SK8287Y1 - Inspection chamber with the cover to vertical and angular adjustment - Google Patents

Abstract

The inspection chamber has a concrete cone (4), at least 3 steel anchors (5) at the top, for screwing up the lifting eyes (6) or threaded anchor bars (7). The space between the concrete cone (4) and the rounded cover (1) or the square cover (2) is filled with a ring (15) or ring parts (15). The rounded cover (1) is composed of a fixed part (1A), movable part (1B) and a cover plate (1C). The fixed part (1A) has at least 3 mounting holes (3) and inside or outside there are in circumference at least 3 screw lines (11) with the V-shaped projections (12V) or L-shaped projections (12L). The movable part (1B) has inside or outside in circumference at least 3 screw lines (11) with the projections (12V) or (12L) placed mirror to the fixed part (1A). The square cover (2) is composed of a fixed part (2A), movable part (2B) and a cover plate (2C). The fixed part (2A) has four mounting holes (3), inside or outside in circumference there are projections (13A) arranged staggered one behind the other. The movable part has inside or outside in circumference projections (13B) arranged staggered one behind the other, placed mirror to the fixed part (2A).

Description

Technical field

The technical solution concerns a fundamentally new way of assembling the upper part of sewer manholes as well as sewer manhole covers, with the possibility of height and angle adjustment according to existing terrain conditions in the construction stage, with the possibility of further height adjustment during operation, without the need to break the road or other paved surfaces. subsequent repairs without extensive traffic restrictions and with minimal costs.

Prior art

After a thorough examination of the installation of manholes and manhole covers on them in the field, as well as a study of the technical manuals of manhole covers and manholes in the European Union, the following procedures and practices were found in their construction and completion.

- The sewer bottom is placed on a pre-made foundation so that the shaft is vertical, not perpendicular to the terrain or to the treated or paved surface.

- On the sewer bottom with and store sewer rings with a single groove.

- A sewer cone with a single groove is placed on the sewer rings.

- Sewer alignment rings with a single groove, cylindrical or wedge-shaped are placed on the sewer cone (or a cover plate is also laid).

- On the sewer rings with and places the sewer cover, round or square.

All these parts are glued together with cement glue or high-strength foam.

The pits are backfilled with gravel and the hatches are subsequently basalted or concreted.

This ideal procedure is suitable for ideal conditions, which in practice means that it is a new building, even in an almost ideally flat terrain.

Major assembly problems occur when it comes to sloping terrain, because of how to place the cover under the correct inclination, as the shaft is vertical and the terrain is sloping. Although it is possible to use wedge-shaped rings with one standard inclination, which is usually not suitable, and in addition it is thin and brittle and breaks. Another and significant problem arises during operation, when compacting and pushing the shaft into the ground from transport, or also when making a new and higher asphalt carpet.

Then it is necessary to mill the area around the shaft, cut down the asphalt, remove the cover, cut out the base and clean everything.

This is followed by matching the height of the hatch with the terrain rings, which, however, will never ideally succeed.

This is followed by one good practice that is not mentioned or openly recommended by any manufacturer, and that is improvisation on the spot.

Specifically, it is the underlaying of wedges under the rings and the cover, the inflation of the tube from the tire, to close inaccuracies inside the shaft and then pouring the concrete from the outside.

This is followed by laborious and gradual compaction of the gravel in layers and asphalting around the cover. All this is necessary to do often in full car traffic, which is a really huge financial and safety problem.

Lids are currently made of materials such as cast iron, plastic, composite, concrete or a combination thereof.

In shape, they are either round or square, mostly square. They are usually constructed of a frame and a cover plate or grid.

All covers have smooth horizontal contact and mounting surfaces, which is not really true, because during the cooling of the product, during their production, deformations occur and so in operation the individual parts collide and ring each other. Some manufacturers solve this problem with additional seals, which, however, accumulate sanding salts and gravel, which causes faster corrosion and wear.

As an absurdity, when finishing work on a completely new road, the asphalts almost never align in height with the plane of the hatch, which in practice seems to pave and roll the entire road with the hatches and their surroundings, and then all the manhole covers from the new road. the roads are milled, the asphalt is cut, the ground is cut and everything is cleaned. This is followed by harmonizing the height of the hatch with asphalt rings and improvisations, ie by placing wedges under the rings and the hatch, inflating the tube from the tire to close inaccuracies inside the shaft and then pouring concrete from the outside, all on a completely new path, so as not to damage it and also to combine even newer asphalt with new asphalt so that the competent authorities do not notice it during the approval.

S K 8287 Yí

The essence of the technical solution

The purpose of this technical solution is to solve:

a) construction and assembly details, important in the stage of construction and completion of sewer manholes, to simplify their assembly even in difficult slope conditions,

b) construction and assembly details important in the process of use, ie during their operation, also to speed up and reduce the cost of their repairs, as these are mostly very busy structures and buildings.

The key solution in part a), which deals with this technical solution, is another placement of the concrete cone and parts above it, using threaded anchor rods, used mainly to support, store and anchor the cast iron, plastic or composite cover, in cooperation with rectifying nuts for adjusting the height and inclination of the cover, the rectifying nuts being at the bottom and top of the cover and allowing it to be fixed, which may be permanent or variable, depending on the shape of the rectifying nuts.

The space between the concrete cone and the cover, usually with the ring or its parts, is supplemented by a concrete mixture, while the threaded anchor rods also form a steel reinforcement of the structure above the cone, which would not otherwise be there, making this joint more flexible and stronger to vibrations. , especially from vehicle wheels.

The key solution in part b), which deals with this technical solution, is that during the operation of the manhole and manhole cover, ie when they fall by vibration, repairing the road or laying a new asphalt carpet, it is not necessary to mill the shaft area, cut asphalt, remove the manhole cover. , cut out the base and clean everything, then adjust the heights of the lid with rings, which will never work perfectly, then improvise by placing wedges under the lid and then pour the concrete from the outside, then work compacting and asphalting the surroundings to the desired height.

The new cover is designed to be placed on a concrete cone in two basic shapes, either round or square (polygonal). The difference in this new technical solution compared to the various current hatches is that:

Round hatch - the essence of the technical solution:

- The round cover consists of a fixed and a movable part or also a cover plate, the movable part being pushed inwards or pushed in from the outside to the fixed part. The fixed part has helices with protrusions on its circumference, inside or outside, in the number of at least 3 pieces and more, while the movable part forms a counterpart, it also has helices with protrusions on its circumference, on the outside or inside, in number and shape mirrored against the fixed parts.

- The helices have protrusions along their length, either symmetrical in the shape of a V or asymmetrical in the shape of an L, which function as self-locking, thus limiting the mutual play between the two parts of the hatch and thus their banging on each other during vehicle wheel impacts.

- The height of the cover is adjusted by lifting and turning the moving part as when screwing the screws, but with the difference that the protrusions on the helix provide positional stability against unintentional rotation in any direction. How many protrusions the moving part rotates, how many heights increase or will reduce its height compared to the fixed part of the hatch, by hl-hx.

- If you need to raise the lid extraordinarily, it is also possible to use a spacer of a similar design. - This technical solution essentially excludes maintenance and repair work, to the extent otherwise usual.

Square (polygonal) hatch - the essence of the technical solution:

- The square (polygonal) cover consists of a fixed and a movable part or also a cover plate, the movable part being pushed inwards or pushed in from the outside to the fixed part. The fixed part has stepped projections around its circumference, from the inside or outside, the movable part forms a counterpart, it also has stepped projections around its circumference, either from the outside or inside, in the number according to the fixed part.

- The stepped projections are designed so that it is possible to lift and move the moving part on the square cover up to 4 times by 90 °, which means that it is possible to set 4 height positions, ie by 1 height for each 90 ° rotation, at a polygonal lid is the number of height positions according to the number of sides of the polygon.

- If you need to raise the lid extraordinarily, it is also possible to use a spacer of a similar design. - This technical solution essentially excludes maintenance and repair work, to the extent otherwise usual.

Overview of figures in the drawings

The essence of the technical solution will be explained with the help of drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the current method of constructing a concrete sewer shaft with a cone, leveling rings and a cover, without the possibility of precise height and angle adjustment, without steel anchors, threaded anchor rods, rectifying nuts and a movable adjustable part.

S K 8287 Yí

In FIG. 2 is a concrete cone which has at least 3 steel anchors built into its upper and narrowed part, used for screwing in the lifting eyes, for lifting and storing the cone and the shaft.

In FIG. 3 are screwed-in threaded anchor rods in a concrete cone, for height and inclination adjustment of the cover, with rectifying nuts and washers, the intermediate space being switched off by a concrete ring with holes or parts thereof.

In FIG. 4 are details of a steel anchor used for screwing in the lifting eyes, also for lifting and placing the cone on the shaft and also for detail of the screwed-in threaded anchor rod, for height and inclination adjustment of the cover, with rectifying nuts and washers.

In FIG. 5 are details of the rectifying nuts, bottom and top of the cover, allowing its height and inclination adjustment and fixing, which can be permanent, with conventional washers and nuts, or time-varying, due to the different shape of the rectifying nuts, which are operated from above, bottom they have a conical shape against sticking to concrete.

In FIG. 6 are views and sections of a round cover, which consists of a fixed and a movable part and a cover plate, the latter having around its circumference, inside or outside, helices with protrusions, in the number of at least 3 pieces and more. The helices with protrusions are symmetrical in a V - shape or asymmetrical in an L - shape. The height of the cover is adjusted by lifting and turning the movable part against the fixed part, by hl - hx.

In FIG. 7 are sections of a round cover, with alternatives of V-shaped or L-shaped projections, the movable part being inserted inwards or slidable from the outside onto the fixed part, with the possibility of oversized extension by means of an intermediate insert.

In FIG. 8 are views and sections of a square cover, which consists of a fixed and a movable part or also a cover plate, the movable part being inserted inwards or slidable from the outside onto the fixed part, having stepped projections on its circumference from the inside or outside.

In FIG. 9 shows views and sections of a square cover, where the movable part is inserted into a fixed part, with stepped protrusions, with a rotation of 4 times by 90 ° by 4 height positions, h1 to h4.

In FIG. 10 shows views and sections of a square cover, where the movable part slides onto a fixed part with stepped protrusions, with a rotation 4 times by 90 ° by 4 height positions, h1 to h4.

In FIG. 11 shows views and sections of a square cover, where the movable part is inserted into a fixed part, with stepped protrusions, the number of stepped protrusions being able to be multiplied several times in a row for better stability of the movable part.

Examples of embodiments

The round cover 1 consists of a fixed part 1A and a movable part 1B, and a cover plate 1G, the fixed part 1A having at least 3 mounting holes 3.

The square (polygonal) cover 2 consists of a fixed part 2A and a movable part 2B, and a cover plate 2G, the fixed part 2A having 4 mounting holes 3.

The cover is placed on a sewer shaft, which has a concrete cone 4, has at its top and narrowed part at least 3 built-in steel anchors 5, which build a set of structures during casting.

The steel anchors 5 serve for screwing in the lifting eyes 6, for lifting and placing the cone on the sewer shaft. The steel anchors 5 also serve for screwed-on threaded anchor rods 7, for height and inclination adjustment of the round cover 1 or square cover 2, by means of rectifying nuts 8 and washers 10, from below and from above cover 1 or 2, enabling its height and inclination adjustment. wherein this rectification can be permanent, in the case of the conical shape of the period rectification nuts 9 also variable, which can be actuated from above, so that they can lift the cover 1 or 2 at any time by turning it.

The space between the concrete cone 4 and the cover j. or 2 vertically and also by threaded anchor rods 7 horizontally is filled by a ring 15 or parts of a ring 15.

The round cover 1 and its fixed part 1A have at least 3 pieces of screws around their circumference, inside or outside, these having a symmetrical V-shaped projections 12V or asymmetrical L-shaped projections 12L along their length.

The height of the round cover hl - hxsa is adjusted by lifting and turning the movable part 1B of the cover L which also has around its circumference, either externally or internally, helices with protrusions 12V or 12L mirror-image to the fixed part 1A.

The square (polygonal) cover 2 has 4 mounting holes 3 on the fixed part 2A, around its circumference on the fixed part, inside or outside it has stepped protrusions 13A on the movable part 2B, also on the outside or inside it also has stepped protrusions 13B, so that by turning the movable part 2B against the fixed part 2A, 4 times by 90 °, it is possible to set 4 height positions, hl to h4, in the case of a polygonal lid it is according to the number of sides of height hl to hn. The stepped protrusions 13A and 13B can be multiplied several times for greater stability.

S K 8287 Yí

Industrial applicability

Sewerage shaft and manhole with height and angle adjustment have their use especially in the field of transport structures and engineering infrastructure in cities and towns.

Utilization is important in the stage of construction and completion of sewer manholes, to simplify and improve their installation, even in demanding sloping conditions.

The usability of technical details is also advantageous in the process of use, ie during their operation, also to speed up and reduce the cost of their repairs, as they are mostly very busy constructions without the need for extensive road breakage or other paved areas, their subsequent repair, even without extensive 10 traffic restrictions.

Claims (4)

Sewer manhole with cover, with height and angle adjustment, characterized in that it consists of a concrete cone (4) with at least three steel anchors (5) for screwing lifting eyes (6) or threaded anchor rods (7), for which houses a cover (1, 2) comprising a fixed part (ΙΑ, 2A) with mounting holes (3), a movable part (1B, 2B) placed on the fixed part (1A, 2A) and a cover plate (1C, 2C) located on the movable part (1B, 2B), the fixed part (ΙΑ, 2A) and the movable part (1B, 2B) being provided with protrusions (12V, 12L, 13A, 13B) from the inside or outside. Sewer manhole with cover, with height and angle adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that the threaded anchor rods (7) are provided with rectifying nuts (8) or periodic rectifying nuts (9) with washers (10), the space between the concrete cone (4) and the lid (1, 2) are filled with a ring (15). Sewer manhole with cover, with height and angle adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that the round cover (1) has at least 3 screws (11) with protrusions (12V, 12L) on the circumference inside or outside the fixed part (1A) , arranged mirror - image of the movable part (1B), with at least 3 screws (11) with protrusions (12V, 12L). Manhole with a cover, with height and angle adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that the square cover (2) has stepped projections (13A) arranged circumferentially on the inside or outside of the fixed part (2A), mirror-image of the movable part (2B). ) with stepped protrusions (13B).