CZ279813B6 - Stimulator for striking roots of plants - Google Patents

Abstract

A gel stimulator with a synergistic additive of a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal action, wherein 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate or N-trichloromethylthio-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide is used as a synergistic additive and further comprises at least one plant hormone effect synergistic with surfactant, vitamins and gel. Its use is to promote rooting and subsequent growth of plant cuttings as a stimulant to promote the adhesion of grafts to rootstocks during grafting and as a substrate for rooting and cultivation of plant cuttings.

Description

Stimulator for plant rooting

The field of technology is

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a plant rooting stimulator supporting plant rooting and rootstock grafting.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Three basic methods can be used to prevent the development of fungal and bacterial diseases on the basis of cuttings when rooting in the substrate. Before, after and during stimulation. The first method is to treat plant material and substrate before stimulating plant cuttings. 10 weeks prior to harvesting the cuttings, the mother plants can be treated with a fungicidal preparation, for example sprayed with a 0.25% Benomyl solution (Benlate). If the cuttings are conditioned in cold, dark and humid conditions, they are usually soaked in 0.25% dichlorfluanide (Euparen) for this purpose. The wood pulp is bundled and completely immersed in a 1% oxine sulfate solution (Chinosol W) for 24 hours. This method of protection can also include chemical (dazomet) or physical (steam) disinfection of the substrate before the cutting itself. The second method is treatment of plant material and substrate after cutting. The most common techniques are watering or regular spraying of cuttings on propagating plants with fungicidal agents, for example 0.05% Chinosol W or 0.02% Cryptonol or 0.2-0.5% captan (Orthocid 50). In the Netherlands, the active ingredient captan is almost exclusively recommended as a fungicide; only ferbam (Ferbam 50) is preferred for the treatment of some woody cuttings. Ferbam spray is used at 0.25% concentration and captan spray is used at 0.3% solution concentration (cited by A. Bartels 1988). The third method is different methods of treating cuttings in their own stimulation. Plant rooting stimulating stimulators are used in the form of powders, solutions, pastes or gel. For powders, it is usually a talc carrier. A disadvantage of the powdered form of the stimulator is the possible uneven concentration of the substances contained in the carrier. The most widely used fungicide mixed with powder stimulators is captan, which is mixed 1: 1. In this case, however, it is necessary to use twice the concentration of growth hormones. Treatment with fungicides in this way makes sense only if the soil temperature in the plant does not exceed 20 ° C. At higher temperatures, the powder may have negative consequences. In solution, the carrier is usually 50% acetone or alcohol. The most widely used fungicide in combination with solutions is captan. The method of use is quite complicated. The plant pulp is first placed in the stimulator solution and, after stimulating and drying, immersed in the fungicide powder. Direct mixing of the solution with the fungicide is possible, but due to the aggressiveness of the carrier to the plant tissue, it can also be destructive or inhibitory. In pastes, the carrier is lanolin and similar masses. However, their use is laborious and the application of the pastes is carried out only in cases where another type of carrier is not effective. Coating of cuttings with paste during cuttings may not be complete and reliable. The use of a fungicide in combination with a paste is not reported in the literature and, due to the low use of pastes as a carrier, is practically not practiced, although this combination would probably be advantageous. The previous condition of the plant cuttings with Chinosol W, as described in the methods of treating the plant cuttings before stimulation, appears to be the simplest. For the gel, the carrier is agar,

Starch or hydrogel. The gel stimulator allows the creation of a physiologically natural flow and the transfer of low concentrations of plant hormones and other substances with a synergistic effect (vitamins) from the stimulator to the tissues of cuttings. The fungicide-free gel stimulator acts at the optimum concentration of the active ingredients throughout the rooting of the cuttings, adhering to the entire stimulated area completely. A disadvantage of a fungicide-free gel stimulator is that in aggressive environments with a rich microbial life, slow contamination of the gel with microorganisms may occur, reducing its effect. Soaking in β-Indolyl acetic acid solution at a concentration of 100 to 200 mg / l for 24 hours is used to stimulate wound healing and graft-root grafting. Other auxinoids in solution, such as α-Naphthyl acetic acid at a concentration of 1,000 mg / l of solution, are also used. Application is also possible by coating the marginal sections of the sections with lanolin paste containing 5 to 10 mg of β-Indolyl acetic acid per 1 g of lanolin. Standard pastes are used to treat wounds during grafting. For example, Santar SM containing 1% by weight, captafol, or Valsa WAX containing 3% by weight, thiophanate-methyl. In addition, grafting waxes prepared from resins, waxes and fats (Jenten) are used, which in some cases (Ribinol) contain a fungicide (for example 0.1% by weight, oxine sulphates). Ribinol, for example, is used specifically for grafting grapevines so that the grafted sausages are immersed in the heated wax for one second. A disadvantage of the above preparations and processes is that they are mostly applicable only to particular plant cultures and at the same time do not have the complex effect of plant hormones, vitamins and fungicide.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These deficiencies are largely eliminated by a plant rooting stimulator based on at least one phytohormone-containing substance with an addition of vitamins at a concentration of 0.05 to 1% by weight, a gel at a concentration of 0.001 to 25% by weight, and a surfactant at a concentration of 0.001 to 15% by weight. according to the invention, comprising at least one fungicide having a bacteriostatic to bactericidal action selected from the group consisting of 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate and N-trichloromethylthio-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-phthalamide as an additive in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.001 0.25% w / w

Preferably, the fungicide having bacteriostatic to bactericidal activity as an additive may be 8-hydroxy-quinoline sulfate in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.15% by weight.

The plant rooting stimulator at the indicated concentrations can advantageously be used for plant rooting by wetting the base of the cuttings before planting or spraying after planting.

Furthermore, it can be used as a callus stimulating agent, facilitating the graft-to-root graft adhesion and improving the affinity between the graft and rootstock for grafting.

The stimulator according to the invention can be used repeatedly also as a substrate itself for rooting and cultivating plant cuttings.

-2GB 279813 B6

The advantage of using the stimulator according to the invention is that fungal and bacterial diseases are prevented and suppressed in the open tissues of the plants and at the same time a synergistic effect in the rooting of cuttings or graft growth with the rootstock is stimulated by the formation of the weird plant tissues. Another advantage is the simultaneous effect of plant hormones, vitamins and fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect.

When using a gel spice stimulator with a synergistic additive of a fungicide having a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect according to the invention, in most cases the need for conditioning the plant material (whether in the form of mother plants or own cuttings) with fungicides before the cuttings itself is eliminated.

For some species of deciduous shrubs and trees whose cuttings are conditioned in cold, dark and humid conditions in the early spring, it is advantageous to perform stimulation by soaking the cuttings bases in the gel stimulator or by placing the cuttings bundles in the low layer of the gel stimulator. If the gel stimulator is used as the substrate itself, it is possible to use it until complete consumption. In the case of repeated use of the gel stimulator, it is preferable not to use it more than 2 times for one plant species, as the plants are generally sensitive to the intrinsic metabolic products and other intrinsic species derived from the tissue defense reactions. Gel stimulator like most synthetic and all natural soils and substrates are subject to this kind of fatigue.

Chemical disinfection of classical horticultural substrates prior to cutting is neither necessary nor suitable when using a plant rooting stimulator according to the invention with a synergistic additive of a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect, especially in greenhouses in spring. In this case, if the substrate temperature when rooting cuttings significantly exceeds 25 CC, then the stimulator in this combination could also act phytotoxic, burn plant tissues and slow down the formation of roots. The physical disinfection of classical horticultural substrates prior to cutting can in all cases only increase the stimulating effect of the stimulator.

Furthermore, it is an advantage that further chemical treatment of the cuttings fungicide after cuttings in multiples, using a gel spice stimulator with a synergistic fungicide additive having a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect, is not necessary with a suitable combination of water misting and ventilation. If necessary, it can be limited to fogging of the aerial parts with weak concentrations of fungicide. It is no longer necessary for the fungicide solution to flow to the base of the cuttings, the advantage of comparing the gel seasoning stimulator with the synergistic additive of the fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal action with all other types of plant cutters is its simple application and universal use (seasoning stimulator, substrate, stimulating effects) promoting tissue ingrowth during grafting).

Compared to the powders, the stimulator according to the invention has the advantage that it is not necessary to increase the concentration of plant hormones while using a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect, but to create an environment for their easier uptake by plant tissues. Even at higher temperatures, the fungicide gel stimulator with bacteriostatic to bactericide-3CZ 279813 B6 does not have a phytotoxic effect compared to powder and with sufficient watering and ventilation of greenhouse spaces. Compared to solutions, a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect in the gel stimulator is present at an optimal concentration throughout the rooting of the cuttings. Moreover, it is not introduced into the plant tissues by an aggressive carrier, on the contrary, together with the gel it creates an environment for easy uptake and effect of other substances contained in the gel stimulator. Compared to pastes where their combination with a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect would appear to be equivalent (except for covering and adhesion of the pastes) to a gel stimulator with a synergistic additive of a bacteriostatic to bactericidal fungicide, the gel stimulator is easier to apply. replace pastes even when used where powders and solutions are not effective.

The presence of a synergistic additive of a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect in the gel stimulator allows it to induce a semi-sterile environment in the cut wound and on the cuticle skin. As a result, even in an aggressive environment with a rich microbial life, the regenerative effects of vitamins, which, together with plant hormones, induce a rapid formation of fine callus tissue with subsequent rapid growth of roots, are not distorted. The gel stimulator with a synergistic additive of fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect thus creates on the cutting wound and skin an environment for active life, growth and easy transfer of low concentrations of all active substances contained therein.

The gel stimulator with a synergistic addition of fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect stimulates the active formation of xylem and partly also of phloem in the process of graft-graft grafting. It can be applied for this purpose in several ways. It is possible to stimulate the apical parts of the rootstocks 1 to 2 days before grafting by either soaking the graft-based cut wounds or if the rootstocks are in bundles. The grafting of the rootstock to the rootstock should then not take place at temperatures above 30 ° C (greenhouses), in order not to burn the plant tissues of some sensitive species and varieties, however, excessive callus formation may occur.

Examples

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention with the synergistic additive fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal action according to example 1 can be used for all herbs, for example geraniums, spring and summer cuttings from immature deciduous tree cuttings and to support rooting of common conifers. The stimulator of Example 1 can be used to combat plant fungal diseases on the basis of plant cuttings when rooted. A further use of the stimulator of Example 1 is as a separate substrate in the rooting and cultivation of cuttings of plants or as a stimulant promoting the ingrowth of the graft with the rootstock in the grafting.

-4GB 279813 B6

Example 1

Active substance Concentration Carrier agar 5 g / i grew. hormones α-naphthylacetic acid 2.5 mg / l β-indolylbutyric acid 1.5 mg / l B-indolylacetic acid 3 mg / l vitamins nicotinic acid 15 Dec mg / l complex of B vitamins 23 mg / l surfactant 3 ml / l synergistic additive FBBU .8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate 175 mg / l pH 5.8

(The active ingredients of the surfactant are: Alkyl benzene sulfonate, Alkyl polyglycol ether sulfonate, condensates of fatty acids with diethanolamine, sugar-glyceride.)

FBBU = fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention with a synergistic fungicide additive having a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect according to example 2 can be used in spring and summer cuttings from mature cuttings (Persica sibiriana), but also for other deciduous and evergreen deciduous trees and hardly seasoning conifers. The stimulator of Example 2 can be used to combat plant fungal diseases on the basis of plant cuttings when rooted. Another use of the stimulator of Example 2 is as a separate substrate in rooting and cultivating the above-mentioned types and types of cuttings.

Example 2

Active substance Concentration Carrier agar 5 g / l grew. hormones α-naphthylacetic acid 10 mg / l B-indolylbutyric acid 8 mg / l β-indolylacetic acid 10 mg / l vitamins nicotinic acid 15 mg / l complex of B vitamins 23 mg / l surfactant 3 ml / l synergic FBBÚ additive 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate 194 mg / L pH 5.8

(The active ingredients of the surfactant are: Alkyl benzene sulfonate, Alkyl polyglycol ether sulfonate, condensates of fatty acids with diethanolamine, sugar-glyceride).

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention is synergistic. The fungicide additive having a bacteriostatic to bacteriidal effect according to Example 3 can be used for all herbs, such as geraniums, as well as for spring and summer cuttings from unripe cuttings of deciduous trees and to support the rooting of conventional conifers. The stimulator of Example 3 can be used to combat plant fungal diseases on the basis of plant cuttings when rooted. A further use of the stimulator of Example 3 is as a stimulant to promote the ingrowth of the graft with the rootstock during the grafting.

Example 3

Active substance Concentration carrier agar 5 g / i grew. hormones α-naphthylacetic acid 2.5 mg / l β-indolylbutyric acid 1.5 mg / l β-indolylacetic acid 3 mg / l vitamins nicotinic acid 15 Dec mg / l complex of B vitamins 23 mg / l surfactant 3 ml / l synergic N-trichloromethylthio- FBBÚ additive 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalamide 195 mg / l pH 5.8

(The active ingredients of the surfactant are: Alkyl benzene sulfonate, Alkyl polyglycol ether sulfonate, condensates of fatty acids with diethanolamine, sugar-glyceride.)

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention with a synergistic addition of a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bacteriidal effect according to example 4 can be used in spring and summer cuttings from mature cuttings (Persica sibiriana), but also for other deciduous and evergreen deciduous trees and hardly seasoning conifers. In these cases, it can also be used to combat fungal diseases and to prevent the development or eradication of bacterial plant diseases on the basis of plant cuttings as they are rooted.

-6GB 279813 B6

Example 4

Active substance Concentration carrier agar 5 g / l grew. hormones α-naphthylacetic acid 10 mg / l B-indolylbutyric acid 8 mg / l B-indolylacetic acid 10 mg / l vitamins nicotinic acid 15 mg / l complex of B vitamins 23 mg / l surfactant 3 ml / l synergic N-trichloromethylthio- FBBÚ additive 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide 225 mg / L PH 5.8

(The active ingredients of the surfactant are: Alkyl benzene sulfonate, Alkyl polyglycol ether sulfonate, condensates of fatty acids with diethanolamine, sugar-glyceride.)

Efficacy tests.

The efficacy test of Experiment 1 was performed with the stimulator of Examples 1 and 2. The difference between the use of the stimulator of Examples 1 and 2 was not conclusive and therefore the results are presented uniformly. Experiment 1 was performed to determine the minimum concentration of the synergistic additive fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect in the stimulator in relation to inhibiting the development of bacterial and fungal contaminations or their existence at all over time. All variants were placed under the same physical conditions in the absence of plant material. Chinosol W with the active ingredient 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate was used as a fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect. The experiment was performed in three replicates.

The experiment was carried out in open petri dishes with a 1.5 cm layer of a fungicide gel stimulator with bacteriostatic to bactericidal action. Due to the purpose of establishing the experiment, no differences were made between the type and origin of the contamination.

Concentration of FBBÚ in mg / l 10 30 Days of contamination 60 90 120 240 285 355 10 + + + + + + + + 30 + + + + + + + + 50 + + + + + + 4- 70 - - - + + + + + 90 - - - - - - - - 110 - - - - - - - - 150 - - - - - - - - 200 - - - - - - -

-7EN 279813 B6

Uncontaminated stimulator labeled Contaminated stimulator labeled + Concentrations of FBBU (fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect) in the table refer to the concentration of the active substance.

The efficacy test of Experiment 2 was performed with the stimulator of Examples 3 and 4. The difference between using the stimulator of Examples 3 and 4 was not conclusive and therefore the results are reported uniformly. Experiment 2 was performed to determine the minimum concentration of the synergistic additive fungicide with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect in the stimulator in relation to inhibiting the development of bacterial and fungal contaminations or their existence at all over time. All variants were placed under the same physical conditions in the absence of plant material. As fungicide with bacteriostatic to bactericidal activity, Orthocid 50 with the active substance N - trichloromethylthio - 1, 2, 3, 6 - tetrahydrophthalimide was used. The experiment was performed in three replicates.

The experiment was performed in open petri dishes with a 1.5 cm layer of a fungicide stimulator with a bacteriostatic to bactericidal effect. Due to the purpose of establishing the experiment, no differences were made between the type and origin of the contamination.

Experiment 2

Concentration of FBBÚ in mg / l 10 30 Contamination 60 90 120 after days 240 285 355 10 + + + + + + + + 30 + + + + + + + 50 + + + + + + + + 70 - - + + + + + + 90 - + + + + + + 110 - - - + + + + + 150 - - - - - - - 180 - - - - - - - - 210 - - - - - - - - 230

Uncontaminated stimulator labeled Contaminated stimulator labeled +

Concentrations of FBBU relate to the concentration of the active substance.

The efficacy test according to Experiments 3, 4,5 and 6 was performed with respect to the possibility of comparison between the following stimulators:

KSA + CH = seasoning KSA +0 = seasoning KSB + CH = seasoning

KSB +0 = seasoning stimulator according to example 1 stimulator according to example 3 stimulator according to example 2 stimulator according to example 4 In addition, variants of the seasoning stimulator according to example a 4 without synergistic additive fungicide with bacteriostatic to

-8GB 279813 B6 with a bactericidal action designated KSA and KSB, an AS 1 powder seasoning stimulator comprising: nicotinic acid 0.06% by weight, α-naphthylacetic acid (K-salt) 0.06% by weight. with a talc carrier and a non-stimulated control designated K.

For all four experiments in all their variants, a uniform, classical propagation substrate was used consisting of two parts of fresh peat (finely sieved), one part of river sand and one part of crushed polystyrene foam. The substrate was thoroughly mixed. The thermal and light conditions were the same throughout the experiment. The experiments were carried out in three replicates and in all their variants always one hundred cuttings.

Experiment 3-6

Time to start, and duration of experiment Stimulator for plant rooting Used plant % zakoř. cuttings % actively increasing. of plants under bark. cuttings from 25.7.1991 gel KSA + CH Chám. 83.6 25 to 25.9.1991 KSA + 0 gel laws. 98.6 12 gel KSA Elw.Gold 79.0 45 3. try AS 1 powder 75.6 15 Dec K without stimulus 63.3 18 from 3.3.1991 gel. KSA + CH 93.3 100 ALIGN! to 10.6.1991 gel. KSA + 0 Persica 87.0 100 ALIGN! gel. KSA sibir. 86.0 100 ALIGN! 4. try AS 1 12.6 100 ALIGN! K without stimulus from 2.2.1991 gel KSB + Ch 96.6 98 to 1.8.1991 gel KSB + 0 Junip. 87.0 100 ALIGN! gel KSB chin. 81.6 100 ALIGN! 5. try AS 1 83.6 94 K without stimulus 78.3 100 ALIGN! from 5.10.1991 gel KSB + Ch 65.3 97 to 10.3.1992 gel KSB + 0 Cydonia 64.6 98 gel KSB oblonga 39.0 97 6. try AS 1 31.0 93 K without stimulus 13.6 97

The potency test of Experiment 7 was performed with the plant rooting stimulator of the invention and the examples

The plant stimulator for plant rooting according to the invention in the form of the substrate of Example 1 has been designated as GPKSA + by using the stimulator as the substrate itself for rooting cuttings of vegetatively propagated apple rootstocks known in fruit growing under the type designation M26. CH according to Example 2 was designated GPKSB + Ch. The experiment was established on February 2, 1991 and cuttings were cultivated and stimulated in GPKSA and GPKSP by April 2, 1991. They were then transplanted to a uniform substrate and evaluated on September 5, 1991 for increments,% rooted from the original number of cuttings. In parallel to this experiment, stimulators already described in Experiments 3-6, including control without stimulation, were applied to the apple rootstock on February 2, 1991, and cuttings were injected directly into a uniform substrate. The evaluation of the experiments with the experiment took place on September 5, 1991. In all variants of the experiment the thermal and light conditions were the same. The experiment was performed in three replicates and in all its variants, each of 100 cuttings.

Attempt 7

Cultivation time in gel soil Method of creating roots Cultivation time in a uniform substrate % zakoř. cuttings to 5.9.91 Avg. nat. apikál. bud in cm 2.2.-2.4.1991 GPKSA + CH 2.4. to 5.9.1991 100 ALIGN! 64 2.2.-2.4.1991 GPKSB + Ch 2.4. to 5.9.1991 100 ALIGN! 43 KSA + Ch 2.2. to 5.9.1991 84 59 - KSA + O 2.2. to 5.9.1991 72 55 - KSB + CH 2.2. to 5.9.1991 93 41 - KSB + O 2.2. to 5.9.1991 81 46 - KSA 2.2. to 5.9.1991 . 65 48 - KSB 2.2. to 5.9.1991 76 29 - AS 1 2.2. to 5.9.1991 63 31 K without stimulus. 2.2. to 5.9.1991 27 Mar: 33

The efficacy test of Experiment 8 was performed with the plant rooting stimulator of Examples 1 to 4 described in Experiments 3 to 6 as compared to the control without stimulation. In this case, the stimulator according to the invention has been tested as a stimulant promoting the adhesion of grafts and rootstocks. Experiment 8 was established on 15 January 1992 and evaluated on 30 March 1992. Rooted rods Ribes aureum were used as rootstocks and Rondom currant variety was used as grafts. The grafting was performed by coupling. The grafts were stored under the same physical conditions (cold room) until the day of evaluation. Percentage of grafted grafts and percentage of actively growing grafts were evaluated. The grafting was performed by one human and the whole experiment was set up in three replicates of 100 plants each.

-10GB 279813 B6

Attempt 8

- established on 15 January 1992, evaluated on 30 March 1992.

- plant material - rootstock - Golden Meruzal

- red currant Rondom

The type of fused graft stimulator% was actively growing, of graft grafted grafts

KSA + CH

KSB + CH

KSA + O

KSB + O

KSA

KSB

K without stimulus.

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention and according to Examples 1 to 4 can be used as a plant rooting device in two ways, either by dipping the plant base into the formulation by one-time stimulation or spraying the plant conifer cuttings after slicing and seeded with dilution and thorough homogenization. up to 5 liters of water with 100 ml of product.

The plant rooting stimulator according to the invention and Examples 1 and 2 can be used as a substrate alone for rooting and cultivating plant cuttings, with the stimulator of Example 1 being characterized as a rooting substrate and the possible longer-term cultivation of cuttings and the stimulator of Example 2 can be characterized as substrate for rooting induction in schizophrenia, eventually long-term cultivation of cuttings of selected plant species difficult to take root. In other plants, this stimulator could cause subsequent growth insertion after prolonged cultivation. The stimulator of Example 1 can advantageously be used as a stimulant to promote the ingrowth of graft with rootstock and to improve the affinity between the graft and rootstock. It is possible to condition the apical portion of the rootstock before grafting, as well as the basal portion of the graft. It is also possible to apply it to the grafting itself.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS A plant rooting stimulator based on at least one phytohormone-containing substance with an addition of vitamins in a concentration of 0.05 to 1% by weight, a gel in a concentration of 0.001 to 25% by weight, and a surfactant in a concentration of 0.001 to 15% by weight, characterized The composition of claim 1, wherein the additive comprises at least one fungicide having a bacteriostatic to bactericidal action selected from the group consisting of 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate and N-trichloromethylthio-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide at a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.25% by weight. Stimulator according to Claim 1, characterized in that it contains as additive 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.15% by weight.