SU1028712A1 - Process for producing unsaturated hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Abstract

METHOD OF OBTAINING A NDELECTION OF THEIR HYDROCARBONS BY USING. Stretched to 400-700 C flows of hydrocarbon oxygen and oxygen, and obtained products with a stream of sprayed water, so that increasing the yield of the target products, mixing the feedstock and oxygen flows and igniting the mixture of activities to t in the zone irrigated by the counter spray of water.

Description

The invention relates to chemical technology and can be used to produce unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as acetylene, ethylene, etc.

A method of producing acetylene by the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons in a flow of heat-transfer gas is known. For this, an additional hydrocarbon is metered into the gases obtained by burning a hydrocarbon in oxygen, which under the action of high temperature decomposes to form acetylene 1

However, the method did not become widespread in the industry due to the high cost of the product obtained due to the low thermal efficiency and high consumption of hydrocarbons per production unit.

The closest to the proposed method to the technical essence and the achieved result is a method of producing acetylene by mixing heated C, 400-7 ° C hydrocarbon spheres and oxygen, igniting the mixture and cooling the obtained products with a stream of water spray, using the original hydrocarbon methane, ethane, propane, and other homologues of the methane series. In the production of acetylene from methane, the temperature of the reaction gases reaches 1400-1500 ° C, after which the reacted gases are sent to quenching. With an increase in the molecular weight of the hydrocarbon, the optimum temperature for the formation of acetylene decreases and the yield of acetylene increases 2.

Providing a low cost of acetylene, the known method is widely used in industry. The known method can be used to produce other unsaturated hydrocarbons. Thus, to produce ethylene, by changing the ratio of hydrocarbon and acid (, the heating of the reaction gases is heated to 1000-1200 ° C, after which they are sent to quenching. High-molecular-weight hydrocarbons — propane, butane, and mixtures thereof — are more widely used for ethylene production, and also liquid hydrocarbon raw materials, gasoline, kerosene, etc.

In the production of acetylene from natural gas, the known method is characterized by the following indicators. The consumption of natural gas 1 t of acetylene is 6000 nm / t, oxygen g 3680 HMV The average yield of acetylene in existing industries is 7-8 vol.%.

The disadvantage of the known method of producing unsaturated hydrocarbons is its low efficiency — low yield of the target products, predetermined HIGH.

cost, in particular the maximum yield of acetylene reaches 7.5-8% by volume. The low yield of the target products is caused by non-optimal quenching of the reacted gases. AT

In a known method, the quenching of reacted gases is carried out by a spray of liquid moving perpendicular to the direction of movement of the gas stream. Due to

this hardening is carried out simultaneously on the entire thickness of the gas stream, and not on the surface of the maximum concentrations of the target product, having a cone shape, directed from the top towards the direction of the gas flow. In addition, non-optimal hardening, reducing the yield of target products, leads to an increase in their cost.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of pelted products.

The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method for producing unsaturated hydrocarbons by

mixing flows of hydrocarbon feedstock and oxygen heated to 400 ° C, mixing the flows of feedstock and oxygen, and igniting the mixture is carried out in an area irrigated with a counter-flow of sprayed water.

As a result of the reactions, the hydrocarbon and oxygen streams are converted into a single stream of reacted gases, which moves in the opposite direction to the stream of sprayed gas.

water. By the interaction of gas and water, a stream is created in the stream of water being sprayed — an area free of water drops. This zone has the shape of a cone, directional

the apex in the direction of flow of the reacted gases and in shape coincides with the surface of the maximum concentrations of the target product. As a result, optimal quenching of the reacted gases is provided - quenching over the surface of the maximum concentrations of the target product. Quenching of reacted gases by

surface maximum concentrations increases the yield of target products, which improves the use of raw materials and reduces the cost of the unsaturated hydrocarbons.

h. Example Natural gas in the amount of 6000 and oxygen in the amount of 3680 nm / h, is heated to and under an overpressure of 0.2 MPa is fed to the zone in which the standby flame is maintained. This area is irrigated with a counter flow of water sprayed.

As a result of mixing and ignition of the flows, the temperature of the reaction

gases rises to. Then the reacted gases, having passed the stream of water being sprayed, are cooled down and sent for further processing.

These give 9600 im / h of gas containing 10.4% acetylene, 3.8% carbon dioxide, 27.7% carbon monoxide, 56.9% hydrogen, 1.2% methane. The absolute volume of acetylene is 1000, and its weight is 1160 kg / h,

As a result of a higher acetylene yield, the consumption rates per 1 ton of product are: they are actually 5150 nm / ton of natural gas and

3170 oxygen. The data obtained indicate a high efficiency of the proposed method. The process of getting others is continuous. specific hydrocarbons, for example, ethylene, are carried out in a similar way, with the only difference that methane homologs, starting from ethane and above, are used as a starting material, and the process is carried out at a lower

0 temperature. For example, pyrolysis of ethane is carried out at. Sometimes steam is added to the gas-oxygen mixture to form unsaturated hydrocarbons from the higher homologues of methane.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING UNCERTAIN HYDROCARBONS by mixing Heated to 400-700 * 0 flows of hydrocarbon feedstocks and oxygen, ignition of the mixture and cooling of the obtained products with a stream of sprayed water, with the aim that, in order to increase the yield of target products, mixing the flows of raw materials and oxygen and the ignition of the mixture is carried out in the zone irrigated by the counter flow "* sprayed water.