SK278343B6 - Stimulator for plants' taking root - Google Patents

Abstract

This solution is based on one compound at least having a phythohormone effect where vitamins are added in the concentration of 0,05 up to 1 weight percent, gel in the concentration of 0,001 up to 25 weight percent and tenside in the concentration of 0,001 to 15 weight percent,it contains one fungicide at least, with a bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect which is selected as one of the compounds containing 8-hydroxy-chinoline sulphate and N-trichlormethylthio-1,2,6, tetrahydroftalamide in the concentration of 0,001 up to 0,25 weight percent.

Description

Technical field

It is an object of the invention to provide a stimulator for the rooting of plant cuttings and rootstock graft growth.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Three basic methods can be used to prevent the development of fungal and bacterial diseases on cuttings when rooted in the substrate. Pre-stimulation, post-stimulation and stimulation. The first method is to treat the plant material and substrate before stimulating the plant cuttings. Ten weeks prior to harvesting the trimmings, the parent plants may be treated with a fungicidal composition, e.g. sprayed with 0.25% benomyl solution (Benlate). If the harvested plants are conditioned in cold, dark and humid conditions, they are usually soaked in 0.25% dichlorofuranide solution (Euparen) for this purpose. Wood chips are bundled and completely immersed in a 1% solution of oxine sulfate (Chinosol W) for 24 hours. Chemical (damozet) or physical (steam) disinfection of the substrate prior to propagation by the cuttings can also be included in this method of protection. The second method is to treat the plant material and the substrate after propagation with cuttings. The most common procedures are grouts or regular spraying of cuttings at propagators with fungicidal preparations, e.g. 0.05% Chinosol W or 0.02% Cryptonol or 0.2-0.5% captan (Orthocid 50). In the Netherlands, captan is almost exclusively an active ingredient as a fungicide, but only ferbam (Ferbam 50) is preferred for the treatment of some wood shavings. Ferbam spray is used at 0.25% concentration and captan spray at 0.3% solution concentration (cited by A. Bartels 1988). The third method is the different methods of treating cuttings in their own stimulation. Plant root stimulating stimulators are used in the form of powders, solutions, pastes or gels. In powders, the carrier is usually talc. A disadvantage of the pulverulent form of the stimulators is that there may be an uneven concentration of the substances that the carrier contains. The most commonly used fungicide in a blend with powdered stimulators is captan, which is mixed at a 1: 1 ratio. However, in this case it is necessary to use twice the concentration of growth hormones. Treatment with fungicides in this way makes sense only if the original temperature in the amounts does not exceed 20 ° C. At higher temperatures, the powder may have negative consequences. In solution, the carrier is usually 50% acetone or alcohol. The most widely used fungicide in combination with solutions is captan. The method of use is relatively complicated. The plant cuttings are first placed in the stimulator solution and, after stimulating and drying, they are immersed in a fungicide powder. Direct mixing of the solution with the fungicide is possible, but due to the aggressiveness of the carrier to the plant tissue, it can also be destructive or inhibitory. In pastes, the carrier is lanolin and the like. However, their use is laborious and the application of pastes is carried out only in cases where another type of carrier is not effective. Coating of cuttings with paste during reproduction may not be complete and reliable. The use of a fungicide in combination with a paste is not mentioned in the literature and, due to the low use of pastes as a carrier, is practically not practiced, although this combination would probably be advantageous. Previous conditioning of Chinosol W plant cuttings, as described in the methods of treating plant cuttings before stimulation, appears to be the simplest. In gels, the carrier is agar, starch or hydrogel. The gel stimulator makes it possible to create a physiologically natural flow and pass low concentrations of plant hormones and other substances with a synergistic effect (vitamins) from the stimulator to the mesh of cuttings. The fungicide-free gel stimulator acts at the optimum concentration of the active ingredients throughout the roots of the cuttings, adhering to the entire stimulated area without residues. The disadvantage of a fungicide-free goal stimulator is that in aggressive environments with a rich microbial life, a slow micro-organism contamination of the gel may occur, reducing its effect. Soaking in β-indolyl acetic acid solutions at a concentration of 100-200 mg / l for 24 hours is used to stimulate wound healing and rootstock grafting. Other auxinoids in solution, e.g. α-naphthyl acetic acid at a concentration of 1000 mg / l of solution. It can also be applied by coating the marginal portions of the cuttings with a lanolin paste containing 5-10 mg of β-in-dolyl acetic acid per 1 g of lanolin. Standard pastes are used to treat wounds during grafting. For example, Santar SM containing 1 wt. % captafol, or Valsa WAX containing 3 wt. thiophanate-mefylu. Graft waxes prepared from resins, waxes and fats (Jenten), which in some cases (Ribinol) contain a fungicide (e.g. 0.1% by weight of oxine sulphates), are also used. Ribinol, for example, is used specifically for grafting grape vines by soaking the grafted seedlings into submerged wax for one second. A disadvantage of these preparations and processes is that they are mostly applicable only to specific plant cultures and at the same time do not have the complex effect of plant hormones, vitamins and fungicide.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These drawbacks are largely eliminated by a plant rooting stimulator based on at least one phytohormone-active substance with an added vitamin content of from 0.05 to 1% by weight, a gel with a concentration of from 0.001 to 15% by weight, which is based on the invention. comprising at least one fungicide having a bacteriostatic to bactericidal action selected from the group consisting of 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate and N-trichloromethylthio-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide at a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.25 wt.

Preferably, the fungicide having a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect may be 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate at a concentration of from 0.01 to 0.15% by weight.

Preferably, the plant rooting stimulator at the indicated concentrations can be used in plant rooting, by wetting the cuttings before planting or spraying after planting.

Furthermore, it can be used as a callus-stimulating stimulant which facilitates the ingrowth of the graft with the rootstock and which improves the affinity between the graft and the rootstock for grafting.

The stimulator according to the invention can also be used repeatedly, as well as as a substrate for plant rooting and plant crop cultivation.

The advantage of using the stimulator according to the invention is that fungal and bacterial diseases are prevented and suppressed in open tissues

At the same time, it has a synergistic effect when rooting off cuttings or grows graft with rootstock by stimulating the formation of the plant's delicate tissues. Another advantage is the simultaneous action of plant hormones, vitamins and fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal action.

When using a goal root stimulator with a synergistic additive fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect according to the invention, in most cases the need for conditioning of the plant material (whether in the form of parent plants or self-cuttings) with fungicides prior to propagation itself is eliminated.

For some species of deciduous shrubs and trees whose trimmings are conditioned in the cold, dark and humid conditions in the early spring, the stimulation can preferably be performed by dipping the trimming base into the goal stimulator or by placing the trunk bundle in the low layer of the goal stimulator. In case of using a goal stimulator. If a goal stimulator is used as a separate substrate, it can then be used until complete consumption. In the case of re-use of the gel stimulator, it is preferable not to use it more than 2 times for one plant species, as the plants are quite sensitive to the intrinsic metabolism products and other intrinsic species derived from tissue defense reactions. The gel stimulator like most synthetic and all natural soils and substrates is subject to this kind of fatigue.

Chemical disinfection of conventional horticultural substrates prior to propagation is neither necessary nor suitable when using the plant rooting stimulator of the invention with a synergistic additive fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect, especially in greenhouses in the spring. In this case, if the substrate temperature when rooting the cuttings significantly exceeds 25 ° C, then the stimulator could also act phytotoxic in this combination, burn the plant tissue and slow down the formation of roots. In any case, physical disinfection of classical horticultural substrates prior to propagation can only increase the stimulatory effect of the stimulator.

It is further advantageous that further chemical treatment of the cuttings with fungicide after propagation in the propagatories using a root-promoting gel stimulator with a synergistic additive fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect is not suitable in combination with irrigation with water, but ventilation is necessary. If necessary, irrigation can only be limited to the aerial parts with low concentrations of fungicide. There is no need for the fungicide solution to flow to the base of the cuttings. The advantage of the gel rooting stimulator with the synergistic additive fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect compared to other types of plant crop stimulators is easy application and universal use (rooting stimulator, substrate with stimulating effects supporting the growth of grafting tissues).

In comparison with buffers, it is advantageous in the stimulator according to the invention that it is not necessary to increase the concentration of plant hormones when the fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal action is used simultaneously. On the contrary, an environment is created to facilitate their uptake by plant tissues. Even at higher temperatures, the fungicide gel stimulator with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect does not appear to be phytotoxic compared to the powder with sufficient watering and ventilation of the greenhouse spaces. Compared to solutions, a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect is present, which is in an optimum concentration in the goalpost of the mulcher all the time of rooting the cuttings. Moreover, it is not introduced into the plant tissues by an aggressive carrier, on the contrary, together with the gel it creates an environment for easy uptake and effect of other substances that are in the goal stimulator. Compared to pastes where their combination with a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect would appear equivalent (except for covering and adhesion of the pastes) to a goal stimulator with a synergistic additive fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect, the gel stimulator is easier to apply and able to replace pastes even in cases where they are used where powders and solutions are not effective.

The presence of a synergistic additive fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect in the goal stimulator allows it to create a semi-sterile environment in the cut wound and on the cuticle skin. As a result, it is not deformed even in an aggressive environment with a rich microbial life by the action of vitamins, but together with plant hormones it allows rapid formation of fine callus tissue with subsequent rapid growth of roots. The gel stimulator with a synergistic additive fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect creates on the cutting wound and skin an environment for active life, growth and rapid transmission of low concentrations of all active substances contained therein.

A gel stimulator with a synergistic additive fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect stimulates the active formation of xylem and partly also phloem in the process of graft graft graft grafting. It can be applied for this purpose in several ways. Either by one-time soaking of the graft-based cutting wounds, or if the rootstocks are in bundles, the apical part of the rootstocks can be stimulated 1-2 days prior to grafting. The grafting of the rootstock grafts should then not take place at temperatures above 30 ° C (greenhouses) so as not to burn the plant tissue. However, some sensitive species and varieties may cause excessive callus formation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The plant rooting stimulator with the synergistic fungicide with the bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect according to Example 1 can be used for all herbs, e.g. geraniums, as well as spring and summer propagation from unripened deciduous tree cuttings and to support the rooting of common conifers. The stimulator of Example 1 can be used to control plant fungal diseases on the base of plant cuttings as they are rooted. A further use of the stimulator according to example 1 is in the form of a separate substrate in the rooting and cultivation of plant trunks or as a stimulant promoting the growth of graft graft graft grafts.

Example 1

Active substances concentrations carrier agar 5 gď grows, hormones α-naphthylocic acid. 2.5 mg / l β-indolylmassic acid. 1.5 mgA β-indolylocic acid. 3 mg / l vitamins nicotinic acid 15 mg / l

SK 278343 Β6

Example 1 - continued

Active substances concentrations surfactant synergistic additive FBBU PH vitamin B complex 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate 23 mg / l 3 less 175 mg / l 5.8

(The active ingredients of the surfactant are: alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkylpolyglycol ether sulfonate, condensates of fatty acids with diethanolamine, sugar-glyceride.)

FBBU = fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention with a synergistic additive of fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect according to Example 2 can be used in spring and summer propagation from mature cuttings (Persica sibiriana), but also for other deciduous and evergreen deciduous trees and hardly seasoning conifers. The stimulator of Example 2 can be used to control plant fungal diseases at the base of plant trunks in their rooting. Another use of the stimulator of Example 2 is in the form of a separate substrate for rooting and cultivating said types and types of trimmings.

Example 2

Active substances concentrations Carrier grows, hormones vitamins agar α-naphthylocic acid. β-indolylmassic acid. β-indolylocic acid. nicotinic acid complex of B vitamins 5 g / l 10 mg / l 8 mg / l 10 mg / l 15 mg / l 23 mg / l surfactant synergistic additive FBBU PH 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate 3 ml / l 194 mg / L 5.8

(The active ingredients of the surfactant are: alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkylpolyglycol ether sulfonate, condensates of fatty acids with diethanolamine, sugar-glyceride.)

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention with the synergistic additive fugicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal action according to example 3 can be used for all herbs, e.g. geraniums, as well as for spring and summer reproduction of unripened deciduous woody cuttings and to support the rooting of common conifers. The stimulator of Example 3 can be used to control plant fungal diseases on the basis of plant trunks as they are rooted. A further use of the gel stimulator according to Example 3 is in the form of a stimulant to promote the ingrowth of graft graft grafts.

Example 3

Active substances concentrations Carrier grows, hormones agar α-naphthylacetic acid 5 g / l 2.5 mg / l

Example 3 - continued

Active substances concentrations 5 β-indolylmassic acid. 1.5 mg / l β-indolylocic acid. 3 mg / l vitamins nicotinic acid vitamin complex 15 mg / l 10 Group B 23 mg / l surfactant 3 ml / l synergistic N-trichlórmetyltio- 15 FBBÚ additive 1,2,3,6-tetrahydro- 195 mg / l PH 5.8

(The active ingredients of the surfactant are: alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfonate, condensates of fatty acids with diethanolamine, sugar-glyceride.)

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention with the synergistic additive of fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect according to example 4 can be used in spring and summer propagation from mature 25 cuttings (Persica sibiriana), but also for other deciduous and evergreen deciduous trees and hardly seasoning conifers. In these cases, it can also be used to control fungal diseases and prevent the development or suppression of bacterial plant diseases on the basis of plant trunks 30 as they are rooted.

Example 4

Active substances concentration carrier Tasil, hormones vitamins agar α-naphthylocic acid. β-indolylmassic acid. β-indolylocic acid. nicotinic acid complex of B vitamins 5GA 10 mg / l 8 mg / l 10 mg / l 15 mg / l 23 mg / l surfactant synergistic additive FBBU PH N-trichloromethylthio-1.2 to 3.6-tetrahydro- 3 ml / l 225 mg / l 5.8

(The active ingredients of the surfactant are: alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkylpolyglycol ether sulfonate, condensates of fatty acids with diethanolamine, sugar-glyceride.)

Tests of effectiveness

The efficacy test of Experiment 1 was carried out with the gel stimulator of Examples 1 and 2. The difference between the use of the gel stimulator of Examples 1 and 2 was not conclusive and therefore the results are reported uniformly. Experiment 1 was performed to determine the minimum concentration of the synergistic additive fugicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect in the stimulator in relation to inhibiting the development of bacterial and fungal contamination or their existence at all over time. All variants were placed under the same physical conditions in the absence of plant material. Chinosol W with the active ingredient 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate was used as a fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal activity. The experiment was repeated three times.

The experiment was carried out in open Petri dishes with a 1.5 cm layer of a goal stimulator with a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect. No differences were made between the species and the origin of the contamination.

Experiment 1

concentration FBBU in mg / l Day contamination 10 30 60 90 120 240 285 355 10 + 4 + 4 + 4 4 + 30 + + + + 4 + + 50 - + + 4 4 + + 4 70 - - - + 4 4 + + 90 110 150 200 - - - - - - - -

uncontaminated stimulator is labeled contaminated stimulator is labeled +

The concentrations of FBBU (Fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect) in the table refer to the concentration of the active substance.

The efficacy test of Experiment 2 was performed with the stimulator of Examples 3 and 4. The difference between the use of the stimulator of Examples 3 and 4 was not conclusive and therefore the results are reported uniformly. Experiment 2 was performed to determine the minimum concentration of the synergistic fungicide additive with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect in the stimulator in relation to inhibiting the development of bacterial and fungal contamination, or their existence at all over time. All variants were placed under the same physical conditions in the absence of plant material. Orthocid 50 with the active substance N-trichloromethylthio-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide was used as a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal action. The experiment was repeated three times.

The experiment was performed in open petri dishes with a 1.5 cm layer of a fugicide stimulator with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect. No differences were made between the species and the origin of the contamination.

Experiment 2

concentration FBBU in mg / l contamination after days 10 30 60 90 120 240 285 355 10 + 4 + 4 + + + + 30 + + + + + + + 4 50 + + + 4 + + + 4 70 - + 4 + 4 4 4 90 4 4 + 4 4 + 110 4 + + 4 4 150 - - - - 180 - - - 210 - - - - - 230 - - - - - -

uncontaminated stimulator is labeled 20 contaminated stimulator is labeled +

Concentrations of FBBU refer to the concentration of the active substance.

The efficacy test of Experiments 3, 4, 5 and 6 was performed to compare stimulators: 25 KSA + CH = Rooting Stimulator of Example 1 KSA + 0 = Rooting Stimulator of Example 3 KSB + CH = Rooting Stimulator of Example 2 KSB + 0 = rooting stimulator according to Example 4 Further, variants of the rooting stimulator 30 according to Examples 1 and 4 without synergistic additive of a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect, designated as KSA and KSB, were used. % of α-naphthylacetic (K-sol) 35 0.06 wt. on a talc support and a non-stimulated control labeled K.

For all four experiments in all variations, a uniform, classical propagation substrate was used consisting of two parts of fresh peat (finely preo40 sown), one part of river sand and one part of crushed expanded polystyrene. The substrate was thoroughly mixed. The thermal and light conditions were the same throughout the experiment. The experiments were repeated three times and in each variant on 45 hundred cuttings.

Experiment 3-6

Establishment time and duration of the experiment Rooting stimulator Used plant % of rooted cuttings % of active growing plants from rooted cuttings from 25. 7. 1991 gel KSA + CH Cham. 83.6 25 to September 25, 1991 KSA + O gel laws. 98.6 12 KSA gel ELW. Golda 79.0 45 3, attempt AS 1 K powder without stimulus. 75.6 63.3 15 18 from 3. 3. 1991 gel KSA + CH 93.3 100 to 10. 6. 1991 KSA + O gel persica 87.0 100 KSA gel Siberia. 86.0 100 4. pokus AS 1 K without stimulus. 12.6 100

SK 278343 Β6

Experiment 3 - 6 - continued

Establishment time and duration of the experiment Rooting stimulator Used plant % of rooted cuttings % of active growing plants from rooted cuttings from 2. 2. 1991 gel KSB + CH 96.6 98 to 1. 8. 1991 KSB + O gel Junip. 87.0 100 gel KSB chin. 81.6 100 5. pokus AS 1 K without stimulus. 83.6 78.3 94 100 from 5. 10. 1991 gel KSB + CH 65.3 97 DOLO. 3. 1992 KSB + O gel Cydonia 64.6 98 gel KSB oblonga 39.0 97 6. pokus AS 1 K without stimulus. 31.0 13.6 93 97

The efficacy test of Experiment 7 was conducted with the stimulator of Examples 1 and 2, using the stimulator as the substrate alone for rooting off the vegetative-propagated apple rootstock cuttings known in the fruit industry under the designation M26. The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention in Example 1 it was designated GPKSA + CH and the stimulator shown in Example 2 was designated GPKSB + CH. The experiment began on February 2, 1991, and the cuttings were cultured and stimulated in GPKSA and GPKSP until April 2, 1991. They were then transplanted into the same substrate and evaluated on September 5, 1991 for increments,% rooted from the original number of cuttings. In parallel to this experiment, the stimulators described in experiments 35-5, including control without stimulation, were applied to the apple branch on February 2, 1991, and the cuttings were punctured directly into the same substrate. Evaluation of the controls with the experiment was performed on September 5, 1991. In all variations of the experiment, the thermal and light conditions were the same. The experiment was repeated three times in 10 all variants on 100 cuttings.

Experiment 7

Time of cultivation in gel soil Method of root formation Cultivation time in a uniform substrate % rooted cuttings as of September 5, 1991 Avg. Apik. puck in cm 2.2.-2. 4. 1991 GPKSA + CH 2.4.-fifth 9. 1991 100 64 2.2.-04.02.1991 GPKSB + CH 2.4.-09.05 1991 100 43 - KSA + CH 2.2.-fifth 9. 1991 84 59 - KSA + O 2. 2.-5.9.1991 72 55 - KSB + CH 2.-5.9. 1991 93 41 - KSB + O 2. 2.-5. 9. 1991 81 46 - KSA 2.-5.9. 1991 65 48 - KSB 2.2.-09.05 1991 76 29 - AS 1 2. 2. - 5. 9. 1991 63 31 - K without stimulus. 2.2.-fifth 9.1991 27 33

The potency assay of Experiment 8 was performed with the plant rooting stimulator of Examples 1-4 described in Experiments 3-6 compared to the non-stimulation control. The stimulator according to the invention has been tested in this case as a stimulant promoting the growth of grafts and rootstocks. Experiment 8 started on 15.1. 1992 and evaluated on March 30, 1992. Rooted rods Ribes aureum were used as rootstock and currants of currant Rondom were used as grafts. The grafting was performed by coupling. The grafts were placed under the same physical conditions (cold 15 room) until the day of evaluation. The percentage of grafted grafts and the percentage of actively growing grafts were evaluated. The grafting was done by one human and the whole experiment was repeated three times in each experiment on 100 plants.

SK 278343 Β6

Attempt 8

- Beginning January 15, 1992

- evaluated March 30, 1992

- plant material:

- Gold rootstock

- red - red currant Rondom

Stimulator according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains as additive 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.15% by weight.

End of document

Type of stimulator % of grafted grafts % active graft growth of the grown KSA + CH 98 98 KSB + CH 93 32 KSA + O 91 79 KSB + O 81 58 KSA 95 96 KSB 87 35 K without stimulus. 95 57

Industrial usability

The plant rooting stimulator according to Examples 1 to 4 can be used as a plant rooting agent in two ways, either by dipping the plant base into the formulation by one-time stimulation or spraying conifer shavings after propagation and embedding into a dilute substrate and thoroughly homogenizing 100 ml of the formulation. - 5 liters of water.

The plant rooting stimulator of Examples 1 and 2 can be used as a substrate alone for rooting and cultivating plant trimmings, with the gel stimulator of Example 1 being characterized as a rooting substrate with optional longer-term cultivation of the plants grown from the trimmings and the stimulator of Example 2 characterized as a substrate for the induction of rooting of the plants grown from the cuttings, or possibly for a longer-term cultivation of the cuttings of selected plant species that are difficult to take root. In other plants, this stimulator could cause subsequent growth inhibition after prolonged cultivation. The stimulator of Example 1 can advantageously be used as a stimulant to promote the ingrowth of the rootstock grafts and to improve the affinity between the rootstock and the rootstock. It is possible to condition the apical part of the rootstock before grafting, as well as the basal part of the grafts. It is also possible to apply it for own grafting.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS A plant rooting stimulator based on at least one phytohormone-containing substance with a vitamin content of from 0.05 to 1% by weight, a gel with a concentration of from 0.001 to 25% by weight. and a surfactant with a concentration of from 0.001 to 15% by weight, characterized in that it contains as an additive at least one fungicide having a bacteriostatic to bactericidal action selected from the group consisting of 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate and N-trichloromethylthio-1,2,3, 6-Tetrahydrophthalimide at a concentration of 0.001 to 0.25% by weight.