RU2095514C1 - Design of decking across tramway tracks and their coverings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation engineering. SUBSTANCE: decking across railway tracks and their coverings is made up of crushed-stone ballast and wooden sleepers. Additionally provided in decking is compacted levelling layer of gravel located above wooden sleepers and crushed-stone ballast. Placed on this layer are flat rectangular reinforced concrete slabs with following ratio of lengths (across tramway track): L₁< L₂< L₃, where L₁ - length of slabs placed on shoulders of tramway tracks (side slabs): L₂ - length of slabs placed within track limits; L₃ - length of slabs placed between tracks. Joints between slabs, and also between slabs and rails are hermetically sealed by special sealant mastic. EFFECT: high efficiency. 1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of transport construction, and in particular to the construction of level crossings at the intersections of the tram track with the road, and can also be used as a continuous coating of tram tracks. Known tram crossing containing reinforced concrete slabs of complex configuration [1] However, this design requires a lot of labor, increased consumption of reinforced concrete, has low maintainability.

 It is known to cover a tram crossing, including reinforced concrete slabs laid on a base in the inter-blast, under-rail space and on the side of the road, each of which is made with openings for the corresponding railroad track ties. The slabs laid on the curbs are made with the tramway oriented parallel to the axis of the tramway in the upper part and a vertical protrusion located at its end section. The plates are made with a protrusion on one of the ends and a ledge on the other, while the adjacent plates are interconnected along the length of the tram crossing using fasteners [2] It has several disadvantages. Thus, reinforced concrete slabs, due to their long length, can only be used on straight sections of tram tracks, and also have a complex spatial configuration and do not provide high operational reliability.

The closest to the invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is the construction of a crossing deck (level crossing) through tram tracks and tramway coverings, including sand ballast, frame-type concrete sleepers, rails, flat rectangular reinforced concrete slabs located on the sides of tram tracks, in a rail track and interblow with the ratio of the plate lengths (across the tram tracks): L ₁ <L ₂ <L ₃ , where L _{1 is the} length of the plates laid on the sides of the tram tracks (lateral); L _{2 the} length of the plates laid in the rail track; L _{3 the} length of the slabs laid between the blades and the sealed joints between adjacent slabs [3]
The disadvantages of the known design are its orientation on the use of reinforced concrete sleepers of frame type and laying plates on sand ballast. In operation, significant shortcomings of frame sleepers were revealed, the under-rail part of which got a landing, and cracks appeared in the connecting part of the sleepers; however, the path on the frame sleepers does not have the necessary equal elasticity. The use of sand under the slabs as ballast material significantly affects the quality of the work of the upper track structure.

 The objective of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-described construction of a leveling through tram tracks. Achieving a positive result is based on the use of a typical design of the top structure of tram tracks.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the construction of the crossing floor (level crossing) through tram tracks and tramway coverings, including crushed stone ballast on a sand cushion, wooden sleepers, rails, flat rectangular reinforced concrete slabs located on the sides of tram tracks, in a rail track and between with the ratio of the plate lengths (across the tram tracks): L ₁ <L ₂ <L ₃ , where L _{1 the} length of the plates laid on the sides of the tram tracks (lateral); L _{2 the} length of the plates laid in the rail track; L _{3 the} length of the slabs laid between the blades and the sealed joints between adjacent slabs, as well as between the slabs and rails, the ballast is made integral in height from the lower crushed stone layer and an additional leveling compacted layer of gravel located on top of wooden sleepers and crushed stone under the slabs. At the same time, the seams between adjacent plates, as well as between plates and rails, are sealed with a Vilaterm and mastic.

 The technical result of the invention is the possibility of applying the claimed design on straight and curved sections of the tram lines, increasing the operational reliability and durability of the coating of tram tracks while reducing the complexity of the work and the installation time of the structure.

 In FIG. 1 shows the construction of a crossover over tram tracks (tramway coverings), a plan; in FIG. 2 is a section along AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 a section along BB in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 node 1 in FIG. 3.

The construction of the passage through tram tracks (tramway coverings) includes a leveling compacted layer of gravel 1 located on top of wooden sleepers 2 and crushed stone ballast 3, on which are laid flat rectangular reinforced concrete slabs (blocks) of three sizes. The thickness and width of these plates are the same (along the tram tracks), the length of the plates (across the tram tracks) is different: plates 4 on the sides of the tram track (lateral) are relatively short L ₁ , plates 5 in the rail track are medium L ₂ , plates 6 are in the inter-blast the longest L ₃ . In order to prevent the ingress of atmospheric precipitation, moisture and dirt from the surface of the flooring through the seams between the plates to the lower part of the structure of the tram tracks, it is possible to seal the joints between the plates, as well as between the plates and rails. To do this, it is recommended to use the porous material Vilaterm 7 (TU 2291-003-03989419-96), which has a high coefficient of friction, over which a layer of special mastic 8 is poured (Aeroplast (TU 5770-73-00284718-93) or bitumen mastic). The preliminary laying of the wooden beam 9 in the cavity between the end face of the plate and the neck of the rail (under the rail head) ensures the fixation of the Vilaterm in node 1.

 Using the invention, it will be possible to use this coating both on straight and curved sections (with a radius of 50 m or more) of the tram tracks, which will increase the operational reliability and durability of the structure while reducing the complexity of the work and the installation time of the coating.

Claims (2)

1. The design of the crossing floor (level crossing) through the tram tracks and tramway coverings, including ballast, wooden sleepers, rails, flat rectangular reinforced concrete slabs located on the sides of the tram tracks, in a rail track and inter-blast with the ratio of the plate lengths (across the tram tracks)
L ₁ <L ₂ <L ₃ ,
where L _{1 the} length of the plates laid on the sides of the tram tracks (lateral);
L _{2 the} length of the plates laid in the rail track;
L _{3 the} length of the plates laid in the interblow,
and sealed joints between adjacent plates, as well as between plates and rails, characterized in that the ballast is made integral in height from the lower crushed stone layer and an additional leveling compacted layer of gravel located on top of wooden sleepers and crushed stone under the plates.  2. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the seams between adjacent plates, as well as between plates and rails, are sealed with a Vilaterm and mastic.

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