SU1034637A1 - Method and apparatus for application of fertilizers - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A method of applying fertilizers, which includes cutting horizontally transverse slots in the soil with overlapping each other vertically and distributing fertilizers in them, followed by embedding the latter, characterized in that, in order to improve fertilizer utilization, fertilizers are placed in each inclined fertilizer slot horizontal parallel rows. 2. A fertilizer applicator comprising a stand with a tubing and an opener mounted thereon at an angle in the form of a flat-slot nozzle with an oblique rear section, characterized in that the oblique section of the nozzle is made stepwise.

Description

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SAZ The invention relates to agricultural production and can be used to fertilize the soil when growing agricultural crops. A known method of fertilizing includes cutting gaps in the soil and distributing fertilizers therein, followed by sealing the last ones. A device for applying fertilizers to accomplish this method is known, which comprises frame-mounted fasteners under which cylindrical shrouds are mounted with slotted working bodies 1. The disadvantage of the known method and device is the low efficiency of the use of nutrients of fertilizers during the growth of plants and from eneni root system, since the arrangement of fertilizers is at a constant depth. There is also known a method of fertilizing, including cutting sloping B horizontally transverse slit plane with overlapping each other vertically, and distributing fertilizers in them followed by embedding the last 2. A device for applying fertilizer, carrying out this method and including a stand with a pipeline and fixed on it at an angle an open joint in the form of a flat nozzle with an oblique rear section 2. The method of fertilizer application and the device for its implementation are characterized by insufficient efficiency olzovani fertilizer, as sploschnye oblique stripes cause an increase in consumption of fertilizers which are not used equally effectively in the plant during the growing period. In addition, during the germination period, nutrients are used only from the topsoil, and during growth and maturity, nutrients are mainly used from the bottom of the arable layer. At the same time, solid inclined strips create inclined screens and, by the action of chemotropism, deflect the root system. The aim of the invention is to improve the use of fertilizers. The goal is achieved in that according to the method, in each inclined slot, the fertilizers are arranged in horizontal rows. With this device implementing this method, the oblique cut of the nozzle is made stepwise. FIG. Figure 1 shows the scheme for implementing the method of fertilizing in the topsoil; in fig. 2 shows an apparatus for carrying out the method; in fig. 3 - the same, top view. The method of fertilizing is that in the arable layer 1 below the soil surface to its base 2, the slots are made in the form of inclined strips overlapping each other along the height of the arable layer 1, the fertilizers are laid in vertical parallel rows 3 and covered with soil. A device for carrying out the method comprises a rack of a tube 4 with a coulter fixed to it with an angle of inclination on one side, made in the form of a flat-slot nozzle 5 with a rear oblique cut 6 made in the form of steps 7. A bit 8 s is fixed in front of the device to strengthen it node 9 attached to the frame of the unit. A series of such devices (not shown) is attached to the unit in parallel. For clarity, FIG. 3 shows rows of 3 seeding of fertilizers into soil 1. The method is carried out as follows. The fertilizer spreader passes through an arable field that is below the soil surface and, in the topsoil, makes 1 row of slots in the form of inclined strips overlapping each other in the height of the arable layer 1, in which vertical fertilizers are laid in vertical vertical rows 3 and covered their soil. A device for implementing the method works as follows. The device is towed, for example, by a tractor across a field into which fertilizer is to be applied. Flat nozzles 5 in the form of pipelines 4 are buried in soil 1 and. then they move under its surface, making inclined slots in the soil layer 1, which overlap each other in height. Fertilizer flows through the pipelines 4. Under the action of gravity gravity and centrifugal forces, the fertilizers are successively along nozzle 5, thrown into soil I by oblique cuts 6, the passage along steps 7 in the form of rows 3, and closed by it after the passage of the device. Thus, after the passage of the device in the topsoil of soil 1, according to its height, according to the number of stages 7, the fertilizers are distributed in the form of a series of parallel rows 3 in inclined strips overlapping each other. Such fertilization provides a more uniform plant nutrition throughout the growing season from sprouting to full maturity, since in any cross section of the nutrient layer of soil 1 there is a proportional distribution of fertilizer from its surface layer to base 2 and reduces fertilizer consumption. In addition, continuous

fertilizer screen, which improves the conditions for the development of the plant root system, allowing them to pass between rows of fertilizer 3.

The method and apparatus can be used both in arable land conditions with reservoir turnover and in conditions of soil fertilizer.

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Claims (2)

1. The method of applying fertilizers, including cutting into the soil slopes inclined in the horizontal-transverse plane with vertical overlapping and spreading fertilizers in them, followed by closing them, characterized in that, in order to improve the use of fertilizers, fertilizers are placed in each inclined slot horizontal parallel rows. 2. A fertilizer applicator comprising a stand with a fertilizer duct and an opener fixed to it at an angle in the form of a flat slot nozzle with an oblique rear cut, characterized in that the oblique cut of the nozzle is made stepwise.