SU1005153A2 - Device for teaching and examining pupils - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to teaching aids intended for teaching and testing students 'knowledge, and can be used in educational institutions of various levels and profiles to test and consolidate students' knowledge in various disciplines.

A device is known that contains an information reading unit, a decoder, a control unit, a comparison unit, an evaluation unit, a response input unit and a bulletin board C. The disadvantages of this device are limited didactic possibilities and, since it does not determine and; does not evaluate the degree of completeness of the answer . This is because the result of not comparing the entered answer with the reference one is recorded over the entire answer as a whole without indicating which particular character (which action) is erroneous. In addition, the device has a limited field of application, since in order to ensure its operation, expensive perforation and reading devices from a punched tape are required.

Basically auth. St. No. 430431 closest to the invention of VL -;

A device containing a comparison circuit whose inputs are connected to response input blocks and memory, and outputs to an information output block and a rating block connected to a memory block, and an answer input block is connected to an information output block, an invalid response limiter, input which is connected to the circuit of my comparison, and the outputs are connected to the blocks of evaluation and information output. The answers of the students to the questions (including the result of solving the problem) entered in the block of input of answers are compared with the reference ones stored in the memory block. When you enter the wrong answer, the limiter of incorrect answers fixes it. The student may try again from 20 days, but no more than is provided for by the limiter of incorrect answers. If the student was unable to answer correctly, then the signal about the incorrectness of the answer from the block for limiting incorrect answers goes to the rating block. In the rating block, information is accumulated about the number of correct and incorrect answers. After answering all the ticket questions in the for30 scorecard, an estimate is reconciled. The device allows you to monitor and evaluate the knowledge of the students in answering questions, the answers to which are formed in the final form, i.e. if the question is asked in the form of a task, the controlled answer to the question will be the answer of the task, but not its solution. For example, if the condition of the problem implies a multi-action solution (1, 2, ..., p), then the answer of the problem is the result of the nth action, which controls this device 2. The disadvantages of this device are limited didactic possibilities, since it does not allow to control the course of the decision and, therefore, to determine the ignorance of which particular section of the study. Sa leads to an incorrect final answer. In addition, this device does not allow to evaluate the completeness of the answer. In the practice of teaching various disciplines (mathematics, physics, chemistry, programming, etc.), knowledge of students is tested using test questions and problems solved by methods of theoretical and applied mathematics. Moreover, if it is enough for questions to determine the correctness of answers in the final form, i.e. In general, for the question, then for the tasks it is necessary to monitor the course of the decision, T.ei determine the correctness of the actions to be performed. In this case, the teacher can accurately determine what the students did not understand. At the same time, the teacher also evaluates incomplete answers in the case, for example, if the student solved the problem and reasoned correctly, but ignorance of one particular position did not allow him to come to the correct answer in the final form. It is also important for students to control the course of solving problems, so that in the event that it is difficult to perform the next action, they can be consulted. The purpose of the invention is to expand the device's didactic capabilities by controlling the course of the decision and taking into account the completeness of the answer. This goal is achieved by the fact that the unit for determining the completeness of the response is inserted into the device, and the inputs of the information output and evaluation units are connected to the outputs of the comparing unit and the limiter of incorrect answers through the unit for determining the completeness of the answer. The response completeness determination unit contains a register and a series-connected element OR, the first counter, the comparison node, the second counter and the decoder, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the comparison node and the register output connected to the second input of the comparison node whose output is connected to the second input of the first counter and the first input of the register, the input of the OR element, the second input of the second counter and the second input of the register are the input of the block, the outputs of the first counter and the decoder are the output of the block a. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device; in fig. 2 - a functional block of input responses; in fig. 3 - the same, the evaluation unit; in fig. 4 - the same, -blocks of completeness of answers; in fig. 5 kind of control ticket. The device (Fig. 1) contains a block 1 for inputting answers / intended for reading the ticket number, the question number in the ticket and forming responses by the students, a memory block 2 for storing reference response codes, the number of questions in the ticket and the reference number of actions in the decision, block 3 of comparison, intended for serial comparison of the codes of student input answers with the codes of reference answers, block 4 of the information output, intended to indicate the correctness of the action taken and the answer in the final form, number of action and dew and tips uchaschemus reference response limiter 5 incorrect answers, intended to limit the number of attempts to answer the question of block b estimator configured to generate and display evaluation - unit 7 determining the completeness of responses designed for stroke control solutions and determine the completeness of the responses. The response input block 1 (Fig. 2) contains a ticket number reading unit 8 consisting of photodetectors 9 (for example, FT-1K), a dial-up field 10c contacts 11 question numbers, operands, and operations, a probe 12 designed to be fed to the contacts 11kit field 10, potential, encoder 13, designed to convert the position code of the question number into a parallel binary code, encoder 14, to convert the positional response code into a parallel binary code (encoders 13 and 14 are made on series 136, 133 chips) rator 15 imp for generating signals for accompanying and eliminating bounce when removing probe 12 from contacts 11 of typed field 10 (generator 15 is made on 1B-17 EF resonator and AND-NOT elements, register 16 intended for intermediate storage of ticket number and question number codes Register 16 is made on chip series 136, 133.

Block 2 is a random access memory. (RAM) for 2048 12-bit words. The memory drive is implemented on 564 RU2 microcircuits, the control is on the 133, 136 series microcircuits.

Comparison unit 3 contains a comparison circuit and a reference response register. The comparison circuit consists of the elements AND, OR, each register bit is connected to the corresponding inputs of the elements I. In addition,. each register bit and the output of the comparison circuit are connected via an open collector chip to the indication elements. Comparison unit 3 is implemented on the 133, 136 series chips.

The display unit 4 is a set of individual indicator elements (SNM-6, 3V lamps) that highlight special stencils of question numbers, action numbers, reference response codes, validity of the action taken and the final answer.

Limiter 5 of incorrect answers consists of a reversible counter with sequential transfer, operating in the subtraction mode, the element And, and a switch for setting the number of incorrect answers that limit the number of attempts. By setting the switch to the counter, a parallel code is entered into the number, and the No signal from the comparison block 3 is fed to the counter input of the counter and subtracts one from the set number. When the counter is set to the zero state, the No signal is generated at the output of the And element, the inputs of which have inverted outputs of each digit of the counter. Limiter 5 wrong answers implemented on the chip series 133, 136.

The evaluation unit 6 (FIG. 3) contains an adder 17 intended to accumulate the sum of points in the course of answering the questions; the adder 17 is made on the chip series 133, 136; a register 18 for intermediate storage of a reference number of questions in a ticket; The registrar 18 is made on-chip series 136, 133; decoder 19, consisting of elements AND 20 (series 136 chips): elements OR 21, made with an open collector and connected to assessment indication elements 22, made on SNM-6, 3V lamps.

Block 7 for determining the completeness of answers (Fig. 4) contains the element OR

23, register 24, intended

for intermediate storage of the reference number of actions, the register 24 is made on 136, 133 series microcircuits, counter 25, designed

to count the number of actions taken; Comparison node 26, for comparing the number of actions taken in the decision with the reference number of actions in the decision; node 26 is performed on the AND, OR series 136 elements; a counter 27 for counting the number of correct actions in the solution; counters 25 and 27 are made on chips

series 136; a decoder 28 for determining the completeness of the answer; the decoder 28 is made on the elements And, the outputs of which are in a certain way grouped on the elements OR, gated control signal from the output of the node 26, De-. the encoder 28 is made on the chip series 133, 136.

The device works as follows.

in a way.

Before starting the operation, the device is reset to the initial state by the signal generated when the power is turned on (the signal output circuit is not shown in Fig. 1). A ticket is issued on 1 dash on which questions are written (including the conditions of the problem). The type of control ticket is shown in FIG. 5. Ticket has

number in the form of holes arranged in a sequence. The main field of the ticket consists of a floor of questions and a floor of answers and has a number of openings with inscriptions of numbers of questions, operations and operands. The student imposes a ticket on the keypad of block 1 so that the openings of the main floor of the ticket coincide with the contacts of the keypad.

The ticket number is read in block 1 by the photodetector 9 of node 8, which is entered. register 16 is the starting address of the array in memory block 2, in the array in a certain order. the number of questions in the ticket, the sample answers and the number of actions in each solution are stored. The student can answer the ticket's questions in any order, but before responding, it acts with a probe 12

on the dial of the question that will be answered. Contacts voprosov dialer floor made in such a way that by responding to one ticket, you can only one

affect the contact once, i.e. the possibility of intentionally making an estimate by answering the same well-known student ticket question is excluded. From the generator output

15, the tracking signal enters the encoder 13 through the input that receives the potential from the contact 11 of the keypad 10. The contact code from the output of the encoder 13 enters the register 16 and is the starting address of the zone in the specified array. At the specified address from block 2, the code of the standard response is received at the first input of block 3 and entered into the register of standard responses, the reference number of actions in the decision is entered into the register 24 of block 7, and the number of questions in the ticket is received. The register 18 of block 6. The student generates a response that affects the contacts of 11 operations and one of the randless fields 10 of block 1, and the input signal sends an answer code through the encoder 14 to the second input of block 3. The question number from block 1 goes to block 4 and is indicated. If the response code corresponds to the reference one, then the Yes signal from block 3 enters block 7, skidding one, into counter 27 and through the element OR 23 into counter 25. Information about the action number from the output of counter 2 enters block 4 and is displayed. The contents of the counter 27 (the number of valid actions) is fed to the first input of the decoder 28, to the second input of which information is received from the register 24 (the reference number of actions in the solution). If this is a question, the answer to which must be formed by one action, i.e. the answer is in the final form, then in register 24 a unit was written and, therefore, the contents of counter 25 are compared in node 26 with the contents of register 24, as a result of which a signal is generated at the output of node 26 that allows the result to be output from decoder 28 to block 6. Decoder 28 it is constructed in such a way as ZOM that, depending on the ratio of the number of correct actions to the reference number of actions in the decision, i.e. the degree of completeness of the answer, a signal is generated at one or another output of the decoder. The result of evaluating the completeness of the response in the form of a code generated by the decoder 28 enters the adder 17 of block 6. The signal from the output of node 26 also goes to the inputs of counters 25 and 27 and register 24, setting them to their original state. If the answer entered by the student does not match the reference one, then the No signal from block 3 enters block 4 and is displayed. At the same time, the No signal comes from block 3 to limiter 5, where the unit is subtracted from the contents of the retry count. Initially, in the counter of limiter 5, using the switch, the number of allowed response attempts is set. The student retries the response until the content of the retry counter in limiter 5 is equal to O, and a signal is output at its output to block 7 through the OR element 23 at the input of counter 25. If this is a question, the answer to which should be generated in one action, a unit was recorded in register 24 and, consequently, the contents of counter 25 are compared in node 26 with the contents of register 24. As a result, a signal is generated at the output of node 26 that permits the output of the result from the decoder 28 to the adder 17 of block 6.The output of the node 26 also goes to the inputs of the counters 25 and 27 and the register 24, setting them to their initial state. If a student does not ask for a response, see the consultation, then the code of the standard response from the register of the standard response of block 3 enters block 4 and is indicated, and the attempt counter in block 5 of the restriction of incorrect answers is set to zero, and the No signal from the output of block 5 enters the block 7 through the element OR 23 in the counter 25, i.e. seeking advice is considered an incorrect answer. If the response must be formed by more than one action, then in register 24 of block 7, the reference number of actions in the solution is recorded. The student forms the answers for each action, while in the counter 27 the number of correct actions in the decision is counted, and in the counter 25 the total number of actions taken in the decision. When all actions are performed, i.e. the contents of counter 25 compares with the contents of register 24 and at the output of node 26 a signal turns on that allows the output of information from decoder 28, then the output of decoder 28 shows a code depending on the ratio of the number of correctly performed actions and the reference number of actions in the solution i.e. on the degree of completeness of the answer. This code pops into the adder 17 of block 6. S If, answering such a question, the students do not know how to perform the next action, then it forms a signal I don’t know which information is being outputted. From the decoder 28 to block 6. And depending on what part of the actions during the response, most often performed correctly, i.e. how fully he responded, to the output of the decoder 28 in accordance with the Wits, the corresponding code supplied to the adder 7 of block 6.

When switching from one ticket question to another, a comparison block 3, a limiter 5 incorrect answers and a block 7 for determining the completeness of the answers are reset.

In the course of the answer, some value accumulates in the adder 17 of the block 6, depending on the degree of completeness of the answer for each question. Information from the output of the adder 17 goes to one input of the And 20 elements of the decoder 19, to the other input of And 20 elements of the reference number questions in the ticket from the register 18. Depending on the ratio of these values, at the output of the OR 21 elements, a signal arises, corresponding to one or another assessment.

After all questions of the ticket have been answered (to all known student ticket issues), the student generates the Estimate signal, according to which the signal from the output of the decoder 19 in block 6 enters through the elements OR 21 to the display elements 22 of the same block and thus the score is presented to the student. .

The device is reset either by a Reset signal or when proceeding to the next ticket.

Control signal formation schemes Reset, Input, Consultation, I do not know, and the Evaluation is not shown. . .

In the known devices, it is not possible to monitor the progress of the solution and assess the degree of completeness of the answer. For example, if a student is offered a test task for which he has to perform a series of actions, then the basic device can check whether the correct answer to the task was entered by the student, in which case the answer code for the task is printed on the tape. If the response codes for each action are applied to a punched tape, which is equivalent to character-by-character input of answers, the device will detect the error made by the students in some action but will not analyze in which particular action the error was made, and the entire solution of the task will be recognized as erroneous. The control of knowledge of a student on a ticket consisting, for example, of three questions and two multi-functional tasks on a basic device, would look like this. If the student did not answer one of the three questions and made a mistake in one of the actions of the Action, then the basic device would rate it as incorrect answers on two questions without taking into account that the student, having solved the problem, made a mistake in only one action of the task, but the reasoning of his task was generally correct.

The proposed device allows one to control the course of the decision, to evaluate the completeness of the answer for each question, to accurately determine the ignorance of which particular section of the course under study leads to the wrong answer, and to formulate the assessment in exact correspondence with the correctness and completeness of the student’s answers.

The proposed device has higher didactic capabilities as well. Because when I do not know how to perform any other action, the student may seek advice and he will receive a reference answer on this action. In this case, the device will record the appeal of the participant for consultation, which will reduce its assessment. However, students, having received a consultation, have the opportunity to continue the answer and come to the correct answer as a whole.

In addition, the presence of punched tape for the program in the control (training) in the basic object does not allow the teacher. to intervene operatively in the process of control (training), and in the proposed device the teacher can quickly change the conditions of the task by issuing another ticket or changing the contents of the memory block, and this allows a differentiated approach to the definition of knowledge for a different contingent of students, which is very important from a pedagogical point view.

The proposed device allows the student to choose an arbitrary order of answers to the Hai questions, while in the basic device, the order is strictly determined by a rigid program stuffed on punched tape. This also indicates broader didactic possibilities of the device.

The proposed device is simpler in design, it lacks a bulky and expensive element that ensures its high availability.

The presence of simple standardized elements simplifies the manufacturing technology and reduces the cost of the device during mass production.

Claims (2)

1. A device for training and monitoring knowledge of the author. St. No. 430431, characterized in that ,. in order to expand the didactic capabilities of the device, into it a block for determining the completeness of the answer is introduced, and the inputs of the blocks for outputting information and evaluation are connected to you with the moves of the comparing unit and the limiter - unreliable responses through the block for determining the completeness of the answer. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the response completeness determining unit comprises a register and a series-connected element OR, the first counter, the comparison node, the second counter and the decoder, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the comparison node and the output a register connected to the second input of the comparison node, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first counter and the first input of the register, the input of the OR element, the second input of the second counter and the second input of the register are the input of the block, the outputs, counter and decoder are output unit. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 732971, cl. G 09 B 7/02, 1977. 2. USSR author's certificate number 430431, cl. G 09 B 7/02, 1972 (prototype). KSh4 f 12  four L D / jiS / 1.3 Yes Bmdfl.5 КШ «SmS / 1.2 g .Omf / i.i Fng. KY noflt code bi / iema fJo / ie SoffDocoS PO / 1I Fi.5 fle / ie Ofn fffjoe f adnuct of} et) nod 1 ontak1 1 on Rno70