SK4402002A3 - Method of impregnation of cellulose-based products - Google Patents
Method of impregnation of cellulose-based products Download PDFInfo
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- SK4402002A3 SK4402002A3 SK440-2002A SK4402002A SK4402002A3 SK 4402002 A3 SK4402002 A3 SK 4402002A3 SK 4402002 A SK4402002 A SK 4402002A SK 4402002 A3 SK4402002 A3 SK 4402002A3
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- Prior art keywords
- autoclave
- oil
- product
- temperature
- rope
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005706 microflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/44—Tar; Mineral oil
- B27K3/48—Mineral oil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Spôsob impregnácie yárobkot/ založených na celulózeProcess for impregnating cellulose-based yarobots
Oblasť technikyTechnical field
Predkladaný vynález sa týka spôsobu impregnácie produktov založených na celulóze, predovšetkým z dreva, ako je rezivo, ďalšie drevené produkty a podobne, lanovým olejom. Tento spôsob zahŕňa pôsobenie ľanového oleja na tieto produkty počas zvýšenej teploty a tlaku v autokláve.The present invention relates to a process for impregnating cellulose-based products, in particular wood, such as lumber, other wood products and the like, with rope oil. The method involves treating linseed oil with these products during elevated temperature and autoclave pressure.
Doterajší stav technikyBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Napriek tomu, že je predkladaný vynález využiteľný aj v spojení s inými produktmi založenými na celulóze, ako je drevo, bude tento vynález ďalej opisovaný v spojení s drevom vo forme rôznych typov reziva. Rozklad dreva pri jeho vonkajšom použití je takmer výhradne spôsobený pliesňami a baktériami. Ďalej sa vyžaduje vhodná teplota, dostatok živín a kyslíka. Predchádzanie rozkladu môže byť založené na odstránení jednej z týchto podmienok nutných pre rast mikroorganizmov. Ako príklad môže byť uvedené, že pokial je obsah vlhkosti znížený na hodnotu nižšiu ako 20%, je biologickému rozkladu v podstate zabránené.Although the present invention is also applicable in conjunction with other cellulose-based products, such as wood, this invention will be further described in connection with wood in the form of various types of lumber. The decomposition of wood in its external use is almost exclusively due to molds and bacteria. Furthermore, appropriate temperature, sufficient nutrients and oxygen are required. Prevention of degradation may be based on the removal of one of these conditions necessary for the growth of microorganisms. By way of example, when the moisture content is reduced to less than 20%, biodegradation is substantially prevented.
Je známe množstvo rôznych spôsobov impregnácie na ochranu dreva a tieto spôsoby môžu byť v princípe rozdelené na techniky založené na dodávaní látok toxických pre rast mikroorganizmov a na techniky, kedy sú drevu dané hydrofóbne vlastnosti, napríklad impregnáciou nejakým druhom oleja. V druhom prípade je impregnačným činidlom surový ľanový olej, ktorý môže byť lisovaný za horúca alebo za studená, prevedený po vhodnom tepelnom ošetrení na lanovoolejovú fermež.A number of different wood preservation impregnation methods are known and can in principle be divided into techniques based on the delivery of substances toxic to the growth of microorganisms and techniques where wood is given hydrophobic properties, for example by impregnation with some kind of oil. In the latter case, the impregnating agent is crude linseed oil, which can be hot or cold pressed, converted into a rope oil varnish after suitable heat treatment.
Väčšina známych spôsobov impregnácie dreva olejom je založená na princípe využívania pretlaku počas impregnačného procesu. Okrem toho sú známe impregnačné spôsoby založené na princípe „horúceho a chladného postupu, t.j. rezivo je najprv ošetrené horúcim olejom a potom prenesené do chladného oleja, čo vedie k dosiahnutiu istého zlepšeného výsledku impregnácie. Známe spôsoby sú však neuspokojivé s ohľadom na získanie stupňa impregnácie vedúceho k zvýšeniu odolnosti voči útoku mikroorganizmov prítomných v prírode, napríklad mikroflóre spôsobenej agresívnou hnedou hnilobou.Most of the known methods of impregnating wood with oil are based on the principle of using overpressure during the impregnation process. In addition, impregnation methods based on the principle of a "hot and cold process", e.g. the lumber is first treated with hot oil and then transferred to cold oil, resulting in some improved impregnation result. However, the known methods are unsatisfactory with regard to obtaining a degree of impregnation leading to increased resistance to attack by microorganisms present in nature, for example microflora caused by aggressive brown rot.
Podstata vynálezu k v podstate zreteľom naSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Essentially with respect to
Predmetom predkladaného vynálezu je poskytnutie spôsobu impregnácie produktov založených na celulóze, predovšetkým z dreva, lanovým olejom, ktorý by viedol zlepšenému ochrannému účinku, predovšetkým so skutočnosť, že tento spôsob umožní vyšší stupeň absorpcie.It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for impregnating cellulose-based products, in particular wood, with rope oil which would lead to an improved protective effect, in particular the fact that the process allows a higher degree of absorption.
Ďalším predmetom predkladaného vynálezu je poskytnutie spôsobu zahrňujúceho niekoľko krokov využívajúceho počiatočný tepelný krok, kedy sú voda vo forme pary a obsiahnutý vzduch uvoľnené z produktu a následný krok, kedy je výsledok uvoľnenia vody a vzduchu využitý na zlepšenie absorpcie oleja.It is a further object of the present invention to provide a process comprising several steps utilizing an initial thermal step wherein water in the form of steam and contained air is released from the product and a subsequent step where the result of water and air release is utilized to improve oil absorption.
Ďalej je predmetom predkladaného vynálezu poskytnutie spôsobu striedavého využitia vákua v kombinácii s vysokou teplotou a potom ochladenie v kombinácii s pretlakom.It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of alternating use of vacuum in combination with high temperature and then cooling in combination with positive pressure.
Špecifickým predmetom predkladaného vynálezu je zaistenie, aby počas postupu bol prechod z kroku využívajúceho vákuum v kombinácii s vysokou teplotou na krok využívajúci ochladenie v kombinácii s pretlakom uskutočnený plynulo tak, aby bol dosiahnutý maximálny zisk z tohto prechodu.A specific object of the present invention is to ensure that during the process the transition from the vacuum step in combination with the high temperature to the cooling step in combination with the overpressure is effected continuously so as to obtain the maximum gain from this transition.
Na tento a ďalšie predmety, ktoré budú zrejmé z nasledujúceho popisu, poskytuje predkladaný vynález spôsob impregnácie produktov založených na celulóze, predovšetkým z dreva, ľanovým olejom, kde je na tieto produkty pôsobené lanovým olejom za zvýšenej teploty a zvýšeného tlaku v autokláve. Predkladaný vynález sa vyznačuje nasledujúcimi krokmi:For this and other objects, which will be apparent from the following description, the present invention provides a method of impregnating cellulose-based products, in particular wood, with linseed oil, wherein the products are treated with rope oil at elevated temperature and elevated pressure in an autoclave. The present invention is characterized by the following steps:
a) autokláv je naplnený produktom určeným na impregnáciu,a) the autoclave is filled with a product intended for impregnation,
b) lanový olej zahriaty na teplotu presahujúcu teplotu varu vody je vpravený do autoklávu tak, aby bol produkt lanovým olejom obklopený,(b) the rope oil heated to a temperature exceeding the boiling point of the water is introduced into the autoclave so that the product is surrounded by the rope oil;
c) počas udržiavania teploty na konštantnej hodnote je autokláv privedený na vákuum, voda vo forme pary a vzduch obsiahnutý v produkte sú uvoľnené z produktu von,c) while maintaining the temperature at a constant value, the autoclave is brought to a vacuum, the water in the form of steam and the air contained in the product are released from the product,
d) lanový olej je odstránený z autoklávu za súčasného privádzania ľanového oleja s teplotou nižšou, ako je teplota varu vody a autokláv je prednostne nastavený na pretlak, a(d) the rope oil is removed from the autoclave while supplying flaxseed oil at a temperature below the boiling point of water and the autoclave is preferably set to an excess pressure; and
e) chladný olej je odstránený z autoklávu, ktorý je prípadne na odstránenie nadbytočného oleja z produktu opäť nastavený na vákuum, impregnovaný produkt je následne vybratý z autoklávu.e) the cold oil is removed from the autoclave, which is optionally again set to vacuum to remove excess oil from the product, and the impregnated product is subsequently removed from the autoclave.
Spôsob podľa predkladaného vynálezu je v princípe založený na novom koncepte, kedy uskutočnenie autoklávu s horkým lanovým olejom pod vákuom prebieha priebežne s privádzaním chladného ľanového oleja so súčasným odvádzaním horúceho lanového oleja z autoklávu, kedy je autokláv priebežne privádzaný na pretlak. Týmto postupom je vákuum vytvorené za horúca a autoklávového vákua vo vnútri produktu maximálne využité, takže v spojení s dodávaným chladným ľanovým olejom a privedením autoklávu na pretlak dôjde k optimálnej absorpcii lanového oleja.The method according to the present invention is based in principle on a new concept, wherein the hot rope oil autoclave is carried out under vacuum continuously with the supply of cold linseed oil while the hot rope oil is withdrawn from the autoclave while the autoclave is continuously fed to the positive pressure. In this way, the hot vacuum and the autoclave vacuum inside the product are maximally utilized, so that in combination with the supplied cold linseed oil and bringing the autoclave to positive pressure, the rope oil will be optimally absorbed.
V predkladanom vynáleze výrazy „horúci lanovým olej a „chladný lanový olej teda znamenajú, že teplota oleja v prvom prípade presahuje teplotu varu vody a v druhom prípade je nižší ako teplota varu vody.Thus, in the present invention, the terms "hot rope oil" and "cold rope oil" mean that the oil temperature in the first case exceeds the boiling point of water and in the second case it is lower than the boiling point of water.
V kroku a) je vhodné zahriať lanový olej na teplotu 140 až 180°C, zatial čo v kroku c) je uprednostňované nastavenie autoklávu na pretlak do 1,5 MPa, napríklad od 0,5 do 1,2 MPa.In step a) it is suitable to heat the rope oil to a temperature of 140 to 180 ° C, while in step c) it is preferred to set the autoclave to an overpressure of up to 1.5 MPa, for example from 0.5 to 1.2 MPa.
V kroku ochladzovania d) je teplota chladného lanového oleja vhodným spôsobom udržovaná v rozmedzí od +70 do +85°C.In the cooling step d), the temperature of the cold rope oil is suitably maintained in the range of +70 to + 85 ° C.
V spôsobe podlá predkladaného vynálezu je výrazne uprednostňované na impregnáciu použiť spracovaný lanový olej zložený v podstate z kyseliny linolénovej, kyseliny linolovej a kyseliny olejovej, predovšetkým vo forme triglyceridov, kedy obsah volného tokoferolu v oleji je nižší ako 0,01%. Obsah voľného tokoferolu v lanovom oleji je s výhodou nižší, ako 0,0075% výhodnejšie nižší ako 0,005%. Detailné informácie týkajúce sa takého spracovaného lanového oleja sa nachádzajú v patentovej prihláške č. SE 9 03 621-2, vyplnenej súčasne s predkladaným vynálezom rovnakým prihlasovateľom a rovnakým vynálezcom. Obsah tejto patentovej prihlášky je tu pripojený odkazom.In the process according to the present invention, it is strongly preferred to use, for impregnation, a processed rope oil consisting essentially of linolenic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid, in particular in the form of triglycerides, wherein the free tocopherol content in the oil is less than 0.01%. The free tocopherol content of the rope oil is preferably less than 0.0075%, more preferably less than 0.005%. Detailed information regarding such processed rope oil is found in patent application no. SE 9 03 621-2, filed simultaneously with the present invention by the same applicant and the same inventor. The content of this patent application is incorporated herein by reference.
N akoniec tento spôsob môže zahŕňať záverečný krok vysušenia v prúde vzduchu pri izbovej teplote.Finally, the method may comprise a final drying step in a stream of air at room temperature.
Predkladaný vynález tiež zahŕňa výrobky, predovšetkým z dreva, získané pomocou vyššie uvedeného spôsobu.The present invention also encompasses products, in particular wood, obtained by the above process.
Predkladaný vynález bude ďalej opísaný v spojení s neobmedzujúcimi príkladmi uskutočnenia vynálezu, kde sú všetky uvedené percentuálne množstvá vztiahnuté na hmotnosť, pokiaľ nie je uvedené inak.The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the non-limiting examples of embodiments of the invention, wherein all percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
Príklady uskutočnenia vynálezuDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Príklad 1: Postup impregnácieExample 1: Impregnation procedure
Pri nasledujúcom postupe impregnácie je využívaný švédsky za studená lisovaný lanový olej z úrody roku 1998.In the following impregnation process, Swedish cold pressed rope oil from the 1998 crop is used.
Autokláv je naplnený rezivom určeným na impregnáciu za prítomnosti poschodových tyčí, ktoré boli rozmiestnené a upevnené. Autokláv je naplnený lanovým olejom zahriatym na teplotu v rozmedzí od 140 do 180°C, napríklad na 160°C tak, aby bolo rezivo kompletne lanovým olejom. Teplota je udržovaná na konštantnej hodnote a autokláv je privedený na vákuum. Pomocou vysokej teploty, na ktorú je rezivo zahriate a za prítomnosti vákua dôjde k odparovaniu vody a vodná para spoločne so vzduchom opustí pórovitý systém reziva.The autoclave is filled with lumber to be impregnated in the presence of bunk bars that have been spaced and fixed. The autoclave is filled with rope oil heated to a temperature in the range of from 140 to 180 ° C, for example to 160 ° C, so that the timber is completely rope oil. The temperature is kept constant and the autoclave is brought to vacuum. By the high temperature to which the lumber is heated and in the presence of vacuum water evaporates and water vapor together with air leaves the porous lumber system.
Po dokončení tepelného ošetrenia, ktoré prebieha počas asi 1 hodiny, je horúci olej priebežne nahradený chladným olejom pomocou odčerpávania horúceho oleja von z autoklávu a súčasného privádzania chladného oleja dnom do autoklávu. V rovnakom čase, kedy prebieha nahradenie horúceho oleja chladeným olejom, je tlak v autokláve postupne zvyšovaný z vákua na pretlak 1 MPA. Teplota chladného oleja je udržiavaná v rozmedzí od +75 do +85°C. Pri ochladzovaní reziva je v pórovitom systéme reziva vytvorený podtlak, čo vedie k lahšej impregnácii reziva impregnačným olejom a teda k zvýšeniu stupňa absorpcie.Upon completion of the heat treatment for about 1 hour, the hot oil is continuously replaced with cold oil by pumping the hot oil out of the autoclave and simultaneously feeding the cold oil to the autoclave. At the same time as hot oil is replaced with cooled oil, the pressure in the autoclave is gradually increased from vacuum to 1 MPA overpressure. The temperature of the cold oil is maintained in the range of +75 to + 85 ° C. When the timber is cooled, a vacuum is created in the porous timber system, which leads to easier impregnation of the timber with impregnating oil and thus to an increase in the degree of absorption.
Po dokončení ošetrenia reziva v autokláve je rezivo vysušené v prúde chladného vzduchu s teplotou asi 20°C alebo nižšou, kedy nadbytočný olej ďalej preniká do reziva. Tento záverečný krok má zaistiť, aby bolo zabránené pri neskoršom potení vytekanie oleja z impregnovaného.reziva.Upon completion of the autoclave treatment of the lumber, the lumber is dried in a stream of cold air at a temperature of about 20 ° C or less, with excess oil further penetrating into the lumber. This final step is to ensure that oil leakage from the impregnated timber is prevented in later sweating.
Príklad 2: Výsledok impregnácieExample 2: Impregnation result
Rezivo, ktoré má byť predmetom impregnácie, môže byť akéhokoľvek typu. Vo Švédsku je v súčasnosti trend využívanie bežných ihličnatých stromov, menovite smreku, jedle a borovice. Rezivo môže byť čerstvé alebo vysušené do určitého stupňa, t.j. obsahujúce rôzne množstvá vlhkosti.The lumber to be impregnated may be of any type. In Sweden there is currently a trend of using coniferous trees, namely spruce, fir and pine. The lumber may be fresh or dried to a certain degree, i. containing different amounts of moisture.
Doba trvania jednotlivých krokov postupu musí byť prispôsobená parametrom reziva (rozmery, obsah vlhkosti, typ dreva, jadrové a/alebo belové drevo) a požadovanému stupňu absorpcie. Stupeň absorpcie môže byť udaný v množstve ľanového oleja na meter kubický, alebo ako percento suchej hustoty reziva, ktorá je asi 450 kg/m3 a ďalej s ohladom na zamýšľané využitie impregnované reziva. Čím vyšší je dosiahnutý stupeň absorpcie, tým lepšia je dosiahnutá odolnosť reziva a znášanie tvrdších podmienok pri praktickom využití.The duration of the individual process steps must be adapted to the timber parameters (dimensions, moisture content, wood type, core and / or beech wood) and the required degree of absorption. The degree of absorption can be given in the amount of linseed oil per cubic meter, or as a percentage of dry lumber density, which is about 450 kg / m 3 and further with regard to the intended use of the impregnated lumber. The higher the degree of absorption is achieved, the better the durability of the lumber and the tolerability of the harder conditions in practical use.
V súvislosti s predkladaným vynálezom boli testované impregnácie rôznych typov reziva a tieto typy reziva a dosiahnuté stupne absorpcie sú uvedené v nasledujúcej tabulke.In the context of the present invention, impregnations of different types of lumber have been tested and these types of lumber and the degrees of absorption achieved are shown in the following table.
Rezivo impregnované na vysoké stupne absorpcie, t.j. do 100%, môže podľa prebiehajúcich testov počas dlhšej doby znášať celkom náročné podmienky, t.j. vonkajšie prostredie v zemi alebo v kontakte so zemou. Malo by byť zrejmé, že predkladaný vynález nie je ' obmedzený na vyššie uvedené špecifické vyhotovenia. V rámci tu opísaného predkladaného vynálezu bude skúseným odborníkom iste zrejmé, že pri konkrétnej realizácii jednotlivých konceptov a postupov tu opísaných môžu byť odvodené a uskutočnené isté úpravy a zmeny bez toho, aby došlo k odchýleniu sa od ducha a oblasti predkladaného vynálezu.Timber impregnated for high degrees of absorption, i. up to 100%, according to ongoing tests, over a longer period of time can withstand quite demanding conditions, i. the external environment in the ground or in contact with the ground. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that within the specific embodiments of the concepts and procedures described herein, certain modifications and changes may be made and made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9903622A SE516982C2 (en) | 1999-10-07 | 1999-10-07 | Process for linseed oil impregnation of cellulose-based products |
| PCT/SE2000/001863 WO2001024982A1 (en) | 1999-10-07 | 2000-09-26 | Method of impregnation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| SK4402002A3 true SK4402002A3 (en) | 2002-10-08 |
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| SK440-2002A SK4402002A3 (en) | 1999-10-07 | 2000-09-26 | Method of impregnation of cellulose-based products |
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| EP (1) | EP1237687B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003511258A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1158169C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE243096T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU754796C (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2386503A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ297778B6 (en) |
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| AU2003903242A0 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2003-07-10 | The University Of Melbourne | Process for the treatment of wood |
| NZ531217A (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2005-12-23 | Nz Forest Research Inst Ltd | Impregnation process |
| FR2927564B1 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2012-01-13 | Ct Valorisation Ind Agro Ressources | PROCESS FOR TREATING WOOD WITH AGENTS OF NATURAL ORIGIN |
| CN101239477B (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2012-05-23 | 侯梦斌 | Method recovering extraction substance during timber modifying course |
| CN105171888B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-10-10 | 浙江永裕竹业股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for recombinating bamboo profile |
| CN113246246B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-07-01 | 北京林业大学 | Small-diameter wood liquid phase drying-heat treatment method |
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| US3968276A (en) * | 1972-10-25 | 1976-07-06 | Diversified Wood Products, Inc. | Process for the preservation of wood |
| DK172239B1 (en) * | 1991-05-07 | 1998-02-02 | Ulrich Schirnig | Process for quality improvement, such as improved preservation, of wood blanks by impregnating them |
| HU9203611D0 (en) * | 1992-11-18 | 1993-04-28 | Pal Csecsei | Method for impregnating or simultaneous impregnating and drying of wood |
| US5652023A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1997-07-29 | Chemical Specialties, Inc. | Fixation process for heat-fixable preservative treated wood |
| DE19715664A1 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 1998-10-22 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Process for impregnating solids |
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1999
- 1999-10-07 SE SE9903622A patent/SE516982C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2000-09-26 CZ CZ20021109A patent/CZ297778B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-26 PL PL354288A patent/PL191345B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-26 CA CA002386503A patent/CA2386503A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-26 HU HU0204152A patent/HUP0204152A2/en unknown
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- 2000-09-26 MX MXPA02003442A patent/MXPA02003442A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-09-26 DK DK00970374T patent/DK1237687T3/en active
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| HUP0204152A2 (en) | 2003-03-28 |
| CN1377307A (en) | 2002-10-30 |
| NO20021635L (en) | 2002-06-05 |
| SE9903622L (en) | 2001-04-08 |
| AU754796B2 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
| DE60003460D1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
| CN1158169C (en) | 2004-07-21 |
| AU754796C (en) | 2003-06-26 |
| NO20021635D0 (en) | 2002-04-05 |
| WO2001024982A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 |
| JP2003511258A (en) | 2003-03-25 |
| EP1237687B1 (en) | 2003-06-18 |
| CZ297778B6 (en) | 2007-03-28 |
| DE60003460T2 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
| SE9903622D0 (en) | 1999-10-07 |
| CZ20021109A3 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
| ATE243096T1 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
| EE05058B1 (en) | 2008-08-15 |
| NO321255B1 (en) | 2006-04-10 |
| EP1237687A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
| SE516982C2 (en) | 2002-04-02 |
| DK1237687T3 (en) | 2003-08-25 |
| PL191345B1 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
| EE200200179A (en) | 2003-04-15 |
| PL354288A1 (en) | 2003-12-29 |
| NZ518171A (en) | 2003-09-26 |
| AU7976600A (en) | 2001-05-10 |
| CA2386503A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 |
| MXPA02003442A (en) | 2004-09-10 |
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