SK8810Y1 - Cooling and heating device for households and smaller spaces - Google Patents

Abstract

The cooling and heating device for households and smaller spaces has at least one Peltier element (4) on one side connected to a heat exchanger (8) in which an internal fan (9) is located. On the other hand, it is connected to the internal cooler (10). Internal cooler (10) is part of the liquid cooling circuit (11) into which the centrifugal pump (12) and the external cooler (13) are inserted. An external fan (14) is associated with external cooler (13). Electric appliances are powered by electric energy obtained from photovoltaic panels (3) located in the exterior of the building. There is also an indoor unit (2) in which an external cooler (13) and an outdoor fan (14) are mounted. All other elements of the device are arranged in the indoor unit (1) located indoors, in a space that you need to cool or heat.

Description

Technical field

The technical solution belongs to the area of small air-conditioning devices using a renewable power source to influence the temperature in a smaller space. energy.

Prior art

At present, solutions of air-conditioning devices based on the use of Peltier thermoelectric cells (hereinafter Peltier cells) are known. In them, after connecting to a DC power supply, one side of the flat thermocouple heats up and at the same time the other side cools down. The hot and cold sides of the cell are made of ceramic plates. When the polarity of the applied voltage changes, the hot and cold sides of the cell change. The initially warm side becomes cold and vice versa.

A solution of a cooling unit according to EP 0377756 is known, intended for immediate cooling of the face and upper part of a person by fanning so that air blown through a cooler connected to the cold sides of the Peltier cell system emerges as a breeze from the front of the unit. the fan cools the warm side of the Peltier cells and exits the unit upwards. The total temperature in the room is little or not affected.

Another close solution is given in the Slovak utility model 8541. The described device uses the properties of Peltier cells to heat water for wall and / or floor heating of the room, respectively. buildings and in the summer to cool these areas. The source of el. energy are solar photovoltaic cells, whose excess energy is recharged by the battery. It stabilizes the voltage and supplies electrical components at night or on days with weak sunlight.

The essence of the technical solution

The aim of the technical solution is to create an air conditioning system for the household or smaller spaces, based on the use of only solar energy through electric panels. This satisfies a cooling and heating device for households and small spaces, the essence of which is at least one Peltier cell, which in a commercial embodiment is a set of elementary cells connected inside in series and / or in parallel to achieve a specified rated input voltage and rated power. The Peltier cell is installed in an indoor unit located inside the building. It is connected on the one hand to the internal coolers and on the other hand to the heat exchanger. An internal fan is arranged at the heat exchanger. The internal cooler is part of a liquid cooling circuit, preferably filled with antifreeze. A centrifugal pump, also located in the indoor unit, and an outdoor cooler, to which an outdoor fan is assigned, are integrated in this circuit. The outdoor cooler and outdoor fan are located together in the exterior of the building. At least one photovoltaic panel is installed in the exterior, which is the only energy source for the device according to the technical solution. It is electrically connected to the Knitting cell via a polarity switch and to the internal fan, pump and external fan via a voltage stabilizer. The outdoor cooler and outdoor fan are located in the outdoor unit. More photovoltaic panels can be used to power the device. Depending on the required rated voltage and power, they are connected in series and / or in parallel and have a common output. At the output of the photovoltaic panels there is a switch connected in series and a circuit breaker behind it. The input of the polarity switch and the input of the voltage stabilizer are connected in parallel to the output of the circuit breaker.

The device is most effective in the most intense sunlight. It does not depend on other energy. Thus, it does not depend on the distribution of el. network. It has no additional battery. It manifests itself abundantly when the sun shines. Then, especially in summer, he needs it the most. The device is designed as maintenance-free. It is quiet, ecological and inexpensive.

Overview of figures in the drawings

The technical solution is explained in more detail in the drawings, where FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device arrangement, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electrical connection.

S K 8810 Υ1

Examples of embodiments

The device according to the technical solution has an indoor unit 1, an outdoor unit 2 and a group of solar photovoltaic panels 3, located outdoors in a place sufficiently exposed to sunlight. In the indoor unit 1, located in a room of an apartment, house or in a smaller functional space, the Peltier cell 4 is connected via a voltage polarity switch 5 - with positions marked "summer", "winter" - circuit breaker 6 and switch 7 to the power supply. current, which are photovoltaic panels 3. These are interconnected so that the output el. the voltage of the source at maximum exposure and full power was about 14 V and so that the intensity of the current taken can reach a value of about 10 A. One side of the Peltier cell 4, painted with a thermally conductive substance, is connected to a heat exchanger 8 in which an internal fan 9 is installed. the side of the Peltier cell 4, also coated with a thermally conductive substance, is connected to an internal cooler 10. The inner cooler 10 is connected by a plastic pipe, with an inner diameter of about 10 mm, to a cooling circuit 11 filled with antifreeze, together with a centrifugal circulation pump 12 and an external cooler. 13. The outdoor cooler 13 is mounted together with the outdoor fan 14 in an outdoor unit 2 located in the exterior of the building. The indoor fan 9, the circulation pump 12 and the outdoor fan 14 are connected to the output of a voltage stabilizer 15 located in the indoor unit 1. The purpose of the voltage stabilizer 15 is to keep the fluctuating voltage from the photovoltaic panels 3 at a value suitable for electric motors. of the voltage stabilizer 15 is connected in two poles to the el. circuit between circuit breaker 6 and switch 5. Here, Knitter cell 4 is to be understood as meaning a set of elementary Peltier cells assembled into one commercial product, the external dimensions of which differ from another product of the same type according to operating voltage and rated power.

The device, whose only energy is the electrical energy obtained from the photovoltaic panels 3, when they are illuminated by sunlight, works as follows: after switching on the circuit breaker 6 (it is assumed to be switched on permanently) and the switch 7, the el. the voltage from the photovoltaic panels 3 receives on the Peltier cell 4 and via the voltage regulator 15 V to the pump 12, the indoor fan 9 and the outdoor fan 14. The pump 12 and the fans 9, 14 start working from a voltage of approx. , resp. cooling from the Peltier cell 4. In summer operation, the antifreeze mixture, heated in the internal cooler 10, is blown by the pump 12 through the external cooler 13 blown by the external fan 14. Due to the low cooling efficiency of the Peltier cells (30%), it is necessary to oversize the external cooler 13 and optionally double or amplify the outdoor fan 14. On the opposite side of the Peltier cell 4, the heat exchanger 8 takes cold from them, through which the air drawn from the room is blown by the indoor fan 9, blown into the room on the other side of the heat exchanger 8 cooled.

In winter operation - after switching switch 5 to the "cold" position, the polarity on the terminals of the Peltier cell 4 changes. As a result, its cold side changes to the warm side. Heat is removed from it by a heat exchanger 8 blown by an internal fan 9. The air thus compressed enters the room in which the indoor unit 1 is installed, heated.

Measuring devices for checking voltage, current and temperature can be placed in the indoor unit 1. At full power of the device according to the exemplary embodiment, the air temperature at the outlet of the indoor unit 1 is reached at about 17 ° C in summer operation and about 46 ° C in winter operation. In the case of lower sunlight intensity, the power decreases. During operation, you can only hear the quiet operation of the internal fan 9, so this device is suitable for living or smaller office or similar spaces.

In other embodiments, multiple Peltier cells and photovoltaic panels may be used to achieve greater cooling or heating performance.

S K 8810 Υ1

List of reference marks

- indoor unit - outdoor unit - photovoltaic panel - Peltier cell - switch - circuit breaker

- power switch

- heat exchanger

- internal fan - external cooler - cooling circuit - pump

- external cooler

- outdoor fan - voltage stabilizer

Claims (6)

CLAIMS FOR PROTECTION A cooling and heating device for households and smaller spaces based on at least one Peltier cell, which in a commercial embodiment is a set of elementary cells connected inside in series and / or in parallel to achieve a specified rated input voltage and rated power, the Peltier cell being in an indoor unit, located in the interior of the building, connected on the one hand to the internal cooler and on the other hand to the heat exchanger, characterized in that an internal fan (9) is arranged at the heat exchanger (8), while the internal cooler (10) is part of the liquid cooling a circuit (11) filled with liquid, into which the pump (12) is inserted, also located in the indoor unit (1) and an outdoor cooler (13), to which an outdoor fan (14) is associated, which are located together in the exterior of the building, wherein at least one photovoltaic panel (3) is installed, which is electrically connected to the Peltier cell (4) via a polarity switch (5) and with an internal fan (9), a pump (12) and an external fan (14). Cooling and heating device for households and smaller spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that the outdoor cooler (13) and the outdoor fan (14) are located in the outdoor unit (2). Cooling and heating device for households and smaller spaces according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when several photovoltaic panels (3) are used, they are connected in series and / or in parallel in number according to the required voltage and power of the device, they have a common output. Cooling and heating device for households and smaller spaces according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner fan (9), the pump (12) and the outer fan (14) are connected to the output of a voltage stabilizer (15). Cooling and heating device for households and smaller spaces according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a switch (7) and a circuit breaker (6) are connected in series to the output of the photovoltaic panels (3), to the output of which the input is connected in parallel. polarity switch (5) and voltage stabilizer input (15). Cooling and heating device for households and smaller spaces according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid in the cooling circuit (11) is water or an antifreeze mixture.