is also determined by average characteristics.  The approximation error exceeds the aperture at a time instant, on average a half-interval; i change; signal ibi, t. e.  Dispersion of signal error at time t t is equal to.   t 4 V; where & g is the signal dispersion.  By presenting ps1-ot | T (, 6 Pfll1s, one obtains | (, (|, The aperture value g is usually equal to 1% of the scale of the measured signal L.  Prin in L 6 (hell, get w 0.06 6-.  Dispersion of the value of the error value of aled tour is equal to, (ri-3,6- (6 and determines the error of the proposed device.  Dispersion of the error signal at time t T for a non-stationary signal with a monotonic change in the parameter is approximately 6.   2 ci I I.  Then the variance of the magnitude of the aperture value error is S | - / - 2o | tl-3,4 (.  The ratio of the error variances for the base object and the proposed device after some transformations can be written as V / fl-3, b - fO 6 ,. s ,,. , oh. Normally in telemetry,. With the systems СС Cf «0,01, then Thus, the accuracy of measuring the signal relative to a given aperture of the proposed device is on average 4.5 times higher than the basic object.

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Claims (2)

1. DEVICE FOR TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION WITH COMPRESSION, containing a pulse generator, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the reference signal generator, the second output - to the first input of the control unit, the outputs of the reference signal generator are connected to the first inputs of ⁵ modulators, the second inputs of which are combined and connected to the input of the device, the outputs of the modulators are connected to the information inputs of the integrators, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the memory blocks, the outputs of the memory blocks are connected to the corresponding the first outputs of the device and the information inputs of the shift register, the control input of which is connected to the first output of the control unit, the second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the first control inputs of integrators and memory blocks, the fourth output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the adder and multiplier, the information input of which connected to the output of the shift register, the output of the multiplier is connected to the second output of the device, the output of the adder is connected to the first input of the first unit of comparison, the output One of which is connected to the second input of the control unit, the fifth output of which is connected to the second input of the reference signal generator, the output of the first memory unit is connected to the second control input of the second integrator, the output of each next i-ro memory unit is connected to the second control inputs 2i-l and 2i -ro integrator, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability of information transmitted, which has been entered keys, drives the second comparator unit, vy per- ;, whose input is connected to _e the yields do adder, whose data inputs ® connected to the outputs of the respective integrators, the first inputs of the first and second keys are combined and connected to the input of the device, the outputs of the first and second keys are connected to the first inputs of the respective drives, the control inputs of which are combined and connected to the sixth output of the control unit, the outputs of the drives are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding keys and comparison units, the output of the second comparison unit is connected to the third input of the control unit. SU „..1091206 .2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit contains decoders, pulse shapers, delay elements, OR elements, counters, counter outputs through the corresponding decoders are connected to the inputs of the corresponding pulse shapers, the output of the first pulse shaper is connected directly to the> Yu91 206 to the first input of the AND element and through the first delay element to the first input of the second counter, the output of the second pulse shaper is connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is connected to the input of the second delay element, the output of the second OR element is connected to the second input of the And element, the output of which is connected to the input of the third pulse former, to the second input of the first OR element and the installation inputs of the counter, the counting input of the first counter, the first and second inputs of the second OR element are connected respectively to the first, second and third inputs of the control unit, the outputs of the third pulse shaper, the second delay element, the first OR element, the second counter, the first delay element and the And element are connected respectively to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs of the control unit.