SU1046572A1 - Portable furnace for burning solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

JJU, PORTABLE OVEN, ...; SOLID WASTE BURNING, with; holding split housing and internal split combustion chamber with conical coaxial bases and covers, blown with cylindrical dampers on the housing cover, chimney with throttle in the upper part, a mechanical device mixing of hot wastes, the base of the combustion chamber being made in the view of the insert with the lower grate, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the furnace and ensure fire safety, the lid of the combustion chamber and the lower part of the D1 of the 1st pipe are made in the form of an ejector with air intake openings over the entire surface of the lower part of the chimney, and the discharge is injected. not in the form of a cavity between the conical and coaxial surfaces of the combustion chamber and the housing and in communication with the smoke tube (L b) by the recirculation pipe, the inlet of which is located above the ejector and directed against the moving air flow.

Description

The invention relates to waste incineration devices and can be used at facilities where domestic and operational waste is formed that can be disposed of. There are known devices for incineration and thermal (fire) disposal of waste, which are structurally difficult furnaces that operate on liquid or gaseous fuel Cll - Сз. Due to their high mass and size characteristics, such furnaces cannot be placed on small autonomous objects, such as on small vessels and in various means. Closest to the invention to the technical essence and the achieved effect is a portable metal furnace for burning solid waste, comprising a detachable body and an internal detachable combustion chamber with conical coaxial bases and lids, blown with cylindrical dampers on the housing cover, a chimney with a throttle valve the upper part, a device for mechanically mixing the burning waste, with the base of the combustion chamber made in the form of a liner with a grate L. The disadvantage of the furnace is low combustion efficiency due to low heat and cold blowing, as well as the presence of fire hazard due to incomplete combustion of fuel and the release of scorched particles from the chimney. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the furnace at the expense of. enhancement of draft and preheating of the air from the recirculation gas-air mixture due to the gas-dynamic pressure, as well as ensuring fire safety during its operation by burning it in the chimney pipe of charred particles escaping from the combustion chamber. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a portable incinerator for solid waste containing a split housing and an internal split combustion chamber with conical coaxial bases and roof flaps, a device for mechanical stirring was blown with cylindrical valves on the housing cover. burning waste, with the base of the combustion chamber made in the form of a liner with a bottom grate, the lid of the combustion chamber and the lower part of the chimney are made in the form of an ejector air intake openings over the entire surface of the bottom of the chimney, and the ash pit is made as a coaxial cavity between the conical surfaces of the housing and the combustion kamerey and communicated to the chimney recycle conduit having an inlet which is disposed above the ejector and is directed against the movement of the air-gas flow. Fig, 1 shows the oven, top view; Fig. 2 shows a section A-A in Fig. 1; The furnace consists of a split housing 1 and an inner detachable combustion chamber 2 with conical coaxial bases and covers, blowing 3 in the form of a cavity between the conical surfaces of the combustion chamber and the housing and the cylindrical smoke chamber. pipe 4 with throttle 5 at the top. The lid and the base of the body are connected with an earring to the axis 6, the Blower contains cylindrical blowing flaps 7 mounted on the lid of the body. The base 8 of the combustion chamber 2 is made in the form of an insert with bottom grille 9, the combustion chamber 2 is equipped with a device for the mechanical mixing of burning waste in the form of a poker rotating around its axis. The cover of the combustion chamber and the lower part of the chimney form an ejector 11 with air intake openings located on the entire surface of the lower part of the chimney pipe. The blower 3 is in communication with the chimney 4 by the recirculation pipe 12, the inlet opening of the latter being located above the ejector 11 and directed against the gas-air flow in the chimney. The furnace is provided with legs 13, | A chimney 14 is provided on the chimney 4; Support legs 15 are provided in the fan 3 for mounting the base 8 of the combustion chamber 2. A portable metal furnace for burning solid waste works as follows. When pissing handles 14 on the chimney. 4, the furnace is opened by turning the upper part around the axis 6, the combustion chamber 2 is filled with waste, the waste is ignited with a match, the furnace is closed. The hectare is regulated by cylindrical dampers 7 for the supply of fresh air (blowing) and throttle valve 5 in the upper part of the chimney. When waste is burned in chamber 2, combustion is thermal; gases escape into chimney 4 due to natural draft. At the same time, at the junction of the lower part of the chimney and the lid of the combustion chamber, their speed increases, which creates an additional vacuum in the combustion chamber and increases traction. Due to the ejection of excess air in the lower part of the chimney, charred particles escaping from the combustion chamber 2 and the gas-air mixture is emitted into the atmosphere. Part of this gas mixture falls into the inlet of the recirculation pipe 12 and due to gas-dynamic pressure enters the blower 3, where it mixes with air (blowing) and preheats it. The burning waste is mixed with the aid of the i-mixing device 10. After complete combustion of the waste, the furnace opens, the base 8 (liner) of the combustion chamber 2 is removed and cleaned of ash.

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The design of the furnace makes it possible to significantly increase the burning rate and, consequently, the productivity, due to the increased draft due to the creation of additional vacuum in the combustion chamber, as well as due to an increase in the temperature level due to heating to blow in the blower. In addition, the furnace provides complete smokeless combustion.

waste, due to the afterburning in the lower part of the chimney of charred particles escaping from the combustion chamber due to the counteraction (ejection) of excess air that causes sparks and

provides heat risk during its operation.

The tests of the prototype of the furnace carried out confirm the efficiency of the proposed furnace design and high efficiency when burning various

solid waste (paper, rags, wood chips, the remains of roofing material, etc.). This provides smokeless combustion of all listed wastes.

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Claims (1)

/ PORTABLE SOLID WASTE BURNING FURNACE, comprising a detachable body and an internal detachable combustion chamber with conical coaxial bases and covers, were blown with cylindrical dampers on the housing cover, a chimney with a throttle in the upper part, a device for mechanically mixing burning waste, and the base of the combustion chamber made in viva insert with a bottom grate, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the furnace and ensure fire safety, the lid of the chambers The combustion and the lower part of the chimney are made in the form of an ejector with air intake openings over the entire surface of the lower part of the chimney, and it is blown out, but not in the form of a cavity, between the conical coaxial surfaces of the combustion chamber Q and the housing and is communicated with the chimney by a recirculation pipe the inlet of which is located above the ejector and is directed against the movement of the gas stream.