SU104374A1 - Device for automatic laying brick and other similar blocks - Google Patents

Description

Devices for the automatic laying of brick and similar blocks are known in various modifications.

The combination of well-known automation systems for production processes using magnetic recording with remote control equipment, in particular long-distance equipment, can also be used in devices for the production of large building blocks, for example, brick walls or other building blocks, in building materials. or on construction sites.

The described device for the automatic laying of such blocks of bricks and construction parts has the feature that is applied together: a mechanism for moving the stackable block as it is erected, a movable gripper of brick and other blocks, a nozzle for applying the solution, servomotors for bringing the listed units into action, station station-acting 11 follow-up systems with c.topsins (or phase shifters, potentiometers and the like remote motion transmitters) for controlling pointing servers motors n magnmtpoy recording apparatus. Magnetic recording equipment is used to record a program of operations from remote motion transmission bodies during a once-completed non-automatic duty cycle and for multiple automatic reproduction of a duty cycle by removing this program from a magnetic recording device using control systems for tracking systems.

A feature of the described device is also the use of multi-channel long-range equipment for multi-frequency magnetic recording to increase the accuracy of the work cycle and to achieve a compact recording of the movements of numerous operating elements, as well as discrete commands from the control buttons.

FIG. 1 shows the described device, FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram of the electrical control system of this device.

A block / brick, for example, a pier, successively laid out by horizontal rows of bricks that are placed and each row with necessary dressing, is supported by platform 2, the wheels of which are mounted on the rails of section 5 of the wall. Platform 3 is made up and down, What it is connected to is a lift 4, equipped with four endless chains, jointly moving when the rotational message is driven by an asterisk 5 of one of the chains of the lift. After laying each row of bricks of the block /, pad 3 is lowered when the start button is pressed for a distance corresponding to the thickness of the brick, as a result of which the laying of bricks occurs all the time at the same level. After the installation of the block has been completed, platform 2 rolls back along the track into the main compartment, and onto the rails of the floor 1, adki 3, is rolled in, for example, by pushing the empty platform for laying bricks onto it.

Above platform 2, horizontally is fixedly mounted on four vertical posts. On frame 6, the rollers of the movable bridge 7, holding the longitudinal tube, carrying the vertical pipe 9, which, i. with a rubber bushing 10 on it, which serves as a handle when moving and rotating the .9 pipe manually when the first unit is unattached, which is carried out to record the cycle program.

Elastic pipe 11 is attached to pipe 9; carrying at the lower end of the pneumatic grip 12 for bricks, representing Yupdia a funnel with a rubber shoulder, superimposed on the brick. The upper end of the pipe 11 is connected to a pump ensuring the existence of a low vacuum in the pipe POST05P1. On the handle of the screw 10 set button K control ecttromagpitom P | valve 13, when pressed KOTOpoii brick n) is sucked to the gripper 12 and with the help of the trolley 8 and the bridge 7 can be removed from the conveyor 14 feeding the bricks with a slider movement and transferred to the block.

The upper end of the pipe 9 by means of the hose 15 communicates with the hopper 16 mounted on the frame 6, which carries out the injection of the pipe 9 into the solution under pressure. The lower end of the pipe 9 has the shape of a nozzle 17 with a rectangular opening and it is solid for applying the solution to the horizontal and vertical edges of the brick. The pipe 9 above the seat 17 can be blocked by a gate 18. Connected to the core of the electromagnet P2, activated by button K, is mounted on the sleeve 10.

For transmitting the movement from the pipe to the apparatus for recording the program and for carrying out all movements during their automatic reproduction along the recorded program, selsyns Ci, C-, etc. are used. The servo-motors AI, A. U, etc. are equipped with gears. , with their I1sterni mi worm gears Mi, I-2, etc. So, for osup; motion of the bridge 7 with the horizontal movement of the pipe 9 are selsyn C, servomoto) L | and conical pair // i; To inspect the axial vertical movement of the pipe 9, the Ss, the servo-motor / 1z, and the From; for turning pipe 9, its axis is selsyn Sd, cejiBOMOTOp L. 1 and the estern MI.

The first block of bricks is laid out by controlling the working parts of the device from the hand of the operator - an experienced bricklayer who guides the pipe 9 by means of the handle of the sleeve 10 and, pressing the buttons Ki and K- at the taut moment, picks up and carries the bricks from the conveyor to the block, and also applies mortar on the bed of bricks and on their side faces.

Subsequent blocks are laid out automatically due to the work of the above servomotors, drying, 1: oi; their control is done by the mechanisms of the device according to n) the program of operations that took place during the laying out of the first unit. During the automatic operation of the device, each of its mechanisms is driven by a servo motor controlled from a remotely acting tracking system with a selsyn operating in the transformer mode (it is possible to use selsins — phase regulators, potentiometers, etc. devices for remote angle transmission). The selsyns, in turn, are controlled from the apparatus for reproducing a program of operations recorded by magnetic recording methods by means of a magnetic head 19 on a drum 20 with a magnetic carrier, and driven in an even rotation by an electric motor, which also moves the head 19 along the drum.

Celsius C | belongs to mehaniz. before: the movement of bridge 7 along frame 6, selsyn S - mekhaniz. movement of trolley 8 along bridge 7, selsyn Cz - axial movement of pipe 9, selsyn C4 - mechanism of rotation of pipe 9, and selsyn C, - to the mechanism of the vertical movement of PloP1, hells 3. In the process of laying the operator, using the device to record a program, all the switches L, RJ2, etc. are moved to the left position. In this case, the single-phase windings of the rotors of all selsyns are powered from an AC network. The rotations of the selsin rotors when moving from the hands of the working bodies of the device are accompanied by corresponding changes in instantaneous output voltages on the windings of the stators of the selsyn, and these voltages are recorded on the drum 20. Simultaneously, the voltages

the contours of the control buttons Ki and K2, when the operator presses them.

The main directions of the passage of electrical signals when recording a program are shown conventionally in the diagram with flat arrows. In the same place, the dotted arrows show the main directions of the signals during the automatic operation of the device.

After the first block is held, the first block, and its platform 2 enters the joint station, and a platform is installed on the platform 3. For automatic repetition of the cycle. All the organs of the device, including the magnetic head 19, are transferred to the source, all switches P, I, etc. are shifted to the right, due to which the device switches to automatic work performed by reading magnetic recording.

At the same time, the windings of the rotors of all selsins of open power from the AC network and through the switches / 7i, P, etc., are connected to the servo motors AI, A-, etc. through the amplifiers V, V-, and so on. In the following systems, the control of servomotors during automatic operation is hindered from the corresponding types of selsins Ci, Co, etc., in this case, I work not as sensors, but as receivers in transformer mode.

In order to achieve the identity of the rosins 'rotors' positions when the device automatically performs the block laying operations, the rotor of each selsyn can have two perpendicular windings, one of which turns on during recording and the other on reading the program of operations.

As an amplifier, you can use la.mpovye, magnetic cascade or electromechanical amplifiers d.t servoMOTODOB AI - / Is. In the proposed ycTpionia, electromechanical amplifiers are used, connected according to the scheme of electromechanical power amplification and mounting, each in common housings together with an alternating current electric motor, a direct current servo motor and a causative agent. The device should be equipped with a quiet; 1 lines (|) contours and connections, the definition of which is not given, so ka-; This kind of servomotors with e. electromechanical. have a wide practical application.

As the magnetic recording is read, the voltage from the magnetic head comes through the amplifiers not to the sellers Ci-Cs, but also to the control circuits of the electromagnets of the buttons K. and K-, valve for pneumatic capture of bricks 13 and related 18 of the solution supply pipe 9. As a result, a full cycle, 1 unit of blackout, is repeated automatically in the same order in which it was produced in the process of non-automatic laying of the first block.

The second feature of pre,: the one-led ycTpoiiCTBa is an instruction for simultaneous recording of a large number of instantaneous voltages, taking X and pasrn ix electrical circuits (three for each of the shortcuts and one for each of the buttons), just one magnetic recording track. All voltages are recorded on a drum 20 (or magnetic tape) with a single 19 b. Magnetic head using the well-known multichannel tone wired hardware.

For this purpose, in addition to the current of one frequency, in order to feed the roto1 of all selsins in the recording process, irregular oscillations of different higher sound frequencies received from extraneous sources (machine or lamine generators) are used. These frequencies are modulated by voltages taken from the windings of the selsyn stators and from the contours of the buttons.

The instantaneous openings in the three-phase windings of the stators of the selsyns have a common frequency equal to the frequency of the current feeding the rotors of the selsions. but in each winding they have an amp-pitch; depending on the rotation angle of the resilient rotor. For the stator coil of each of the selsyns, as well as the contour of each button, one of the carrier frequencies 1 is fixed. In the generators G, G-, and so on. Modulated Hie carrier oscillations and voltage-1 mi. these records are recorded from the windings of the stators of the selsyn and from the contours of the buttons, carried out in module eax Aii,; Vb, etc., from which the modulated voltages through the filters F. F, etc., and the switch P are directed to the magnetic head 19 for recording the Barbara 20 magneto carrier on a single track.

When reading a mag- netic record, the voltages taken from the magnetic head 19, usi.: 1 are found in the amplifier of the magnetic recording apparatus, unc; but they are linear, the frequency of the frequency m, with the aid of linear (x) ill fr fa, etc., and separately directed to the demodulator devices D, D-i, etc., which separate low-frequency voltages from carrier currents and filtered low-frequency oscillations in the corresponding stator windings of the inverters into the contours of the buttons.

The use of a multi-pitch tone circuit in the aimatrature device: 1 ge () for recording one head on one magnetic track prevents the occurrence of changes (knocking down) between reproducible alternating voltages taken from the three stator windings of each selsyn. when conducting these works and reproducing these stresses by separate magic heads on different tracks, it also provides for undistorted reproduction of the menus of the ratio between these settings and the correctness of the reproduction Mykh these ratios (absolute values and s Jairus eny l) synchros rotation angles of the rotors.

At the same time, recording with one head makes it possible to use small-sized forms for recording complex work cycles, simplify recording and reproducing equipment and allow complete synchronization of the movements of the organs of the device in its work. The use of carrier frequencies allows the use of a servo drive system with selsyns — transformers, as well as systems with phase shifters and tori with circular potentiometers operating on direct current.

The record form can be saved for later repetitions of the cycle, or it can be used to create a new record. The number of automatic cycle repeats and the number of cycles that can be written alternately on the same form can practically be considered unlimited.

PRESENTATION OF MEASURES 1. Equipment for the automatic laying of brick and other materials.

of similar blocks, about tl and h and th y eu those. what. in order to increase its productivity, together n) they are named: a mechanism for moving an AC, a thrown block as it is erected, a grip for stacked bricks or other bricks. nozzle for applying the solution, servomotors for applying the listed units to the action, remotely operating systems with agriculture and potentiometers for controlling the indicated servomotors and the apparatus for reproducing the program of operation. recorded by magnetic recording methods, which serves to control the trace of the ngi systems.

2. The device according to claim 1. characterized by changing the equipment of the multi-channel voice telegraphy for recording the program of operational use of the organs and control voltages on one% of the magnetic head using one transfer head for each head} reproduction of recorded on all of the executive bodies.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle for applying the solution and the grip for the brick are combined on a common handle.

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