SU1010630A1 - Device for automatic selection of isolated patterns in tv picture - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an applied television technique and can be used, for example, in television recognition systems.

A device for the automatic selection of isolated figures in a television image is known, comprising a television transmitting camera with blocks of storing and parallel reading of a video signal. With separate elements of the image forming together a so-called electronic scanning aperture and synchronizer 11..

The disadvantage of this device is the low resolution determined by the dimensions of the aperture.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for automatic selection of isolated figures in a television image, comprising a television transmission camera, an electronic scanning aperture, a synchronizer and blocks of logical addition and logic multiplication, ensuring consistent image elements in the second layer of the aperture by the criterion of their connectivity with the central element C 2.

A disadvantage of the known device is its low noise immunity due to the finite propagation time of signals through the second layer of the aperture from its center to the periphery in each discrete scanning step, resulting in a shortening of the duration of the signals on the aperture elements remote from the center,

The purpose of the invention is to improve noise immunity.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for automatic selection of isolated figures in a television image containing a series-connected television transmission camera, a quantizer and a scanning logical aperture unit, a logical addition unit formed by a set of OR logic elements, whose outputs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the logical multiplication unit, formed by a set of logical elements And, as well as a synchronizer, two blocks of shift registers were introduced synchronization clock pulses, of which the first element-by-element connects the outputs of the block by scanning the logical aperture to the inputs of the logical multiplication unit in terms of the number of bits equal to the sequence number n of the connected elements relative to the central (zero) element of the scanning logical aperture, and the second elementwise connects the outputs of the logic multiplication unit to the outputs of the device in terms of the number of bits N – n, where N is the maximum sequence number of elements

logical multiplication unit, and. the inputs of each nth logical element OR logical addition unit are connected to the outputs of adjacent nth logical elements

0 elements AND the logical multiplication block directly, and to the outputs of (n − 1) -th neighboring elements through bits of the second shift register.

5 The drawing shows a functional diagram of a device with an electronic scanning aperture of 5-5 elements. The device for automatic selection of isolated figures in a television image contains a television transmitting camera 1, a binary quantizer 2, a scanning logical aperture block 3, a first block 4 of shift registers, a block 5 of logical multiplication, a block of logical addition, a second block 7 of shift registers and a synchronizer 8. Moreover the outputs 9-33 of the block 3 scanning logical aperture are connected to the inputs

Q 34-57 blocks 4 shift registers, of which 34-49 each contain two bits each, and 50-57 each one, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs — block 5 of the logical multiplication, consisting of AND 58-82 logic elements , the other inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the logical addition unit 6, consisting of logical elements OR | 33-106, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs

0 of the block 5 and the second block 7 of the shift registers, the shift registers 107-115 each contain one bit, and 116 - two bits, the outputs of the multiplication unit are connected to the inputs of block 7

5 shift registers. The device has 117-141 outputs.

The device works as follows.

The image of the observed scene is transformed elementally by the television transmission camera 1 into electrical signals, which are then subjected to two-level quantization in binary quantizer 2 and fed to the input of block 3 of the scanning logical aperture, which consists of m serially connected delay registers (lower case registers) | controlled by pulses of the clock frequency of the synchronizer 8, where m 0 is the number of television lines in the aperture. Each of the first (t-1) registers / in its turn contains by M cells, where M is the number of elements of the television line used by the Darth STAN decomposition of images, and

the number of cells in the last register is equal to the width g of the aperture (in the case shown in the drawing, e 5).

The first 8 cells of each of the first (m-l) -ro registers and the cells of the t-th register together form the actual scanning logical aperture (its first layer) with the size of g-m Elements.

The binary television video signal is fed to the first cell of the first-row recorder. After a time equal to M periods of the clock frequency, this signal arrives at the first check of the second row, etc. The sweep period of the horizontal pulses fed to the television transmitting chamber 1 from the synchronizer 8 is M times the clock followed by the pulses applied to the shift registers, as a result of which the electrical signals from individual elements of the television image of the observed scene move through the horizontal registers from the input to the output synchronous with the sweep of the television frame.

In the absence of an image within the aperture, the outputs 9-33 of its first layer are in the state of logical zero (nonexcited). Their excitation (transition to the logical state, unity) occurs only when the image hits the corresponding elements of the aperture, as a result of which in the first layer of this aperture each time contains a fragment of the original binary television image in the form of a potential relief at its outputs. This fragment is further subjected to nonlinear transformation by blocks 4–7 of the logical processing and arrives at the outputs 117-141 of the device, which together form the second layer of the same scanning logical aperture.

The creature of non-linear image transformation when transferring from the first layer of the aperture to the second state is as follows.

The excitation of the central output 33 of the first aperture layer is transmitted to the corresponding central output 141 of the second layer through the logic element AND 82 of the logic multiplication unit 5 and the two-digit shift register 116 of the block 7, controlled by the clock frequency pulses of the synchronizer 8. Each of the other outputs 117 -140 of the second layer with the sequence number p 1 relative to the central one (the zero element is excited only if the corresponding nth output of the first layer is excited and at the same time at least one of nth and. (nl) -fcix elements of the second layer, for example, the excitation of the element 25 having the sequence number n 1, is transmitted from the first layer to the second (i.e., at the output 133 of the device) through one bit the current shift register of block 4, also controlled by the clock pulses of the synchronizer 8, and the logic element AND 74 of block 5, only under the condition that at least one of the outputs 134 or 140, having the same sequence number n 1, or the central output 141 with the sequence number n - 1 0. Execution of this

The 5 conditions are controlled by the logical element OR 99 of the logical addition unit 6, the first two inputs of which receive signals from the AND 75 and 81 logical units of the 5 directly, and the third input from the AND 82 through the single-bit shift register 115 of the 7 .

As a result of this logic of polemental transfer of potentials from the first layer to the second, the excitation of the second layer sequentially spreads in all directions, beginning with the central one, and gradually covers all elements corresponding to the excited elements of the first layer adjacent to the central excited element either directly or through intermediate excited elements. This excitation, however, does not capture those elements of the second layer that correspond to the unexcited elements of the first layer or excited, but completely isolated from elements that do not have an image associated with the center of the aperture.

 g 1

As already noted, the final propagation time of the excitation over the second layer of the aperture does not allow

5 to obtain a sufficient signal duration at its peripheral elements within a single clock cycle period. Therefore, in the proposed noj4 device, this process

0 N clock periods are additionally assigned, where N is the maximum sequence number of aperture elements determined by its dimensions (N 2 in the drawing), and the 5 numbers of the elements of the scanning aperture block and the corresponding elements of the logical multiplication and logic addition blocks . Is achieved

0 this is because the output signals of the logic elements AND block 5 of the log.ic multiplication, corresponding to the elements of the aperture with the sequence numbers n-1, are fed to the logic elements OR block 6 logical5

addition, corresponding to the nth elements of the aperture, is not directly, but through the one-bit shift registers of block 7, with the result that at the input of each nth logical element OR (and, therefore, at its output and at the associated input of the corresponding logical Element I) these signals are oversubscribed for n periods of the clock frequency. Necessary for the normal operation of logic elements. And the same delay of signals at their inputs associated with the first layer of the aperture is carried out by the shift registers of block 4.

To equalize the delay of the signals at the outputs 117-141, the devices use the shift registers 107-114 and 116 of block 7. Since each

of these registers contains N-n bits and is included between the output of the logic element AND with the number n, the output of which is already delayed for n periods of clock

frequency relative to the output of the corresponding element of the first aperture layer, the resulting delay at each of the device outputs 117-141 is constant and equal to N.

The synchronous operation of the individual functional units of the device is provided by the synchronizer 8., from the outputs of which the sync pulses of the horizontal and frame frequencies supplied to the television transmitting chamber 1 and the clock pulses fed to the shift registers of blocks 4, 3 and 7 are removed.

Claims (1)

A DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC SELECTION OF ISOLATED FIGURES IN A TELEVISION IMAGE, containing a series-connected television transmitting camera, a quantizer and a scanning logical aperture unit, a logical addition unit formed by a set of logical elements OR, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of a logical AND multiplication unit, and the logic multiplication unit also a synchronizer, characterized in that, in order to increase the noise immunity, two blocks are introduced into it shift registers controlled by clock pulses of the synchronizer, of which the first element-wise connects the outputs of the scanning logical aperture block with the inputs of the logical multiplication block through the number of bits equal to the serial number η of the connected elements relative to the central (zero) element of the scanning logical aperture block, and the second element-wise the outputs of the block, logical multiplication to the outputs of the device through the number of bits Ν-η, where Ν is the maximum serial number of the elements of the block of the logical mind knives, and the inputs of each l-th logical element OR of a logical addition block are connected to the outputs of the ηth logical elements · ¹ elements adjacent to it and the logical multiplication block directly, and to the outputs of the (n-1) -th neighboring elements through bits of the second block of shift registers.