SU1017708A1 - Process for producing sunflower oil - Google Patents

Abstract

A METHOD FOR OBTAINING A SUNFLOWER KASLA, Including cleaning the seeds, calibrating them into fractions, separating the seeds separately, separating the shell from the core, pressing and extracting the material, so that, in order to reduce oil loss and increase its qualities, crustaceans are fractionated on aspirate wipes, draws with a drop of 3-4% are crushed, subjected to moisture heat treatment and pressing, and husks are crushed separately and removed with LYBKOM, the mixture is conditioned by temperature and humidity , petal and extract-. Ruut

Description

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The invention relates to the oil and fat industry in the food industry and can be used in oil extraction plants in the processing of high oil seeds of sunflower.

A known method for producing oil from skin seeds of oilseeds, which consists in the fact that the seeds before processing are subjected to fractionation, separate caving of small and large fractions, and the caving is carried out under such conditions that ensure the minimum content of rushank is not marginal, followed by separation of the husk from the core to its residual content is about 3.0%, after which the core is processed according to a typical forpressing-extraction scheme, and the husk is extracted for 1-5 minutes with solvent at t 20-24 ° С with radiation miscella concentration of 2-5% Cll. : This method provides for increasing the oil yield and obtaining low-protein meal, however, it significantly complicates the technological process due to the need for separate extraction of pre-press meal and separated husk.

There is also known a method of processing high-oil sunflower seeds, which consists in the fact that seeds are subjected to fractionation before processing, and the large fraction is processed according to a typical scheme: hulling, sheathing, grinding and pressing, the fine fraction is chopped without being crushed and mixed with chopped oil cake, obtained after pressing the material from the coarse fraction of seeds, the mixture is conditioned by temperature and humidity, petted and fed to the extraction f2.

The application of this method allows to reduce the amount of equipment used for breaking small seeds and separating the core from the shell, however, significantly reduces the productivity of the extraction line and reduces the yield of press oils.

The closest to the proposed method is the method of obtaining sunflower oil, which includes cleaning the seeds, calibrating them into fractions, splitting the seeds separately, separating the shell from the core, pressing and extracting the NW material.

The disadvantages of this method are that of shredding. A core containing a larger amount of husk comes in, the increased content of the shell in the core has a negative effect on the quality of press oils. They characterize-.

A higher content of pigments, a higher acid number, is poor as a result of clouding due to the formation of a so-called grid, which is caused by the crystallization of wax-like substances while lowering the temperature of the oil. The reduction in the haze of the core to the value determined by the technological regulations leads to an increase in the loss of oil with waste shell due to an increase in the removal of oil dust and small core.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the loss of oil and increase its quality.

The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of obtaining sunflower oil, including cleaning the seeds, calibrating them into fractions, separating them separately, separating the shell from the core, pressing and extracting the material, the crushed stone is used. on aspiration wipes, draws with a drop of 3-4% are crushed, subjected to moisture-heat treatment and pressing, and husks with the removal of core and oil dust are crushed separately and combined with oil cake, the mixture is conditioned by temperature and humidity, petted and extracted

The method is carried out as follows.

The seeds are purified from weed impurities, after which they are fractionated into large and small fractions, and the screens on the separators are selected so that the large fraction is up to 50%.

Further, each fraction separately is directed to the collapse of individual arms.

The collapse can be carried out both on the flagella and centrifugal arms, and the fine fraction is brought down on the flagellated arms with a smaller gap between the deck and the drum, and in the centrifugal ones with a larger number of rotor turns. The obtained rushanka containing not more than 25% of the non-pickle is sent for separation into aspiration wipes.

On aspirating wakes, by changing the air regimes of their operation (. Reducing the tilt angle of the blinds, adjusting the wind modes, etc., maximum separation of free husk from the core is achieved, and the outflow of the core to the husk increases.

Nedorush, as well as transfer of the 1st section of the tubes, selected on the aspiration tubes, is fed to the control on the separators to separate the core, husk, litter from it and then to re-collapse on the backs. The process of breaking up of the non-pickle is carried out under more rigid conditions, the same as with the breaking of the fines fraction, which ensures a greater degree of separation of the seed coat and its subsequent more complete separation. The crushed rashanka obtained after the collapse of the pool has not been applied to the aspiration wipes. A trans with a 2-b section of the hooks is sent to the control wipes. The core after the workers and all the control loops with a husk with a stiffness of 7-10% is served on the wakes to control the core, where additional husk selection is carried out. This husk is mixed with the general flow of the husk. The oil content of the entire obtained husk as a whole is 7-10%. A nucleus with a shallowness of 3-4% is fed for grinding. Grinding is carried out on 5-roller machines through | Three passes. The pass of mt through a 41 mm sieve should not be lower than 60%. The mint is sent to a screw inactivator for moisture-heat treatment. Here, due to acute and deaf steam, it is moistened to 8.0–9.0% and heated to 80–85 ° C. Then it is sent to the frypans of the pressing units, where its moisture content is adjusted to 5.0– in self-steaming layers. 6.0% and t to lOO-lOS C. Prepared pulp is fed to pressing. Due to the lower shallowness of the material, the oil content of the pre-press cake is lower and amounts to 14-15%. The obtained cake is crushed on crushers to a particle size of not more than 7 mm, after which it is sent for conditioning to the brazier, and husks are fed there along with the removal, previously crushed in crushers, as well as oil dust collected during air purification. packs of arms and separators. A mixture of husks and oilcakes in the roasting vessels of x-conditioners is steamed at 80–85 ° C to W 8.5–9.5%, after which it is directed to petting. Petal 0.5-0.8 mm thick and humidity 8.0-9.0% is subjected to extraction. Example. Under laboratory conditions, two model samples of sunflower seed kernels are prepared: the first sample, with a loisiness of 12%, and the second, 3%. The first sample is obtained as follows. The original sunflower seeds are crushed, husks are separated and a draw with a drop of 12% is obtained. After grinding (milling pass through a sieve (1 mm not less than 60%), the sample is subjected to moisture-heat treatment under the following modes: W, 8.0-9.0%, t 8085С-, W 5.0-6.0%, t 100-105 C. The resulting pulp is compressed. The oil cake left after extraction of the prepress oil is crushed and extracted with hexane. The second sample is prepared as follows. The initial seeds are crushed, the husks are separated and a core with a drop of 3% is prepared. subjected to moisture-heat treatment, after which it is extracted from the press oil. a, moisture-heat treatment and pressing are carried out under the same conditions as in the preparation of the first sample. The obtained cake is crushed, combined with all the husks separated during the preparation of the second sample, also pre-crushed, and subjected to extraction with hexane. indicators of oils obtained from model samples are given in Table 1. Table 1

0.88

Q.ch., mg KOH 0.11 p.ch.,%

Content,%:

phosphatides 0.55

products

oxidation 0.30

1.21

0.40

0.11 0.08

0.90

0.60

1.00

1.10

0.20

1.05 As follows from the data table. 1, press oils / those obtained from a core with a dry stock content of 3% contain much less free fatty acids of oxidation products, neat and wax-like substances than oils obtained from a core with a dry stock content of 12%. Extraction oil extracted from the prototype is characterized by a higher content. As follows from the data table. 2, the proposed method, in addition to improving the quality of press oils, reduces the total loss of oil in production.

Continued table. 1 of wax-like substances, its other indicators slightly differ from those of oil obtained by a known method (from a core with a moisture content of 12%; 1. -.. Comparative data on the processing of sunflower seeds according to the known and proposed methods are presented in Table 2. Table 2 Thus, the processing of sunflower seeds. According to the proposed method, it provides, in conjunction with the existing scheme, with the preparation of high-quality press oils, characteristic 710177088

shrinkable in small color, increased amount of husk, monoacid acidic number, low. Soot be widely used for curing wax-like substances from animals, because the presence in the oils of the net increases the optimal ratio of cell production of press oils; reduced gloves, fat and protein, by 0.05% loss of oil in production 5

exception operation control husk. The invention can be implemented out of production; reduction of all operating oil extraction plants for the pre-press cake plants regardless of the specificity of 4–15%, which would allow: to increase the benefits of their technological scheme | high-quality press- and equipment used It is a JBoro oil and reduce the amount of oil that can be used as in the schematics coming in on extractions, providing for their preliminary provision. this operation.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUNFLOWER OIL, including cleaning the seeds, calibrating them into fractions, separately crushing the latter, separating the shell from the kernel, pressing and extracting the material, so that, in order to reduce oil loss and increase its qualities, the russel is fractionated on suction veins, the kernel with a huskiness of 3-4% is crushed, subjected to heat and heat treatment, and the husk with the removal of the kernel and oil dust is crushed separately and combined with cake, the mixture is conditioned by temperature and humidity, molded stkuyut and ekstragi-. _with rut.