SU1007085A1 - Pulse counting device for programme control of objects with k-stepped stop - Google Patents

Description

i The invention relates to the field of automation of production processes and can be used in various systems for controlling the movement of an object, for example, in systems for controlling the movement of an oxygen tuyere in converters.  A software control unit is known that is equipped with a sequentially connected reading unit for current coordinates, a pulse shaping unit, a directional detection unit, and a reversible counter, the output of which is connected to the digital display unit through a decoder and the input of a logical unit whose second input is connected to the output of the program set task block, and the first output of the logic unit is connected to the first input of the control unit by the drive of feeds, the unit for1 4i proactive commands, the first input of which connected to the output of the reversible counter, the second input to the second output of the logic block, the third input to the output of the program setting block, and the output of the anticipatory command shaping unit connected to the second input of the control unit of the feed rates.  In the known device for generating appropriate commands for reducing the drive speed, there are triggers in the block for the generation of anticipatory commands, which implements formula A–– in k ;, where A is the task code; B - code of the reversible counter} K} - code of the value of the interval between a given breakpoint and the transition point from one speed to another ij.  A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of implementing the programmatic movement of an object using the block of the formation of the preemptive commands, the need for control triggers, which are sequential automata that are less robust compared to devices of the combinational type, which reduces the reliability of the device as a whole.  The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a pulse control system in software control, comprising a pulse generator, a pulse counter, a displacement sensor connected to a reversible counter, and through it to a comparative device, the second input of which is connected to the program input unit. an organ and a logic unit connected to a comparison device, a motion sensor, a pulse generator, a program input unit, a score. impulse them pulses, and through him - to the executive body, which is connected and comparing the device.  In the known system, at each change in the task, the advance pulses produced by the generator are delivered to the input unit and to the pulse counter.  After this, the executive body is activated.  At the moment when the codes of the reversible counter and the input block are compared, the first lead command (transfer from one movement speed to another) is given, which is performed as a re-switching of the pulse counter inputs (as a result of which the output of the movement sensor is connected to the pulse subtraction bus) and re-switching of the inputs of the input block as a result of which, in the bus of the subtraction or summation of the block of the input, pulses of subtraction are given respectively and suited from the displacement sensor).  From this moment on, the changing code of the input block coincides with the changing code of the reversible counter, and the pulse counter iodine decreases.  The output of the pulse counter alternately appear signals of the command of anticipation.  The occurrence of a signal at the output of the pulse counter serves as a signal for the end of the task, at which the task number code is contained in the input block and the arrival of movement pulses into it stops.  In view of the fact that the executive body, in the suppression of most cases in practice, does not contain memory elements to improve reliability, and also, based on the fact that for most cases, controlling the movement of an object with a high accuracy requires issuing commands of anticipation c.  greater discreteness than the discreteness of the displacement pulses (the segment of the path on which the object must travel at a certain speed exceeds the discreteness of the displacement transducer pulses), it can be concluded that to receive anticipation commands the so-called pulse counter of a known system must contain not only a reversible counter , but also several decoders (the number of which is equal to the Required number of lead commands, as well as several memory elements, with the help of which the pulses from 5, the outputs correspond These decoders are converted into lead-forward command signals (having the form of a positional signal rather than a pulse.  If the actuator does not contain memory elements, then taking into account the continuous matching of the changing codes of the input block and the reversible counter j that tracks the actual position of the moving object after the first lead command is issued, it must be concluded that by means of which the sign of the observable direction of the object's movement, which is determined by the comparison device before the first commanding command, is remembered until the moment when the device is disconnected enforcement agencies.  To realize the possibility of switching the inputs of the input unit and the counter of a fixed pulse number, memory elements are also required.  The known system does not provide for the implementation of the reverse movement (with the subsequent-exact fine stop) in the case of possible control due to short-term interference or for other technological reasons) of the control object beyond the allowable stop zone.  The flipper system does not provide for the possibility of making a change during the movement of the control object.  In practice, the need to change a task while it is being worked out can be caused by a change in some process conditions.  In this case, an operational adjustment of the task (up to the reversal of the movement) may be a holder. Noah. 2  The disadvantages of the known system are:.  the need to input impulses from the generator to the unit at each input task, followed by re-switching of the inputs of these devices, which increases the intensity of the input unit and the pulse counter, reducing the reliability of the system) the necessity of having many triggers yn which reduces the noise immunity, thereby reducing the sgi-plm reliability of the system, the impossibility of returning the object to the zone of allowable shutdown in the event of running out of this zone.  The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and expand the functional capabilities of the system.  The goal is achieved by the fact that in a pulse counting device for programmed control of an object with a K-speed stop, containing a series-connected pulse generator and a pulse counter, as well as a series-connected pulse displacement sensor, a reverse counter,.  the first comparison highlight and the logic block, as well as the block input of the program card, the output connected to the second input of the first one (the comparator block of the initial state of the reversible counters, 2K-1) is entered. additional reversible counters and (2K-1) additional glare of comparison, connected by outputs with additional number of additional comparison blocks by the inputs of the logic block g, the first inputs - with the output of the program input block, the second inputs - with the outputs of the corresponding additional reverse meters, the first inputs of which are connected to - the output of the pulse displacement sensor, the second inputs - with the outputs of the block defining the initial state of the reversible counters, and the third inputs - with the first output of the pulse counter, W The input of the reversible counter source state connected to the input block sets the second input to the device input and the main input to the pulse generator, the second input of the logic block is connected to the second input of the device, and the logic block contains 2K elements And 2K elements OR, each of which is connected with the first input of the corresponding element AND, the second inputs of which are merged and connected to. the second input of the block, the third inputs of all elements AND Except the first and last ,; as well as the first and second inputs of DOG stool from the OR elements are connected to 2K block inputs, respectively.  FIG. 1 shows the functional diagram of the device K-speed stop /. in fig. 2 - zones of operation of control commands of the system of 2 steps.  stop break; in fig. H - diagram of the logic block of the 2-step stop system; in fig. 4 is a block diagram of a K-step stopping device.  The device K - step.  . shutdown consists (FIG. 1) from pulse generator 1, pulse counter 2, displacement sensor 3, reversible counter 4, first comparing unit 5, program input unit 6, logic unit 7, actuator 8, unit 9 of setting the initial state of reversing counters. Networks, additional conversion meters 10 - 102t. |, additional blocks of comparison HHH Logical block (FIG. 3) contains elements AND 12-15, elements OR 16-19, Pulse Generator 1 operates in the single mode and begins to generate pulses upon arrival of a pulse signal The initial state coming from the sensor of the initial state of the control object (in FIG. 1 not shown).  Pulse counter 2 is a summing two-trigger counter and is used in this device as a pulse distributor.  The first output of the counter is the direct output of the 1st trigger, the second output of the counter is the forward output of the 2nd trigger, the 1st pulse the counter is transferred from the state O to the state 1, the 2nd pulse the counter is transferred from the state in the state of the third pulse, the counter is transferred again. The input of the counter to the state of pulses 2 is the element I, at the first input of which a pulse arrives The initial state and the second input receives pulses from the generator 1 of pulses.  Pulse duration And the output state is selected so that the counter of 2 pulses receives no more than three pulses.  Such a pulse of pulses in the counter 2 eaten lavas to increase the noise immunity of the device.  As a pulse transducer 3, any known pulse transducer with a pulse shaping circuit on tires (+ and (-) depending on the direction of movement of the object (e.g. +) for lifting and (-) for lowering) can be used.   As reversible counters 4,10 {And 1 {any known identical identical) reversible counters with installation inputs, functioning in the same code (for example, Aiken's code-) as the program input block 6, whose output the code of the specified stopping point of the object is fed to all comparing devices.  FIG. 1 shows not all counters for K-speed stop, but only the first additional reversible counter 10, the additional counter Y. th reversing counter 4.  The remaining counters are not shown, but remember that all we have is -to reversible counters.  Similarly (although we have n 2 K comparison devices) in FIG. 1 shows only three comparing devices 11, 5 (the rest are not shown so as not to clutter the figure) Block 9 is designed to set the initial state of all reversible counters (when the controlled object is in the initial state) and implements the formula AO-C 1 7I) where Ap is a number, :: appropriate.  the coordinate of the initial position of the controlled object, K is the number corresponding to the distance from the given coordinate stop at the point at which the transfer is made from speed to speed ;.  j A is the initial state code of the i -th reversible counter.  In this case, the initial position of the if-th counter means the position, (code), to which the i-th counter is forcibly oriented while the control object is in its initial state.  If the corresponding point of translation from the speed of M to the speed of H.  has a coordinate greater than the coordinate of the given stopping point of the object (point NQ in FIG. 2), then A; AO - k.  .  If the translation point from the speed V | the speed has a coordinate smaller than the coordinate of the given stopping point NQ, Then So, the initial states of all reversible counters are set (in advance).  The reason why the baselines are defined this way. the state of reversible counters will be understood when considering the operation of logic block 7.  Before considering the device and operation of the logical block 7 for a multi-stage (k-step, where K 2) stop, we analyze the tea more simple - 2-step stop.  In the case of a 2-step stop, the pulse counting device must issue the following commands to move the controlled object; at a given stopping point NO (FIG. 2) g 1.  If the control object is not higher than the H point (M ((f K)), then logic unit 7 should issue a command to the executive unit 8 Rise at a speed of LHz f When the control object passes, point M  logical block 7 should change the command Rise at speed Vii to command Rise at speed When the object is between points N4 and Me (Nj NO - Kj) at the output of logic block 7 the command Rise on, speed must be present all the time until the object reaches the point N3.  At the moment of passing by the point Nj, the logical 6JjpK 7 should remove the command. Rise at the speed of ultrasonic We have the so-called; engine shutdown with preemption.  The magnitude of the lead time when lifting KJ) is chosen in advance based on the inertia of the system. .  If the lead time during the ascent (Kj) is chosen fairly accurately, some time after the command is removed. Ascent at speed YIJ, the object should stop near point S ,.  2 If the object is not lower than the N point, (-t K), then the logical block 7 should issue the Descent command at speed Vj.  In the passage. with the object of point N, a logical block must change the command Descent at speed V l to Command Descent at speed Vji.  at the moment of passing an object past the Ni2 point (N2 N01-K) - logical block 7 dollars, the descent command on the fast network Vj i should be removed.  We have engine shutdown with anticipation during descent.  The object should stop near point N.  3 From the analysis of options 1 and 2, it follows that if the control object is near the NO point, but. no further than the point N or Nj of the coma and the movement should be absent since the object is in the dead zone of the system.  (The deadbands of the system are determined by technological requirements).  . In the event that an object skips a point N2 during a ramp (or during a descent skips a point H), the logical block must form a command to return the object to the stop zone.  Let us consider, from a mathematical point of view, under what conditions one or another team should be formed in the corresponding control zone.  We denote the current actual absolute coordinate of the explanation of the volume with the letter T.  If the object is located not higher than the point N4, then T N4.  This means that T Iv which is equivalent to the inequality T + K4 Kfoll).  If the object is located above the point N4, but not above the point N3 t t. e.   6 (which is the same) Ng - NQ - t. e; in this case, the two inequalities T + k, tNo7 T + must simultaneously be fulfilled. If the object is not lower than the point N, then T 5 -N or (which is the same) T Ng + K- This is equivalent to the inequality T -.  If the object is located below the NJ point, but not below the N,. then Nj e T N, This means that Ng + K.   NO + K Dp this case. 2 inequalities T - No7 C) T - K, NO must be executed simultaneously. When the inequality is fulfilled (1), the logical block forms the Rise command at 4 V When the inequality (2) is fulfilled, the Rise on cKopocTH command must be formed by the logical unit. V-jf.  Similarly, for inequality (G), must have a command Descent to speed, and, for inequality (4 must have a command Descent on speed network V i.  Typically, the comparison unit has three outputs.  At one output, the signal 1 will correspond to the case when Q b. At the other output, the signal 1 will correspond to the case when a b.  Hj finally, at the third output of the comparator block, signal 1 will be when with b.  For a 2-step stop, it is necessary to have 4 comparison blocks.  The first comparison block determines the relationship between T + K and NQ.  The second comparison block determines the relationship between T + K2 and NQ.  The third comparison block determines the relationship between T - K and NQ.  The fourth comparison block determines the relationship between T - K4 and NQ.  It is clear that if the i-th reversible counter in the Home state had the code A Ad ±.  + K. J, then as the object moves, this reversible counter will follow the point with the current coordinate AJ T J:.  FIG. 3 shows for a 2-step shutdown the connection between the comparison unit and the logic unit 7, the latter being disclosed to the functional logic elements.  Consider the operation of this system in automatic mode (signal Automatic mode).  If the object is not higher than the point N4, then according to (1) we have at one of the inputs of the element OR signal 1 (at T + Cd N, or 1 at T +.  In this case, at the output of the element And 4 we will command the Rise at speedU.  If the object is held when lifting the point N, t. e.  it is located above point N and not below point Njr then, according to (2), signals 1 come to the upper two points of the water of the element 14, as a result we have at the output of element 14 the command Rise at speed.  V.  At the same time, the output of the AND element of the command. There will no longer be a climb to the COPTHTH V, since the output of the OR element 19 signal 1 for this position of the object will be absent.  Thus, we have a transition from commands1. -l Lifting on CKOpocTHY4 per team Lifting on CKOpocTHV V.  In the case when an object passes a point Nj during lifting, at a speed of V 1, none of the conditions 1, 2 3 and 4 will be fulfilled, t. e.  The conditions for the formation of any coma will disappear, the engine will shut off with anticipation. When lifting, the object begins to move due to the inertia of the system and stops near the given point NO.  If the object is not lower than that of NI, then in view of the fulfillment of the condition at the output of element I12, there will be a command Descent to SpeedV I.  When the object is located below the point N, Ho is not lower than the point Nj, then in accordance with (4) at the output of the element 13 we have the command Descent to the speed THVjVf and the signal at the exit of the element 12 will disappear.  In case the object is descending at speed   will pass the point N, then the output of the logic unit will not be present command to move, t. e.  we have a shutdown of the engine ahead of time when descending with the next stop of the Object near a given point.  FIG. 4 shows a diagram of a logic unit 7, similar to the diagram in FIG. 3, but not for a 2-step, but for a K-step stop.  As in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 4, the amplifiers, the relays and the relays themselves, the contacts of which provide the corresponding commands to the executive circuit 8, are not shown for simplicity.  The K-step-stop device operates as follows (FIG. four).  According to the signal of the Initial state J coming from the sensor of the initial position of the object (in FIG. 1 not shown) impulse generator 1 is turned on, as a result of which counter 2, pulses are transferred from state O to state 1, and from the first output of counter 2 pulses to the inputs of all reversible counters installed in O, a signal comes in position O).  After this, due to the arrival of 2 pulses of the 2nd pulse into the counter, this counter is transferred to position 2.  As a result, the signal at the first output of the pulse counter 2 disappears, and at the second output of the pulse counter 2, a signal 1 appears, which enters the input of block 9.  As a result, from the outputs of block-9 codes.  (Aj) the initial states of the reversible counters Chikov 4.10 (- Yu are fed to the inputs of these reversible counters.  Now, depending on the coordinate of the stop stop set, the numerical value of which in the form of a code comes from the output of block 6 of the program input to the second inputs of all blocks 5, 111-112V. . , compare, IV - JK-i codes L of the initial states of reversible counters, and at.  Provision of a signal to the logic block 7 of the signal. Automatic mode at the input two, the logic block. 7 issues a command to the scheme of the executive body 8.  As a result of the arrival on the executive body 8 of the team defining the H I direction and the speed rating, the control object moves.  From the sensor 3 moves to the inputs of the reversible counters 4, 10 - 10j, pulses are received to the inputs of the same name, t. e.  either by bus + or by bus -.  As a result, although the ratios between the codes of the reversible counters themselves 4,104-10jj remain unchanged (determined by the sum. or the difference between Ki and K, the combination of signals from the inputs of blocks 5, 11 / | - llj) —the comparisons to the inputs of logic unit 7 vary.  This leads to the formation of another command defining a different speed of movement of the object.  For a K-step stop, several reversible counters are used, s (the number of which is 21s), each of which tracks the absolute coordinate of its point moving synchronously with the control object but always away from the control object at a certain and constant distance in advance.  In other words, the code of the j-th counter differs from the code of the coordinate of the control object by a constant K,, numerically equal to the interval between the specified stopping point of the object and the corresponding command change point (translation to another speed).  The device is used. several units of comparison (the number of which coincides with the number of reversible counters).  Each of the comparison blocks analyzes the relation between the code of the given stopping point of the object and the corresponding: (for a given comparison block) the code of the reversible counter.  Signals More, Less, or Equal. come from the outputs of these blocks B - logical block.  Logs. A cus block is a combination type circuit (does not contain. memory elements.  Depending on what combination of signals comes in. at one instant at the inputs of the logic block, in the latter a command is formed to move the object in one direction or another with a certain (pre-selected) speed.  This command is present at the output of the logic block all the time until the corresponding combination of signals at the inputs of the logic block is changed.  A change in the combination of signals entering the logical block from the outputs of the comparison blocks can occur only when passing through

The singing of a point by an object, the coordinate of a kotyra differs from the coordinate of a given breakpoint by the value of Kj. This is due to the fact that the block, which compares the code of the given position with the code of the 4th counter, changes the signal (for example, the signal More will be changed to Equal to the signal, and then the signal is changed to Less).

The proposed device has the most efficient operation algorithm in comparison with the known devices of sub-purpose. In case the controlled object is beyond the allowable stop zone, the device reverses the movement to enter

i2

1007085

facility-to stop zone. The proposed device allows the task to be entered into the input block and during the movement of the object. Due to the fact that logic block 7 is 5 a combinatorial device and when entering a new task in the input block 6, the shift of the codes of reversible counters is not made, the proposed device is distinguished by high speed and reliability of the operating unit / oxygen converter. Azovstal plant estimated

the annual effect on, .. the proposed will be 15, b you rub. with a payback period

15

1.1 years.

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Claims (2)

(57) .1. COUNTING-PULSE DEVICE FOR SOFTWARE CONTROL OF A OBJECT WITH A K-STOP STOP, containing serially connected pulse generator and pulse counter, as well as serially connected pulse displacement sensor, reversible counter, first comparison unit and logic unit, as well as program input unit connected to the output the second input of the first comparison unit, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, a unit for setting the initial state of reversible counters, (2K-1) additional p versivnyh. counters and (2K-1) additional comparison blocks connected by outputs with additional logical block inputs by the number of additional comparison blocks, the first inputs with the output of the program input block, the second with the outputs of the corresponding additional reverse counters, the first inputs of which are connected to the output of the pulse sensor displacements, the second inputs - with the outputs of the unit for setting the initial state of reversible counters, and the third inputs - with the first output of the pulse counter, the second input of the rear unit connected to the input Nia initial state of reversible counters, and the second input - to the input device and to the input of the pulse generator, a second logic block input coupled to the second input device. . 2. The device according to claim 1, with the proviso that the logic unit contains 2K elements AND and 2K elements OR, each of which is connected to the first input by an output. corresponding AND element, the second inputs of which are combined and connected to the second input of the block> the third inputs of all AND elements except the first and last, as well as the first and second inputs of each of the OR elements are connected to 2K inputs of the block, respectively.