SK606489A3 - Road-track crossing - Google Patents

Description

Road crossing with rail track

Area ....... te.ch.ni k ... y

The invention relates to the crossing of a roadway with a rail track, in particular rail or urban tramway, comprising rails mounted on sleepers mounted on a gravel bed.

Existing ........ state ........ technician y

Roadway crossings that allow road vehicles to pass through both rail and urban tramways are usually made up of reinforced concrete panels, in some cases by combining sleepers with other materials, for example by placing railroad sleepers along the rails. and between them there is a filler made of gravel, asphalt or concrete. In the case of reinforced concrete panels, these are laid on a gravel bed and supported by sand.

Various types of steel fillings and specially shaped reinforced rubber or plastic are also known, which are supported on sleepers and rails.

A common disadvantage of known crosses is their short operational time and the need for frequent repairs or reconstructions. These require bypasses and closures causing time loss and increased fuel consumption and thus environmental degradation.

The basic reason for the short service life of the roadway crossings is the difference in load from rail and road traffic, which is about 25 t for rail traffic and about 8 t for road traffic.

Cross-interference with the use of panels of different types is mainly due to the fact that rains cause leaching of the underlying sand and hence uneven placement of the panels and uneven support of the panels, which causes them to become deformed and cracked when the panels are loaded by road traffic. The ingress of water under the panels in winter due to frosts causes uneven lifting of the panels, which burst again under load, causing damage to the roadway section even from track operation.

The essence ....... of the invention

These disadvantages are overcome by crossing the roadway with a rail track, in particular rail or urban tramway, comprising rails mounted on sleepers mounted on a ballast bed, according to the invention, which consists in that the upper surface of each sleeper, rail fasteners, heels are provided with a flexible layer, preferably of microporous rubber, with a maximum water absorption capacity of 20%, the voids above the flexible layer and over the gravel placed on a gravel bed between sleepers are filled between the rails and the outside of these rails up to the ends of sleepers; preferably from a mixture of plastic concrete to the level of the rail heads, except for narrow slits along the inner sides of their heads.

It is preferred that the cast layers are reinforced with steel or glass or steel fibers.

The advantage of crossing the roadway with the rail track according to the invention is that the inserted elastic layer of elastic material ensures separation of the effect of the rail and road traffic. In the solution according to the invention, it is impossible to settle the pavement part of the crossing, because the poured layer of the plastic-concrete mixture is deposited without sand underlay. Another advantage is that the resilient layer of resilient material limits the ingress of water and dirt between the sleeper and the poured layer, which greatly contributes to an increase in the service life of the pavement crossing.

A further advantage of the solution according to the invention is a significant time reduction of traffic avoidance and avoidance during the construction or renewal of the crossing.

Overview ....... images

An example of an embodiment of a roadway crossing with a rail track is shown in the drawing. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rail crossing; and FIG. 2 is a cross-section along line II-II in FIG. First

Exemplifying the ears of the invention

At the crossing point of the rail track, the rails 1 are attached to conventional sleepers 2 arranged in the usual spacing by means of conventional fastening means 3 formed by the base plates and fasteners. The sleepers 2 are placed on a gravel bed 4, which is spread and collapsed on a railway bed.

5. The spaces between the sleepers 2 are filled with gravel 6 to the level of the upper edge of the sleepers 2. The upper surface of each sleeper 2, the fastening means 3, the pawls 7 fixed thereto. and the sides of the webs 8 and the rail heads 9 are provided with an elastic layer 10 of a resilient road traffic of compressible material, for example microporous rubber, with a maximum water absorption of 20%. The remaining free spaces above the elastic layer 1.0 and above the gravel 6 are filled between the rails 1 and from the outside of these rails 1 up to the level of the ends of the sleepers 2 by poured layers .1.1 ... 12, .13. made of a mixture of plastic concrete or concrete polymer into the floodplain of the 9 rails .1, except for narrow slits 1.4 along the inner sides of the 9 rails .1 for the underside of the tire hoops. At the level of the ends of sleepers .2 there are cast layers .1.2, .13. by means of vertical waterproofing 15, for example asphalt, in contact with the pavement structure. The cast layers 11, 1.2, 13 are cast on the flexible layer 10 and are anchored in the gravel 6 by simply flowing between the gravel grains and at the same time between the heels 7 and the heads 9 of the rails. The cast layers .11, .1.2, 1.3 may be provided with reinforcement (not shown), for example of steel or glass or steel fibers, to prevent shrinkage cracks.

When the roadway crossings are loaded by rail vehicles, the gravel bed 4 under the sleepers 2 is resiliently compressed, relieving the elastic layer .1.0 because of the cast layers .1.1, 1.2, 1.3. they remain held and supported by gravel 6 between the sleepers 2. The rails 1 drop relative to the cast layers 1.1, 1 ... 2, 13 or at the critical point, i.e. no. at the lower contour of the rail head .9, it does not disturb the poured layers .1.1, .1, .3, .3, because at this point the elastic layer 10 is compressed. After the rails .1 have been relieved, the rails 1 and of sleepers 2, which, however, is temporarily larger than the previous decline. This slightly increases those, which in practice are about 1 mm, but does not cause disruption of the cast layers 11, 12, 13, since the elastic layer 1.0 is compressed.

The load on roadway crossings will then be proportionally less stressed, resulting in compression of the elastic layer 1.0. and a gravel .6 in which the layers .1..1, 12, .1.3 are poured. grounded without disturbing them.

Industrial applicability .......

The invention can be used in the construction of new railway crossings, repair and reconstruction of existing and further on intersections of urban tramways.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS Crossing a roadway, in particular rail or urban tramway, comprising rails mounted on sleepers supported on a gravel bed, characterized in that the upper surface of each sleeper (2), rail fasteners (3), heels ( 7), the sides of the webs (8) and the heads (9) of the rails (1) are provided with a resilient layer (10), with free spaces above the resilient layer (10) and over the gravel (6) disposed on the gravel bed (4) between. sleepers (2) are filled between the rails (1) and outside these rails (1) up to the level of the ends of sleepers (2) filled with poured layers (11, 12, 13) to the leveling heads (9) of the rails (1), slits (14) along the inside ..... the sides of their heads (9). Crossing according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic layer (10) is formed by a microporous rubber having a n of at most 20% and that the cast layers (11, 12, 13) are made of a plastic concrete.