SK21893A3 - Detergent composition containing anionic surfactants, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and magnezium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a detergent composition comprising one or more anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactants; one or more polyhydroxy fatty acid amides having formula (I) wherein R<1> is H, a C1-C4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl, or mixtures thereof, R<2> is a C5-C31 hydrocarbyl, and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyl groups directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof; and magnesium in a molar amount corresponding to 0.1X-2.0X, wherein X is the number of moles of anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactant present in said composition. The present invention also provides for a method for cleaning soiled dishes by treating said dishes with the detergent compositions disclosed herein.

Description

Area, techniques

The invention relates to cleaning compositions comprising one or more anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactants, one or more polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and magnesium. In particular, the invention relates to cleaning compositions having desirable cleansing and foaming characteristics, being mild to skin and particularly suitable for washing dishes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The use of anionic sulfated or sulfonated surfactants in detergent compositions is known. However, it is desirable to incorporate such surfactants into detergent compositions which will have improved cleaning and foaming characteristics.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that detergent compositions comprising: one or more anionic sulfated or sulfonated cleaning surfactants, one or more polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and magnesium exhibit suds and purification characteristics that are unexpectedly higher than those of anionic sulfated or sulfonated surfactants themselves.

In addition to this favorable behavior, such compositions exhibit milder skin effects, improved rinsability, are not slippery to the touch, and are easier to formulate for a reduced need for additives such as solvents and hydrotropic agents compared to anionic sulphated or sulphonated surfactant.

The use of anionic sulfate and sulfonate surfactants in detergent compositions is known per se. U.S. Pat

435317 (Gerritson et al.,

March 6th

1984) discloses liquid cleaning compositions which contain sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate and alkyl benzene sulfonate as surfactants. British patent application no

809060 (Hedley &

What. Ltd.), published February 18, 1959, discloses detergent compositions containing sulfate or sulfonate as a surfactant with a particular polyhydroxy fatty acid amide.

The polyhydroxy fatty acid amide contained in the composition of the invention is also known per se, as well as its numerous uses.

N-acyl. N-methylglucamides, for example, have been described by J.V. Hoodby,

M. ft. Marcus, E. Chin and P. L. Finn in The Thermotropic Liquid-Crystal Properties of Some Straight Chain Carbohydrate Amphiphiles ”, Liguid Crystals, 1988, Volume 3, Number 11, p. 1569 to 1581 and A. Muller-Fahrnow, V. Zabel, M. Steif, and R. Hilgenfeld in Molecular and Crystal Structure and Nonionic Del ergent: Nonanoyl-N-methylglucamide "(Molecular and Crystal Structure of Nonionic Detergents: Nonanoy1- N-methylglucamide), J.

Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1986, p. 1573 až

1574. Use

Recently, N-alkyl polyhydroxyamide surfactants have paid great attention to the use of biochemical agents, for example in the dissociation of biological membranes (e.g., a magazine article;

J.

E.

K.

Hildreth

N-D-Gluco-N-mety1 a1kaňamide

Compounds

Nev

CJass of

Non-Ionic

Detergents

for

membrane

Biochemistry

N-D-Gluco-N-methylalkanamide compounds, a new class of ionic detergent for membrane biochemistry, Biochem. J.

1982, Vol. 207, p. 363 to 366.

The use of N-alkyl glucamides in detergent compositions is also described. U.S. Pat. No. 2,965,576 (E. R. Vilson, Dec. 20, 1960) and British Patent Application No. 809060. disclose cleaning compositions comprising anionic surfactants and certain amide surfactants, which may contain N-methylglucamide added as a low temperature suds booster. These compounds contain a straight chain N-acyl group of 10 to 14 carbon atoms. These compositions may also contain adjuvants such as alkali metal phosphates, alkali metal silicates, sulfates and carbonates. It is also generally stated that the compositions may contain additional ingredients to impart desirable properties of the composition, such as

Fluorescent dyes, bleaching agents and perfumes.

U.S. Patent No. 2,703798 (March 8, 1955); M. Schvartz) relates to aqueous cleaning compositions comprising the condensation reaction product of N-alkylglucamine and an aliphatic fatty acid ester. The product of this reaction is said to be usable in aqueous cleaning compositions without further purification. It is also known to prepare an acylated glucamine sulfuric acid ester as described

A. Schwartz in U.S. Patent 2,717,894.

International Patent Application September 1955) PCT VO

83/04412, published

December 22, 1983 (J. Hildreth) relates to polyhydroxyaliphatic groups, useful for a variety of purposes.

including use as surfactants in cosmetics, in pharmaceutical compositions in shampoos, lotions, eye ointments, as emulsifiers and release agents for drugs, and in biochemistry for solubilizing membranes, whole cells or other tissue samples, and for preparing liposomes. Included are compounds of the general formula R'CNN (R) CH2R '' and R'C0N (R) R 'where R is hydrogen or an organic group. R 'aliphatic hydrocarbon scurine with at least 3 carbon atoms with R' * aldose residue.

European Patent Application 0 285768, published 12 May.

October 1988 (H. Kekkenberg et al.) relates to the use of N-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides as thickeners in aqueous cleaning systems. Included are amides of the formula R 1 C (O) N (X) R 2, wherein R 1 is C 1 -C 17 alkyl (preferably C 7 -C 17), R 2 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl. (C až-C 6)) or alkylene oxide and X is a Chyd 7-Chyd poly polyhydroxyalkyl group, for example, coconut oil N-methylglucamide.

Amide thickening properties have been reported to be particularly useful in liquid surfactant systems containing paraffin sulfonates, although aqueous surfactant systems may contain other anionic surfactants such as alkylarylsulfonates, olefin sulfonates, sulfosuccinic acids, and poly / fatty acid ether sulfonates nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, alkylphenol polyglycol ether, polyglycol fatty acid ester, polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide blend polymers. Exemplary shampoo compositions based on the paraffin sulfonate / N-methyl coconut fatty acid / nonionic surfactant system are disclosed. In addition to the thickening action, it is reported that the fatty acid N-polyhydroxyalkylamides contribute to better skin tolerance of the composition.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,985,737 C2. May 1961) (Boettner et al.) relates to urea-containing detergent bars, sodium lauryl sulphate nonionic surfactant, and N-alkylglucamide nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of:

N-methyl. N-sorbityl lauramide; and N-methyl, N-sorbityl myristamide.

Other glucamide surfactants are disclosed, for example, in DT

Number 2

226872 (H.

V. Eckert published on 20.

December

1973), which relates to detergents containing one or more surfactants and builder salts selected from the group consisting of polymeric phosphates, sequestering agents, laundry alkali, improved by the addition of N-acylpolyhydroxyalkylamine of the formula

Where R 1 is C 1 -C 3 alkyl, R 2 is C 10 -C 22 alkyl, and n 3 or 4. N-acyl polyhydroxyalkylamine is added as a soil suspending agent.

U.S. Patent 3,654,166 to H-V. Eckert et al.

Apr. 4, 1972) discloses cleaning compositions comprising at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic, zwitterionic and nonionic surfactants as a textile gelling agent N-acyl, N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkyl compound of the formula R 1 (Z) CCO 2 R 2, wherein R 1 is C 10 -C 22 alkyl, R 2 is C 7 -C 21 alkyl, and R 1 and R 2 contain a total of 23 to 39 carbon atoms and Z is a polyhydroxyalkyl group which may be of the formula -CH 2 (CHOH / Cl 2 OH, where m is 3 or 4.

U.S. Patent No. 4,021,139 to H. Moller et al.

May 1977 S relates to cosmetic care products containing N-polyhydroxyalkylamines which include compounds of the general formula R 1 NCR 1 Cl (CHOH) _m R 2. wherein R 1 is R 6

i. a lower alkyl group, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxyl group;

or an aminoalkyl group as well as a heterocyclic aminoalkyl group, R has the same meaning as R 1, but cannot denote a hydrogen atom, and R 2 is CH 2 OH or COOH.

French Patent Specification No. 1 360018 (26.

(Commercial Solvent Corporation) refers to formaldehyde solutions.

stabilized against polymerization by the addition of amides of the formula RC (O) N (R ¹ ) G, wherein R is a carboxylic acid group of at least 7 carbon atoms and G is a glycitol group of at least 5 carbon atoms.

German Patent No. 1

261861 by A. Heins.

February 29th

1968) relates to glucamide derivatives useful as ziracad 1 and where

R1 sugar residue glucamine, R1 alkyl of 10 to 20 carbon atoms and R2 acyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

British patent specification no

No. 745036 (Atlas Powder Company, published Feb. 15, 1956) relates to heterocyclic amides and their carboxylic esters useful as, for example, chemical intermediates of emulsifiers.

wetting agents and dispersing agents, detergents and textile emollients.

These compounds have the general formula N (R) (R 1) C (O) R 2. where it means

R is an anhydride of hexapentanol or a carboxylic acid ester,

R 1 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group and -C (O) R 2 is an acyl group of a carboxylic acid having up to 25 carbon atoms.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,312,627 to D. T. Hooker, U.S. Pat.

April 1967) relates to solid toilet bars which are practical (builder) devoid of anionic detergents and which contain lithium soaps of the alkali components of certain fatty acids, nonionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of certain propylene oxide and d-ethylenediamine and n-ethylenedione condensates , propylene oxide-propylene glycol-ethylene oxide condensates and polymerized ethylene glycol, as well as a noionic foaming component which may contain a polyhydroxyamide of formula RC (O) NR 1 (R 2). wherein R c (O) contains about 10 to about carbon atoms and R 1 and R 2 are each hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, wherein the alkyl groups have a total carbon number of about 7 and a total number of hydroxyl substituents of 2 to about 6. Essentially similar is the subject of the invention of U.S. Pat. No. 3,312,626 (DT Hooker, Apr. 4, 1967).

The use of magnesium in detergent compositions is also known.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,433,317, supra, relates to cleaning compositions comprising magnesium and anionic surfactants.

However, nowhere in the prior art is unexpectedly reported a higher foaming action, lightness rinse, good feel and mild skin care as exhibited by the detergent compositions of the present invention containing anionic sulfated and sulfonated surfactants, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and magnesium.

The invention therefore relates to cleaning compositions which exhibit favorable characteristics.

The invention also relates to a method for washing dirty dishes using the invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, the present invention provides a cleaning composition comprising from about 5% to about 65% by weight of a surfactant mixture of

a) from about 5 to about 95% of one or more anionic sulphated or sulphonated surfaces of the active agents; and b> from about 5 to about 95% of one or more polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula

R ¹

I

R ² - C - N - Z where is

R ¹ is H, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,

A 2-hydroxyethyl group, a 2-hydroxypropyl group, or a mixture thereof

R ² hydrocarbon group of 5-31 carbon atoms, and

Z is a linear hydrocarbon chain polyhydroxy hydrocarbon group having at least three hydroxyl groups directly bonded to the chain or an alkoxylated derivative thereof and a magnesium ion in a molar amount corresponding to 0.1 x 2.0 x. where x is the number of moles of anionic sulfated or sulfonic surfactant contained in the detergent composition.

As mentioned above, the invention also relates to a method for washing dishes using the above-mentioned cleaning composition.

The detergent composition of the present invention contains from about 20% to about 20%, preferably from about 20% to about 20%, by weight of the surfactant composition containing one or more anionic sulphated surfactants and one or more polyhydroxy fatty acid amides. These compositions additionally contain magnesium in a molar amount corresponding to 0.1 x

2.0 x, preferably 0.2 x 1.7 x, especially

0.3 x to 1.5 x, where x is the number of moles of anionic sulfate surfactant contained or sulfonate in the composition. These and other ingredients are generally used in detergent compositions, as discussed below. The detergents according to the invention are preferably in the form of either liquid or glove formulations, in particular in the form of liquid (light-duty) liquid detergents, in particular in the form of liquid dishwashing detergents.

The detergent composition of the invention comprises from about 5 to about 95% by weight, preferably from about 20 to about% by weight, and more preferably from about 40 to about 60% by weight of one or more anionic sulfated or sulfonated surfactants. The anionic sulphated or sulphonated surfactants may be organic sulphate or sulphonate surfactants, preferably selected from the group consisting of alkylsulfonates having 11 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, alkylsulfonates having 10 to 16 carbon atoms and their ethoxy analogues containing 12 to 15 carbon atoms. moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl ethoxylate, with 13 to paraffin sulphonates, alkanes sulphonates, olefin sulphonates of carbon atoms and secondary to 16 carbon atoms, alkyl glyceryl ether sulphonates of up to and including carbon atoms, acyl-N-alkylglutamine sulphates of up to 4 carbon atoms and up to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety or acyl-N-hydroxyalkylglucamine sulfates, having up to 17 carbon atoms in the acyl moiety and having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, and mixtures of any of these surfactants. In particular, the anionic surfactants are selected from the group consisting of alkyl ethoxy sulfates. alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates and paraffin sulfonates.

Suitable alkylbenzene sulfonates in the compositions of the invention include alkylbenzene sulfonates, the alkyl group of which is substantially linear and contains from 10 to 16 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 13 carbon atoms, with a mean chain length of 11.2 carbon atoms being most preferred. The separation of the phenyl isomer, i.e. the point of attachment of the alkyl chain to the benzene ring, is not critical, but alkylbenzenes having a high 2-phenyl isomer content are preferred.

Suitable alkyl sulfates are primary alkyl sulfates having an alkyl group containing 10 to 16 carbon atoms, in particular a mean number of 12 to 14 carbon atoms in the linear chain. Alcohols of 10 to 16 carbon atoms, derived from natural fats, Ziegler olefins or oxo-synthesis products are suitable sources of alkyl groups. Examples of synthetically derived materials include Dobanol 23 (RTM) from Shell Chemicals (UK) Ltd., Ethyl 24 from Ethyl Corporation, a mixture of C13-C15 alcohols in a weight ratio of 67% C13 and 33% C12 alcohols. 15 carbon atoms, the trade names Lutensol of BASE GmbH and Synperonic (RTM) of ICI Ltd. and Lial 125 of Liquichiraica Italiana. Examples of naturally occurring materials from which the alcohols may be derived are coconut oil and palm kernel oil and the corresponding fatty acids.

Alkyl ethoxysulfate surfactants include primary alkyl ethoxysulfate derived from the condensation product of a C 10 -C 16 alcohol having an average number of up to 7 ethylene oxide groups. The C 10 -C 16 alcohol itself may be obtained from any of the above sources for the alkyl sulfate component. C 12 -C 13 alkyl ethoxy sulfates are preferred.

The conventional base-catalyzed ethoxylation process to achieve an intermediate degree of ethoxylation 12 results in the distribution of individual ethoxylates having 1 to 15 ethoxy groups per mole of alcohol, so that the desired center can be achieved in various ways. Mixtures having a different degree of ethoxylation and / or a different distribution of ethoxylate may be prepared in accordance with specific ethoxylation methods and in accordance with subsequent processing, for example distillation. For example, it has been found that foaming and the equivalent fat removal efficiency of a given mixture of alkyl sulfate and alkyltriethoxysulfate can be obtained by reducing the content of about two ethoxy groups per mole of alcohol. Preferred compositions according to the invention use an alkyl ethoxy sulfate having an average degree of ethoxylation of 0.4 to 5.0 (reducing the turbidity of the product), in particular 0.4 to 3.0.

The secondary paraffin sulfonates suitable according to the invention have 13 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule, preferably 13 to 16 carbon atoms per molecule. These sulfonates are preferably prepared by treating paraffin corresponding to the number of carbon atoms indicated by the chain length. magnesium oxide in the presence of oxygen under the conditions of the known sulfoxidation process. The reaction product is a secondary sulfonic acid which is then neutralized with a suitable base to yield a water-soluble secondary alkyl sulfate. Similarly, secondary alkyl sulfonates can be prepared by other methods, for example sulfochlorination, whereby chlorine and sulfur dioxide are reacted with paraffins in the presence of actinic light, and the obtained sulfonyl chlorides are hydrolyzed and neutralized to yield secondary alkyl sulfonates. Whichever method is used, it is generally desirable to prepare a sulfonate in the form of a monosulfonate having or unreacted starting hydrocarbon containing only a small amount of inorganic salt of the by-product or containing no inorganic salt as a by-product. Similarly, proportions of disulfonate or higher sulfonated material should be minimized, although some may be present. Finally, the monosulfonate may be sulfonated or the sulfonate groups may be bonded to a carbon atom at the 2-position or to another carbon atom in the linear chain. Similarly, any concomitant disulfonate, commonly formed in the presence of an excess of sulfonating agent, may have sulfonate groups distributed on different carbon atoms of the paraffin base and mixtures of monosulfonates and disulfonates may be included.

Mixtures of monoalkanesulfonates wherein alkanes have 14 and 15 carbon atoms are particularly preferred, wherein the sulfonates are present in a weight ratio of paraffins of 14 to 15 carbon atoms of 1: 3 to 3 ^: 1.

Olefin sulphonates. Suitable compositions according to the invention are mixtures of alkene-1-sulfonates, alkene hydroxysulfonates, allenesulfonates and hydroxy disulfonates and are described in U.S. Patent 3,333,280 (P.F. Pflauner and A. Kessler, July 25, 1967).

Suitable alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates are derived from coconut oil ethers and tallow.

Other sulphate surfactants include acyl-N-alkylglucamine sulfates having from 9 to 17 carbon atoms in the acyl moiety and from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, or acyl-N-hydroxyalkylglucamine sulfates with from 9 to 17 carbon atoms in the acyl moiety of up to about 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety derived from coconut or palm kernel oil. These materials can be prepared by the method of U.S. Patent 2,717,894 (Schwartz, September 13, 1955).

The counterion ion of the anionic surfactants is preferably selected from sodium, potassium or magnesium.

ammonium or alkanolammonium with their magnesium.

Fatty acid polyhydroxyamide

The surfactant composition according to about 5 to about 95 compositions, preferably about 20 to about 80% by weight, and more preferably about 40 to about 60% by weight, of one or more polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of formula I is preferred

0 I I R ¹ I R ² ' 1 1 ^_ c - 1 N - Z where it means

R ( ¹⁾ is hydrogen, (I) a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,

A 2-hydroxyethyl group, a 2-hydroxypropyl group or a mixture thereof, preferably an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, and in particular an alkyl group having 1 carbon atom (i.e. methyl),

R ² hydrocarbon group of 5-31 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl or alkenyl straight chain of 7 to 19 carbon atoms, especially alkyl or alkenyl of

A straight-chain group having from 9 to 17 carbon atoms, in particular a straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl group having from 11 to 17 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof.

Z is a linear hydrocarbon chain polyhydroxy hydrocarbon group having at least three hydroxyl groups. directly bonded to a chain or an alkoxylated (preferably ethoxylated or propolylated) derivative thereof.

The group Z is preferably derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction. Preferably Z is a glycityl group. Suitable reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose. galactose. mannose and xylose. High dextrose corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup and high maltose corn syrup may be used as starting materials as the individual sugars mentioned above. Corn syrups may be obtained as a mixture of the Z sugar components. However, the said designation does not exclude other suitable raw materials. The group Z is preferably selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 - (CHOH) n -CH 2 OH,

-CH (CH 2 OH) - (CHOH) n-1 CH 2 OH -CH 2 - (CHOH) 2 (CHOR '> (CHOH) -CH 2 OH where n is an integer from 3 to 5 R' hydrogen atom or cyclic or aliphatic monosaccharide and its alkoxylated derivatives. Most preferred are glycityls wherein n is 4, especially of the formula -CH 2 - (CHOID 1 -CH 2 OH)

In formula (I), R 'may be, for example, N-methyl, N-ethyl, N-propyl, N-isopropyl, N-butyl,,-2-hydroxyethyl or Ν-2-hydroxypropyl.

R ² -CO-N? May be, for example, cocamide, stearamide, oleamide, lauramide, myristamide. capricamide, palmitamide, tallow amide.

Z may be, for example, 1-deoxyglucityl,

2-deoxyfructityl, 1-deoxymaltityl, 2-deoxylactityl,

1-deoxygalactyl, 1-deoxymethyltrithiol. 1-deoxymanlyl polyhydroxy fatty acids or acids Most preferably of the general formula They are 0 I | CH I R ² - 1 1 C 1 - N - CH? - ((CHOH) 4 CH 2 OH)

wherein R ² is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 11 to 17 carbon atoms in a straight chain.

These polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are prepared in a known manner. They are generally prepared by reacting an alkylamine with a reducing sugar by a reductive amination reaction to give the corresponding

The N-alkyl polyhydroxyamine is then reacted with a fatty acid ester or triglyceride in a condensation amidation step to form a N-alkyl, N-polyhydroxyalkyl amide fatty acid. Methods for preparing mixtures containing fatty acid polyhydroxyamides are described, for example, in British Patent Application No. 8 (> 9060 (Thomas Nedley & Co., Ltd), published February 18, 1959), and U.S. Patent No. 2,965,576 (ER Vilson _: December 20). 1960), U.S. Pat. No. 19: 5424 (Piggott, Dec. 25, 1934).

According to one method of preparing N-alkyl or N-hydroxyalkyl, N-deoxyglycitylamides of a fatty acid, wherein the glycityl component is derived from glucose and

N-alkyl;

The N-hydroxyalkyl group is a group

N-methyl,

N-ety1ová,

N-propyl,

N-butyl,

N-hydroxyethyl sheep or

N-hydroxypropyl, the product

Prepares by reaction

N-alkylglucamine or N-hydroxyalkylglucamine with a fatty acid ester selected from the group consisting of fatty acid methyl esters.

fatty acid ethyl esters and fatty acid triglycerides.

in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of three lithium umphosphate, trinium phosphate, tricalphosphate, tetranium phosphate, pentacalipropolyphosphate, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, trisodium citrate, trisodium citrate, trisodium citrate, trisodium phosphate, trisodium phosphate basic sodium silicate, basic alkali aluminum, basic sodium aluminum, and basic aluminum aluminum, and mixtures thereof. The amount of catalyst preferably corresponds to about 0.5 mol% to about 50 mol%, preferably about 2.0 mol% to about 10 mol%, based on the molar basis of the N-alkylcukukamine or the N-hydroxyalkylglucamine. The reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature of about 138 ° C to 170 ° C, typically for 20 to 90 minutes. If triglycerides are used in the reaction mixture as a fat ester source, the reaction can also be advantageously carried out using about 1 to about 10% by weight of the phase transfer agent, based on the weight of the reaction mixture as a whole, selected from the group consisting of saturated surfactants. fatty and alcohol polyethoxylates, alkyl polyglucosides, linear glycamide and mixtures thereof.

Preferably, the method is carried out such that

(a) preheating the fatty acid ester to a temperature of about 138 to about 170 ° C;

b) Add N-alkylglucamine or N-hydroxyalkylglucamine to the heated fatty acid ester and mix until a biphasic liquid / liquid mixture is formed,

c) adding the catalyst to the reaction mixture,

d) stirring the reaction mixture for a given time.

When a triglyceride is used as the fatty acid ester, it is also preferable to add about 2 to about 20% by weight of the preformed N-alkyl / N-hydroxyalkyl, N-1 fatty acid linear glucose amide product to the reaction mixture, based on the weight of the reactants, as reagent. phase transfer. This inoculates the reaction and thus increases the reaction rate. A detailed description of this procedure is given in the Examples section.

The polyhydroxy fatty acid amide of the invention provides the advantage to those skilled in the art that it can be fully prepared from primary natural degradable raw materials, i.e. not from petrochemical raw materials. These raw materials are also low toxic to the environment of natural watercourses.

It is recalled that in addition to the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the general formula

Also, the nonvolatile by-products such as ester amides and cyclic polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are also prepared by the process for their preparation. The concentration of these by-products varies depending on the reactants selected and the reaction conditions. Preferably, the polyhydroxy fatty acid amide introduced into the detergent composition is prepared in such form as a composition comprising the polyhydroxy fatty acid amide to contain less than about 10% by weight and preferably less than about 4% cyclic polyhydroxy fatty acid amide. The preferred process described above has the advantage of providing a rather low amount of by-products, including such a cyclic amide by-product.

Magnesium component

The detergent compositions of the present invention contain magnesium in a molar amount corresponding to 0.1 x to 2.0 x, preferably 0.2 to 1.5 x, wherein x is the number of moles of an anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactant in such a cleaning agent. The method of introducing magnesium into the compositions of the invention is not critical and can be carried out in a variety of ways.

The individual anionic surfactants may be prepared in the form of aqueous solutions of alkali metal salts or anionic salts and then mixed with each other with a hydrotropic agent, to which magnesium may be added in the form of a water-soluble salt such as chloride or sulfate. Alternatively, a small amount of substances may be added beforehand before adjusting the pH and viscosity. This method is advantageous because known techniques and equipment are used, but additional chlorine or sulfate ions are introduced which can raise the temperature at which the inorganic salts in crystalline form begin to precipitate in the liquid.

When the surfactants are in acid form, magnesium can be added by neutralizing the acid with magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide suspended in water. This method does not introduce chloride or sulfate ions.

The neutralized surfactant salts and hydrotropic agents are then added to the final mixing vessel and optional ingredients are added prior to pH adjustment.

The third and most preferred process is the addition of an anionic or sulfate surfactant in the form of a magnesium salt. When using this magnesium addition method, any desired amount in a molar excess of the anionic surfactant may be added according to any of the other methods disclosed herein or by other methods known to those skilled in the art.

Liquid carrier

According to a preferred embodiment, the cleaning composition of the invention may be a liquid cleaning composition. These preferred liquid compositions contain from about 95 to about 35%, preferably from about 90 to about 50%, and more preferably from about 80 to about 60%, by weight, of a liquid carrier such as water, especially a mixture of water and a 1 to 4 carbon alcohol (e.g. ethanol, propanol). , isopropanol, butanol and mixtures thereof), ethanol being suitable.

PH of the composition

The liquid cleaning compositions of the invention are preferably formulated such that when used in an aqueous cleaning operation, the wash water has a pH of about 5.5 to about 9.5, and in particular about 6.5 to about 8.0. Liquid cleaning compositions preferably have a pH of about 5.0 to about 10.5, preferably about 6.0 to about 9.0, and especially about

7.5. Methods for controlling the pH at the recommended dosage include the use of, for example, buffers, alkalis and acids, as known to those skilled in the art.

thickeners

The detergent compositions of the invention may also be used in the form of a gel. Such compositions are generally formulated in the same manner as liquid compositions, but thickeners are added thereto. Any material or materials may be mixed with an aqueous liquid to provide a dilute cleaning composition of the invention having a sufficient slip value. Examples of such materials that provide slip values include colloidal silicon dioxide, particulate polymers such as polystyrene and oxidized polystyrene, mixtures of certain surfactants, and water-soluble polymers such as polyacrylate.

A preferred thickener for the detergent compositions of the present invention is a high molecular weight polycarbonate polymer thickener. By high molecular weight is meant a weight of about 500,000 to 5,000,000, preferably about 75,000 to about 4,000,000.

The polycarbonate polymer may be a carboxyvinyl polymer. Such compounds are described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,779,553. Brown has also described a process for preparing carboxyvinyl polymers.

The carboxyvinyl polymer is an interpolymer of a monomer mixture comprising a monomeric olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight based on the total monomers of the polyether polyether, wherein the polyhydric alcohol contains at least 4 carbon atoms to which at least three hydroxyl groups are attached; The polyether contains more than one alkenyl group per molecule. Alternatively, some monoolefic materials may also be present in the monomer mixture, even in a predominant amount. Carboxyl polymers are substantially insoluble in liquid, volatile organic hydrocarbons and are dimensionally stable when exposed to air.

Preferred polyhydric alcohols suitable for the preparation of carboxyvinyl polymers include polyols selected from the group consisting of oligosaccharides, reduced derivatives thereof, wherein the carbonyl group is converted to an alcohol group and pentaerythritol, more preferred are oligosaccharides and most preferably sucrose. It is preferred that the hydroxyl groups of the polyol that have been modified be etherified with allyl groups, wherein the polyol has at least two allyl ether groups per polyol molecule. When the polyol is sucrose, it is preferred that the sucrose has at least five allyl ether groups per sucrose molecule. It is preferred that the polyol polyether contains from about 0.1 to about 4% by weight of the monomers as a whole, and in particular from about 0.2 to 2.5%.

Preferred olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids for use in the preparation of carboxyvinyl polymers include monomeric, polymerizable alpha-beta monoolefinically unsaturated lower aliphatic carboxylic acids. In particular, monomeric monoolefinic acrylic acids of the general formula are mentioned

R

CH ₂ = C-COOH where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl. Most preferred is acrylic acid.

Carboxyvinyl polymers suitable for the detergent compositions of the invention have a molecular weight of at least about 750000. Preferred are the crosslinked carboxyvinyl polymers having a molecular weight of at least about 1,200,000. Also preferred are carboxyvinyl polymers having a molecular weight of at least about 3,000,000, which may be less highly crosslinked. polymers are commercially available from BF Goodrich Company, New York, NY under the trade name Carbopol. Carbopolinyl polymers suitable for use in the cleaning compositions of the present invention include Carbopol 910 having a molecular weight of about 750000, preferably Carbopol 941 having a molecular weight of about 1,200,000, and particularly Carbopol 934 and 940 having a molecular weight of about 3,000,000 and 4,000,000.

Carbopol 934 is a very slightly crosslinked carboxyvinyl polymer having a molecular weight of about 3,000,000. It is described as a high molecular weight polyacrylic acid crosslinked about 1% with a mean content of about 5.8 allyl groups per sucrose molecule. Additional polycarbonate polymers useful in the invention are Sokolan PHC-25 ^B , a polyacrylic acid from BASF Corp., and Gantrez ⁸ , a poly (methyl vinyl ether / maleic acid), an interpolymer of GAF Corp.

Preferred polycarboxylate polymers for the detergent compositions of the invention are nonlinear water dispersible polyacrylic acids crosslinked with a polyalkenyl polyether and having a molecular weight of about 750000 to about 40,000,000.

Highly preferred examples of such polycarboxylate polymeric thickeners include Carbopol 600 resins from B.F. Goodrich. Particularly preferred thickeners are Carbopol 616 and 617. These resins appear to be much more crosslinked than the 900 series resins and have a molecular weight of approximately 100,000 to 4,000,000. Polycarboxylate polymer compositions herein are also suitable for the detergent compositions of the invention. A mixture of Carbopol 616 and 617 series resins is particularly preferred.

Polycarboxylate polymeric thickeners are preferably used substantially in the absence of clays as thickeners. In fact, it has been found that when polycarboxylate polymers with clay are used in the detergent compositions of the invention, a less stable product with respect to phase instability is obtained. In other words, polycarboxylate polymer is used instead of clay as a thickener / stabilizer in the detergent compositions of the invention.

The polycarboxylate polymer also reduces the commonly called bottle hang-up phenomenon. This is understood to mean the impossibility of pouring out all the contents of the dishwashing composition from the packaging. Without intending to bind the invention to any theory it seems. The densified cleaning compositions of the present invention provide this advantage because the cohesive force of the composition is higher than the adhesive force to the walls of the package. Using clay-based thickeners, which are included in most commercially available formulations, deposition on the walls of the package can be a significant problem under certain conditions.

Without intending to be bound by any theory, it also appears that the long chain molecules of the polycarboxylate polymer thickener help to suspend solids in the thickened detergent composition of the invention and maintain the expanded matrix. The polymeric material is also less sensitive than clay thickeners to destruction due to repeated shear, which occurs with intensive mixing.

When a polycarboxylate polymer is used as a thickening agent in the cleaning compositions of the present invention, the polymer is typically present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight, preferably about

0.2 to about 2

The thickener is used to achieve a slip value of about 50 to about 350, and preferably about 75 to about 250.

Sliding value

The yield value is an indication of the shear stress that exceeds the gel's strength and begins to flow. They are changing with a Brookfield Model RVT viscometer with B-borehole and T-bars at 25 ° C using a helix drive with the addition. The system is set to 0.5 rpm and the reading for the test agent is performed after 30 seconds or after the system has stabilized. The system stops and the speed is reset to

1.0 rpm The yield value is calculated as zero shear stress (18.8 C conversion factor). ^H

According to the invention, useful potassium useful agents, for example triethanolamines, are prepared:

alkaline earth, file no. 1 082179, alkylpolyglycol ether sulfates 10 may also comprise: also other detergent purposes for anionic agents include ammonium and substituted monoethanolamine salts, soap salts, sulfonated by ulfonation of the pyrolyzed described, for example, alkyl sulfates of 8 to 8 to 24 moles ethylene oxide);

acylglycerol sulfonates, fatty acid phenylethylene oxide and ether sulfates such as acyl isethionates, acids, alkyl succinates alkyl polysaccharide sulfates, (nonionic unsaturated alkyl ether carbonates, esterified with fatty isethionic amides are described in (Surfactant Schvartz, et al.).

line 23.

Possible ingredients

Anionic surfactant cleaner

Non-limiting examples include salts (e.g., sodium, ammonium salts such as diethanolamine salts and polycarboxylic acids, the metal citrate product of the British Patent 22 carbon, carbon (containing up to alkylglycerol sulfonates, fatty acylglycerol sulfonates, and alkylphosphates, isethionates such as acyltaurosulfides, amide sulfonates acylsarosinates, such as the sulfates of the compound of the above alkyl ethoxycarboxylates, fatty acid and neutralized methyltauride acids (Other Surface Active Active Agents With Cleaners Perry &amp; Berch) (also variously described in patent December 30, 1975), column a &apos; sodium hydroxide, examples of such substances (Agents and Detergents compositions) (Volume I and II, i.e. surfactant file no. 3 929678 (Laughl 23, line 58 to column 29,

Non - ionic surfactants

Suitable nonionic surfactants are generally described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678 (Laughlin et al., Dec. 30, 1975), column 13, line 14 to column 16, line 6. The following are exemplary but not limiting classes of suitable nonionic surfactants. reagents ^:

Polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide and polybutylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols. These compounds include the condensation products of alkylphenols having an alkyl moiety of 6 to 12 carbon atoms in a desirable or branched chain configuration and an alkylene oxide. According to a preferred embodiment, the ethylene oxide is present in an amount of about 5 to about 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol. Commercially available nonionic surfactants of this type are, for example, Igepal ™ X-45, X-114, X-100 and X-102, all Rohm & Haas products

Company.

2. The condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with about 1 to moles of ethylene oxide. The alkyl chain of the aliphatic alcohol may be either straight or branched, primary or secondary, and generally contains 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred are the condensation products of an alcohol having alkyl groups of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms. 2 to about 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. Examples of commercially available nonionic surfactants of this type include Tergitol (TM) 15-S-9 (a C11-C15 linear alcohol condensation product with 9 moles of ethylene oxide), Tergitol (TM) 24-L-6-NMV (a primary alcohol condensation product with 12 to 14 carbon atoms with 6 moles of ethylene oxide and narrow molecular weight distribution), both of which are products of Union Carbide Corporation; Neodol ™ 54-9 (condensation product of linear alcohol of 14 to 15 carbon atoms with 9 moles of ethylene oxide), Neodol ™ 23-6.5 (condensation product of linear alcohol of 12 to 13 carbon atoms with 6.5 moles of ethylene oxide), Neodol ™ 45- 7 (condensation product of a linear alcohol of 14 to 115 carbon atoms with 7 moles of ethylene oxide), Neodol ™ 45-4 (condensation product of a linear alcohol of 14 to carbon atoms with 4 moles of ethylene oxide) always by Shell Chemical Company and Kyro ™ EOB (condensation product) alcohol (13-15 carbon atoms with 9 moles of ethylene oxide) of the Procter & Gambie Company.

3. The condensation products of ethylene oxide and a hydrophobic base formed by condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol. The hydrophobic portion of the compounds preferably has a molecular weight of about 1500 to 1800 and exhibits water insolubility. Addition of the polyoxyethylene moiety to this hydrophobic portion results in an increase in the water solubility of the molecule as a whole and a liquid nature of the product to a point where the polyoxyethylene content is about 50% by weight with respect to the total weight of the condensation product. Examples of compounds of this type include certain commercially available Pluronic ™ surfactants from BASF.

4. The condensation products of ethylene oxide and the product formed by the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. The hydrophobic portion of the product consists of the reaction product of ethylenediamine and an excess of propylene oxide and generally has a molecular weight of about 2500 to about 3000. This hydrophobic portion condenses with ethylene oxide to such an extent that the condensation product contains about 40 to about BO% polyoxyethylene. 5000 to about 11,000. Examples of this type of nonionic surfactant are the commercially available Tetronic ™ compounds from BASF.

5. Semi-polar nonionic surfactants of a special category of nonionic surfactants which include water-soluble amine oxides containing an alkyl moiety of 10 to 18 carbon atoms and two moieties specially selected from the group consisting of alkyl and hydroxyalkyl groups each containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms ; water-soluble phosphine oxides containing an alkyl moiety of from 10 to 18 carbon atoms and two moieties from the group consisting of alkyl groups and hydroxyalkyl groups of 1 to 23 carbon atoms each; and water-soluble sulfoxides containing an alkyl moiety of from 10 to 18 carbon atoms and a moiety selected from the group consisting of alkyl and hydroxyalkyl moieties of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Semi-polar nonionic detersive surfactants include the amine oxide surfactants of formula 0

R ³ (OR ⁴ > xN (R ⁵ ) ₂ where denotes

R ³ is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkylfeny'lovú group or mixtures thereof containing from about 8 to about 22'atómov atoms,

R ^{4 is an} alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof,

X 0 to 3 a

R ^{5 is in} each case an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a polyethylene oxide group having approximately 1 to 3 ethylene oxide groups, wherein the R ⁵ groups can be bonded to one another, for example by means of an oxygen or nitrogen atom to form a ring structure.

These amine oxide surfactants include, in particular, C 10 -C 18 alkyldimethylamine oxides and C 8 -C 12 alkoxyethyl dihydroethylamine oxides.

The alkylpolysaccharides described in U.S. Patent 4,556,547 (Llenado, Jan. 21, 1986) have a hydrophobic group containing about up to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, and a polysaccharide, for example, polyglycoside as the hydrophobic group containing 11.3 to about 10, preferably about 1.4 to about 3, and especially about 1.3 to about 2.7 carbohydrate units. Any reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms can be used, for example, glucose, galactose, and galactosyl moieties can be replaced by glycosyl or glycols.

(An optional hydrophobic moiety is bound at the 2, 3 position, etc., and thus provides glucose or galactose over the glucoside or galactoside.) The intersaccharide linkages may be, for example, between the position of the additional carbohydrate units and the positions 2, 3, 4 and / or 6 of the preceding carbohydrate units.

Alternatively, but less desirable, the polyalkylene oxide chain may bind a hydrophobic moiety and a polysaccharide moiety.

A preferred alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide.

Typical hydrophobic groups include alkyl groups either saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched.

containing 8 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 10 carbon atoms. Preferably, the alkyl group is a straight chain saturated alkyl group.

The alkyl group may contain a polyalkylene oxide chain may contain, preferably the most suitable alkyl polysaccharides, up to 3 hydroxyl groups and / or contain up to 10 alkylene oxide 5 alkylene oxide moieties. As mentioned, octyl, nonyldecyl, undecyldodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexaglucosides, galactosides, lactosides, glucose, fructosides, fructose and / or fructose and / or. Suitable mixtures include coconut alkyl, di-, tri-, tetra- and pentaglucosides and tallow alkyl tetra-, penta-, and hexaglucosides.

Preferred alkyl polyglycosides have the general formula

R ² O (C 11 H ² nO) t (glycosyl) x wherein R ^{2 is} alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof, wherein the alkyl moiety contains 10 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms, n 2 or 3, preferably about 2 to about 110, preferably about 0 to about about 1.3 to about 10, preferably about 1.3 to about 3, and especially about 1.3 to about 2.7. The glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose. To prepare these compounds, an alcohol or an alkylpolyethoxy alcohol is first prepared and then reacted with glucose or a source of glucose to form a glucoside (bound at the 1-position). The additional glycosyl units may then bind between their 1-position and the preceding glycosyl units at the 2, 3, 4 and / or 6 position, preferably predominantly at the 2-position.

7. Fatty acid amide as a surfactant of the general formula

I

R ⁶ -C ⁷ N (R ⁷ ) 2 wherein R ^{6 is} C 7 -C 21 alkyl, preferably C 9 -C 17 and R ⁷ is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and - (C 2 H 10 O x H) wherein x is about 1 to about 3.

Preferred amides are those having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, monoethanolamides, diethanolamides and isopropanolamides.

Other surfactants

Ampholytic surfactants can also be incorporated into detergent compositions. These surfactants are described as aliphatic derivatives of secondary or tertiary amines or aliphatic derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic moiety may be a straight or branched chain. One of the aliphatic substituents contains at least 8 carbon atoms, as a rule 8 to 18 carbon atoms, at least one contains an anionic water-solubilizing group, for example a carboxy group, a sulfonate group and a sulfate group. According to U.S. Patent No. 3

929678 (Laughlin et al., December 30, 1975) column 19, lines 18-35, for example, ampholytic surfactants are used.

Both surfactants can also be incorporated into the detergent compositions of the invention. These surfactants are described as derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds. Examples of useful zwitterionic surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. , December 30, 1975) column 19, line 38 to column 22, line 48.

Such ampholytic and zwitterionic surfactants are generally used with one or more anionic and / or nonionic surfactants. Particularly suitable for such use are betaine and sulfobetaine (sultain) and mixtures thereof.

Preferred additional surfactants are anionic and nonionic surfactants. Preferred surfactants include polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide and polybutylene oxide condensation products of alkylphenols; alkylethoxylate condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with ethylene oxide; condensation products of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol, a condensation product of ethylene oxide with a product obtained by reacting propylene oxide and ethylenediamine, an alkylpolysaccharide especially an alkylpolysaccharide having a hydrophobic moiety containing from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms fatty acid units and amides and mixtures thereof.

When the compositions of the invention contain these additional surfactants, the additional surfactants are included in an amount of about 1 to about 15% by weight, preferably about 2 to about 10% by weight.

Other optional ingredients are detergent builders of either organic or inorganic type, although it is generally not preferred to use such builders in the detergent compositions of the invention. As an example, water-soluble inorganic builders, which can be used either alone or in admixture with each other or with organic alkaline

25 sequestering builder salts include glycine alkyl succinates and alkenyl succinates, alkali metal carbonates of salts with phosphates, polyphosphates and silicates. Specific examples of such include sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate pyrophosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate. Examples of organic builder salts which may be used alone or in mixtures with other substances or in mixtures with the above-mentioned inorganic and builder salts include alkali metal polycarboxylates, which include, by way of limitation, water-soluble citrates , such as sodium and potassium citrate, sodium and potassium tartrate, sodium or potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate,

Potassium sodium N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine triacetate, sodium potassium trilotriacetate

Sodium and potassium N- (2-hydroxyethyl) nitrilodiacetate, sodium and potassium oxydisuccinate and sodium and potassium tartrate monosuccinate and sodium and potassium tartrate disuccinate as described in U.S. Pat.

663071 (Bush et al., May 5, 1987). Other organic builders, such as water-soluble phosphonates, may be used in the detergent compositions of the invention. Generally, however, in the detergent compositions of the present invention, the builders are of limited use as long as the detergent compositions of the present invention are in the form of liquid, lightweight detergent compositions. (“Light hollow”) for dishes. If such builders are then included in such compositions according to the invention, they are generally present in an amount of about 1 to about 10% by weight, preferably about 2 to 5% by weight.

Other suitable ingredients include diluents, solvents, colorants, perfumes, and hydrotropes (preferred). For example, inorganic salts such as sodium and potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium and potassium chloride and sodium bicarbonate may be used as diluents. Suitable diluents for detergent compositions of the invention are generally included in an amount of about 1 to about 10% by weight, preferably about 2 to about 5% by weight.

Suitable solvents for the detergent compositions of the present invention include, for example, water and low molecular weight alcohols such as ethyl alcohol and isopropanol. Solvents for the detergent compositions of the invention are generally present in an amount of about 1 to about 660% by weight, preferably about 5 to about 50% by weight.

Hydrotropic agents such as sodium and potassium toluenesulfonate, sodium and potassium xylenesulfonate, sodium and potassium cumenesulfonate, trisodium and tripotassium sulfosuccinate and the like (see U.S. Pat. No. 3,915,903) can optionally be used to achieve the desired stability and viscosity of the product. It has been found that hydrotropic agents can have a positive effect on the foaming of the detergent compositions of the invention. Although not intended to be bound by theory, it is likely due to the viscous characteristics of such agents that the hydrotropic agents used in the detergent compositions of the invention are generally contained in an amount of about 1 to about 10%, preferably about 2 to about 7% .

Optional ingredients used in the liquid dishwashing detergent compositions of the present invention optionally include dishwashing ethoxylated nonionic surfactants of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,368,224 (Pancheri, Feb. 23, 1982) to promote waste cleaning.

Although not intended to be bound by theory, the detergent compositions of the present invention are likely to be advantageous in that they exhibit unexpected high foaming and fat removal capability and provide washed, non-greasy dishes, which is particularly important for consumers when purity judged by removal of greasy hand. In addition, again without wishing to be bound by theory, the additional advantages of the cleaning compositions of the invention appear to be easy rinsing and reducing slippery feel, typically associated with liquid cleaning compositions. This is important for the consumer market where such a slippery touch is unfavorable and is perceived as insufficient rinsing of surfactants from the surface of the dishes.

According to the invention, the dirty dishes are contacted with an effective amount as a rule with about 0.5 ml to about 20 ml (per 25 dishwashed containers), preferably about 3 to about 10 ml of the detergent composition of the invention. The actual amount of liquid detergent is at the discretion of the user and generally depends on such factors as the formulation of the detergent in question, including the concentration of the active ingredient in the detergent, the number of containers to be washed and the degree of soiling of the containers. Certain detergent formulations of the invention, in turn, depend on a number of factors depending on market requirements (e.g., in the United States of America, Japan and Europe). In the following examples, typical methods for washing containers using the detergent composition of the invention are described. However, these examples are intended to illustrate and not to limit the invention.

Depending on the typical use in the United States of America, about ml to about 15 ml, preferably about ml to about ml, of a liquid detergent composition are used in total of about 1000 to about 15 ml.

10000 ml of water, generally about 3000 to approximately

5000 ml sink water with a capacity of approximately

5000 ml

20000 ml.

as a rule, approximately

10000 ml to 15000 of the composition comprises a surfactant composition in an amount of about 21 to about 15, preferably about 25 to about 40, by weight.

The soiled dish is immersed in a sink containing detergent and water and is cleaned by contacting the soiled dish surface with, for example, a cloth or sponge. A cloth, sponge, or the like may be dipped in the detergent / water mixture prior to contact with the cookware surface, and typically then contacted with the surface of the containers for about 1 to 10 seconds, although the time varies depending on usage and user.

The contacting of the cloth, sponge or the like with the surface of the container is preferably accompanied by simultaneous scrubbing of the surface of the dishes.

According to a typical use in Europe, about 3 ml to about 15 ml, preferably about 3 ml to about 10 ml of a liquid detergent are used together with about 1000 to about 10000 ml of water, typically about 3000 to about 5000 ml of water in a sink with a volumetric capacity. a capacity of about 5000 ml to about 20000 ml, typically about 10000 ml to 15000 ml. The cleaning composition comprises a surfactant composition in an amount by weight of about 21 to about 44%, preferably about 25 to about 35%. The soiled dish is immersed in a sink containing detergent and water and is cleaned by contacting the soiled surface of the dish with, for example, a cloth or sponge.

A cloth, sponge, or other similar device may be immersed in the detergent / water mixture prior to contact with the cookware surface and typically thereafter contacted with the cookware surface for about 1 to 10 seconds, although the time varies depending on usage and user The contacting of the cloth, sponge or the like with the surface of the container is preferably accompanied by a simultaneous scrubbing of the dish surface.

Depending on the typical use in Latin America and Japan, about 1 ml to about 50 ml, preferably about ml to about 10 ml of a liquid detergent are used together with ^; about 50 ml to about

2000 ml of water, generally about 100 to approximately

1000 ml of water in a container of approx

500 ml approximately

500 ml to 2000 to about ml. cleansing

5000 ml.

as a rule, the composition comprises a surfactant mixture in an amount of about 5 to about approximately preferably about 10 to about 30% by weight.

The soiled dish is cleaned by contacting the soiled surface of the dish with a cloth or sponge, for example. The cloth or the like may be immersed in the detergent / water mixture before contacting the dish surface and generally then contact the dish surface for about 11 to 10 seconds, although the time varies according to use and user. The contacting of the cloth, sponge or the like with the dish surface is preferably accompanied by simultaneous scrubbing of the dish surface.

According to other uses, dirty dishes are immersed in a water bath in the absence of any dishwashing detergent. An aid for absorbing a liquid dishwashing agent such as a sponge is immersed directly into a separate amount of undiluted liquid dishwashing detergent for a period of about 1 minute. up to 5 seconds. The washing aid and therefore the undiluted liquid detergent for the dishes are then brought individually into contact with the surface of the soiled dishware to remove dirt. The absorbent aid is typically contacted with each dish surface for about 1 to 10 seconds, although the time varies according to usage and user. The contacting of the cloth, sponge or the like with the dish surface is preferably accompanied by simultaneous scrubbing of the dish surface.

Depending on the wish of a person skilled in the art, the cleaning compositions of the invention may contain more or less different suds reducing agents. As a rule, high sudsing is desirable for dishwashing detergents so that no suds suppressors are used. For washing in top-filled washing machines, some foaming limitation may be desirable, and for washing in front-loaded washing machines, a significant foaming limitation may be advantageous. A variety of suds control agents are known and can be selected as desired. The choice of suds suppressor or a mixture of such agents for each particular detergent composition depends not only on the content and amount of polyhydroxy fatty acid amide used, but also on the content of other detergent ingredients. For use with polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, the various types of icon-based suds control agents appear to be much more effective (i.e., less can be used) than the other types of suds control agents. Particularly preferred are 1 iconic suds control agents, trade name AE, X2-3419, Q2-3302 and DC-544 (from Dow Corning).

Those skilled in the art of laundry detergent compositions containing soil release additives can choose from a wide variety of agents (described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,962,152, 4,116,885, 4,237,531, 4, 5,167,149, 4,916,149, 4,912,149,

702857, 4 721580 and 4,877896). Additional soil release promoting agents include a nonionic oligomeric esterification product of the reaction of a mixture comprising a C 1 -C 4 alkoxy-terminated source (e.g., CH31OCH 2 CH 2 11 6 OH), a terephthaloyl unit (e.g., dimethylterephthalate), a polyoxyethylene (e.g., polyoxyethylene) source. a source of oxyisopropyleneoxy units (e.g., 1,2-propylene glycol) and a source of oxyethyleneoxy units (e.g., ethylene glycol), particularly at a molar ratio of oxyethyleneoxy units ^: oxyisopropyleneoxy units of at least about 0.5 = 1. Such nonionic soil release agents have the general formula

η

C - O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) x R ¹ wherein R ^{1 is a} lower alkyl group (e.g., 1 to carbon atoms), especially methyl, x and y are each an integer of about 6 to about 100, m an integer of about 0.75 to about 30 n an integer from about 0.25 to about 20, and R ² a mixture of hydrogen atoms and methyl groups mole ratio of oxyethyleneoxy oxyizopropylénoxy at least about 0.25 to 1.

Another preferred type of soil release agent is the anionic agents generally described in U.S. Patent 4,877,896, provided that such agents are substantially free of HOROH monomers wherein R is a propylene or higher alkyl group. Examples of soil release agents according to U.S. Pat. No. 4,877,896 are exemplified by the reaction product of dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol. 1, 2-propylene glycol and 3-sodium sulfobenzoic acid, wherein the soil release promoting additive may comprise, for example, the reaction product of dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol,

5-sodium sulfoisophthalate; and 3-sodium sulfobenzoic acid. Such agents are preferably used in granular detergent compositions.

A person skilled in the art can also determine that it is preferred to use non-perborate bleaching ingredients, especially in high-duty granular laundry detergents. A variety of peroxy bleaching agents are commercially available and can be used, but percarbonates are common and economical. The compositions according to the invention may contain solid percarbonate additives as a rule in the form of the sodium salt and in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 18% and in particular 8 to 15%.

Sodium percarbonate is an additive and corresponds to the formula 2NA ₂ CO 3 -H ₂ O ₂ and is commercially available as a crystalline solid. The most common material includes small amounts of heavy metal sequestrants such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA),

1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) or aminophosphonate, which are introduced during production. According to the invention, the percarbonate is introduced into the cleaning composition without further protection, but preferably it is used in coated form. Although a wide variety of coatings can be used, the most economical is sodium silicate with a silica = sodium oxide ratio of 1.6 to 1.8 liters, preferably 2.0 to 1, used as an aqueous solution and dried to achieve a 2 to 10 weight percent, typically 3-5% silicate. dry matter per weight of percarbonate. Magnesium silicate and a chelating agent, for example, may also be used to form the coating.

s! i:

The particle size of the crystalline percarbonate is 350 to 450 microns with a mean size of approximately 40 microns. After optional coating, the crystals have a size of 400 to 600 microns.

about

Although the heavy metals contained in the sodium carbonate used for the production of percarbonate can be reduced by incorporating sequestering agents into the reaction mixture, the percarbonate must always be protected from heavy metals contained as impurities in other detergent ingredients. It has been found that the total content of iron, copper and manganese ions should be less than 20 ppm in order to avoid an unacceptable adverse effect on the stability of the percarbonate.

The use of magnesium ions (for example 1%, typically 0.16 to 3.0% magnesium chloride) provides particularly advantageous liquid dishwashing compositions which are characterized by their particularly desirable foaming characteristics. Examples XA and B illustrate such dishwashing detergents. Examples XC and D illustrate the higher fat-removing compositions containing calcium ions. Within the scope of the invention, the cleaning compositions containing magnesium and calcium are always in the form of calcium and magnesium ions. ¹

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The N-methyl, 1-deoxyglucityl lauramide surfactant used in the following examples is prepared in this manner;

Although one skilled in the art may vary the configuration of the apparatus, it comprises a suitable apparatus for preparing: a three-liter four-necked flask equipped with a motor driven by a paddle stirrer and a thermometer of sufficient length to contact the reaction mixture. The other two flasks of the flask are equipped with a nitrogen purge side arm and a large orifice side arm (note ^: a large orifice side arm is important in the case of very rapid methanol evolution) to which an efficient collector condenser and vacuum outlet are connected. The vacuum outlet is connected to a nitrogen source and to a vacuum meter and to a hood and trap. A 500 Watt heat-controlled heating transformer jacket (Variac) used to heat the reaction is placed on the laboratory fixture so that it can be easily lifted or lowered to further control the reaction temperature.

N-methylglucamine (195 g, 1.0 mol, Aldrich, M4700-0) and methyl laurate (Procter & Gambia CE 1270, 220.9 g, 1.0 mol) were charged to a flask. The mixture of solid and liquid was heated with stirring and flushing with nitrogen to form a melt (approximately 125 minutes). When the melt temperature reached 145 ° C, a catalyst (anhydrous powdered sodium carbonate, 10.5 g, 0.1 mol, J. T. Baker) was added. The nitrogen flushing is stopped and. the aspirator and nitrogen outlet are adjusted to obtain a vacuum of 16.95 kPa. From now on, the reaction temperature is maintained at 150 ° C by adjusting the Variac and / or raising or lowering the jacket.

Within seven minutes, the first methanol bubbles showed on the meniscus of the reaction mixture. Then a rapid stormy reaction occurs. The methanol is distilled off until it is formed. The vacuum is adjusted to about 33.86 kPa. Vacuum increases approximately as follows (in kPa for minutes): After eleven minutes from the start of methanol formation, heating and stirring are discontinued simultaneously with some foaming. The product is cooled and allowed to solidify.

The following examples illustrate the invention but do not limit it in any way.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

The following cleaning compositions are formulated, the composition being given in percent by weight. The compositions are prepared as follows:

First, a surfactant paste is prepared by mixing the respective surfactant and water or alcohol. The surfactants included in this surfactant paste are polyhydroxyamides.

Ideally, the paste should be a surface according to the invention.

fatty acid

active agents pumpable at increased temperature. separately the with propeller stirrer joint three

of the formulation, and any necessary hydrotropic agents (xylene sulfonate, cumene sulfonate, toluenesulfonate) and the mixture is mixed until a clear solution is formed. Magnesium is then added followed by a surfactant paste to form a mixture.

The magnesium may be added directly to the mixing vessel in the form of magnesium chloride or magnesium oxide or in the form of magnesium hydroxide powder.

The powdered oxide or magnesium hydroxide is added to the acid form of the surfactant salts (such as alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkylsulfonates, alkyl ethoxylated sulfates, methyl ester sulfonates) into the surfactant paste. When the magnesium oxide or hydroxide is added in the form of a powder, less than the stoichiometric amount required is added to ensure complete dissolution. The pH of the magnesium-containing surfactant paste is then adjusted using sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution.

The mixture is stirred until a homogeneous clear solution is obtained. Additional water, alcohol and any additional hydrotropic agent (added in solution form) may then be added to adjust the desired viscosity of the product solution, ideally 50-1000 mPa measured with a Brockfield viscometer at 21 ° C. The pH of the product is adjusted either by adding hydrochloric acid or by adding sodium hydroxide solution to 7.0 K) 0.7 for the compounds.

containing ammonium-free ammonium ions.

In the last step, additives are added, for example for perfume treatment, opaque dye, as well as

Lytrone and ethylene glycol distearate.

Lytrone can be added directly as a dispersion with stirring.

Ethylene glycol distearate must be added in the molten state with rapid stirring to produce the desired pearlescent crystals.

component A B C D E Cl2-i4alky1-N-methyl 5.0 12.5 9.0 10,0 20.0 sodium Cn, 2 linear alkylbenzenesulfonate 15.0 - - 10,0 - ammonium coconut alcoholeto- xylate (medium 1.0) sulfate 10.0 15.0 10.0 10,0 10,0 ammonium coconut alcohol sulfate - - 5.0 - - magnesium oxide 2.0 2.0 1.5 2.5 2.0 dodecy1d imethylamine amine i - 4.0 3.5 - 3.0 coconut amldopropyldimethy1- betaine 2.0 - 2.0 4.0 - coconut monoethanolamide 2.0 - - 1.0 2.0 coconut diethanolamide 2.0 - - 1.0 - nátriumkunénsulfonát - 4.0 3.0 2.0 4.0 ká1 i umto1uéns ufonát 3.0 - - 3.0 - propylene glycol - - - - 3.0 ethanol 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.0 water & blend (dyes, perfume, opacity adjusting and similar ingredients) to 100 %

Example 2

The following percentages of detergent compositions are formulated. These detergent compositions are prepared in the same manner as the compositions of Example 1.

component A B C d e: Ci2-14a1ky1-N-methyl 5.0 12.5 10.0 10,0 6.0 sodium C11.2 linear a1ky1benzénsu1fonát 10.0 - - - - ammonium coconut alcohol ethoxylate middle 1,0 O) sulfate 25.0 - 8.0 ammonium coconut alcohol sulfate 10.0 5.0 - - 8.0 methyl esters sulfonate sodium of coconut acid - - 15.0 - - magnesium oxide 0.5 1.5 0.8 0.6 1.8 sodium C14-I6 -olefinsulfo- HPH - - - 20.0 - coconut polyglycoside (medium 1.6 glucose units per molecule) - 5.0 - - - dodecyldimethylamine oxide 3.0 3.0 - 5.0 1.6 coconut amidopropyldimets1- betaine 3.0 - 3.0 - - coconut monoethanolamide 2.0 - - - - nátriumkuménsulfonát 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 káliumtoluénsulfonát - - 2.0 - - ethanol 5.0 4.0 - 3.0 2.5 water & blend (dyes, perfume, opacity adjusting and similar ingredients) to 100 %

Example 3

The following percentages of detergent compositions are formulated. These detergent compositions are prepared in the same manner as the compositions of Example 1.

component A B C D C12-14a1ky1-N-methyl 15.0 20.0 12,5 5.0 sodium C11.2 linear a1ky1benzenesulfonate - 5.0 -

ammonium coconut and alcohol ethoxylate (medium 1,0) sulphate sodium coconut methyl ester sulphonate magnesium oxide coconut polyglycoside (medium

1.6 glucose units per molecule) dodecyldimethylaminoxide coconut amidopropyldimethylbetaine-C hexadecyldimethylbetaine coco ethanolamide sodium phosphonate sodium palladium oxybenzenesulfonate opioid paraffinate and ethanol blend; 4

The following percentages by weight are formulated as well as compositions

15.0 5.0 - - - - 0.5 0.7 2.0 1.9 15.0 3.0 6.0 - - - - 3.0 - - - - 5.0 3.0 2.0 - - 3.0 - - - - 3.0 - - - - 2.0 2.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 4.0

up to 100% cleaning

These according to the composition of detergent compositions are made to example 1.

Ammonium component of C11.2 linear alkylbenzenesulfonate

N-mety1g1ukamid

C12-1-4 fatty acid ammonium C12-14 alkyl (EO) o, 8 cocamidopropyl propylbetaine hexadecyldimethylbetaine coconut monoethanolamide C12-14alkyldimethylamine oxide of sodium carbonate sulphonate ethanol urea magnesium hydroxide, opaque and mixture (colorant)

A B C D Ľ - 10,0 8.0 13.5 13.5 16.5 12.5 10,0 12.5 10,0 12.5 11.0 10,0 - 6.0 1.5 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.5 3.0 3.0 2.5 3.8 3.8 3.8 2.0 - - - 4.0 2.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 4.5 5.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 0.5 - - - 0.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 to 100 %

Example 5

The following percentages of cleaning compositions are formulated.

These detergent compositions are prepared in the same manner as the compositions of Example 1.

component

A B C D

C14-I6-olefin sulfonate - C14-I6-olefin sulfonate magnesium 5.0 dodecy1benzénsu1fonát - N-methyl C12-14 fatty acids 12.0 C12-14alky1etoxy- (moderate 0.8) sulfate magnesium 12.0

5.0

10.0 10.0 5.0

5.0

12.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 12.0

12.0

15, O

C 12-13 alkyl ethoxy (medium 1.0) sulfate

magnesium - - - 5.0 5.0 - Cio primary alcoholet- xy cloth (medium 8.0) - - - 4.0 - - C12-Dimethylbetaine 4.0 - - - - - CI2-i4amidopropy1dimetyl- betaine - - 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 coconut monoethanolamide of - - - 2.0 - - coconut diethanolamide of - - 2.0 2.0 - - coconut dimethylamine oxide - 3.0 - - 3.0 3.0 coating of umcumulphonate 3.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 2.0 nátriumxy1énsulfonát 1.0 3.0 3.0 - - 2.0 ethanol 5.0 5.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 ethylene glycol distearate - - - 1.0 - - urea 2.0 1.5 - - - -

water & blend (dyes, perfume, opacity treatment)

and similar ingredients) to 100 Example 6

The following percentages of cleaning compositions are formulated. These detergent compositions are prepared in the same manner as the compositions of Example 1.

component A B C D E F N-methylglucamide d C12-14 fatty acids 5.0 10,0 14.0 8.0 10,0 10.0 Magnesium sulfate, C12-14alkyloxy (moderate 0.8) 5.0 Magnesium C 12-12 alkyl ethoxy (medium 1.0) 5.0 10,0 13.0 10,0

C 12-13 alkyl ethoxy (medium 6.5) sulfate

magnesium 5.0 - - 13.0 - - C 1-4-16 Paraffin sulfonate magnesium - 5.0 - 5.0 10,0 - C12 lametylestersulfo- fever - - - 5.0 10,0 - CI2-i4polyglukozid 5.0 5.0 - - - 5.0 Cioprimární alkoholeto- xylátí medium (8.0) - - - - - 4.0 CI4-i2dimety1betaín - 3.0 - - - - C12-1 ^ amidopropyldi- mety1betaín 2.0 - - - 2.0 - coconut monoethanolamide of 1.0 2.0 2.0 - - - coconut diethanolamide of 1.0 : 2,0 2.0 - - - coconut dimethylamine oxide 1.0 - 3.0 5.0 2.0 4.0 the coating of umcuman sulfonate 2.0 2.0 2.0 - - 2.0 sodium ethoxysulfonate 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.0 ethanol 3.0 - 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 etylénglykoldisrearát - - 1.0 - - - C16 dimethylethoxy - - 3.0 - - -

water & blend (dyes, perfume,

opacity adjusting and similar ingredients) to 100

Example 7

The following percentages of cleaning compositions are formulated. These detergent compositions are prepared in the same manner as the compositions of Example 1.

Component Ä B C D E F G iumCi4-i5Paraffin-

sulfonate 26.0 - - - 15.0 - - CI4-i6parafínsulfonát magnesium - 26.0 - - - - - sodium salt of sulphated coconut alcohol ethoxylated with 3 moles of ethoxylated oxide magnesium salt of sulphated coconut alcohol ethoxylated with 3 moles - - 14.0 - - 15.0 10,0 of ethoxylated oxide - - - 34.0 - - - sodium coconut glyce- - ry1étersu1f onát - - - - 5.0 - - coconut glyceryl ether- magnesium sulfonate - - - - - 5.0 - N-methyl C12-14 fatty acid 15.0 12.0 12.0 15.0 10,0 3.0 10,0 d i methy1dodecylaminox i d 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 2.0 CI2-i4acylamidopropy1- d i methy1betaine - 5.0 - 5.0 - 5.0 - triethanolamine 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 - ethanol 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 - Carbopol 616 ^H - - - - 1.0 - - Carbopol ^R 617 water & blend (dyes, perfume, opacity treatment and similar 2.0 additives) to 100 %

Example 8

An alternative process for preparing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides is as follows.

A reaction mixture containing 84.87 g of fatty acid methyl ester (supplied by Procter & Gambia, methyl ester CE1270) was used. 75.00 g of N-methyl-D-glucamine (supplied by Aldrich Chemical

Company M4700-0), 1.04 g of sodium methoxide (available from Ä1drich Chemical Company 16,499-2) and 68.51 g of methyl alcohol (30% by weight based on the reaction mixture). The reaction vessel has standard return flow equipment, a drying tube, a condenser and a stirring bar. In this process, N-methylgluticamine is mixed with methanol under stirring in an argon atmosphere, and heating is started with good stirring (stirring bar, reflux). After 15-20 minutes the solution is at the desired temperature and the ester and sodium methoxide are added as catalyst. Samples are taken periodically to monitor the progress of the reaction and the solution is completely cleared in 63.5 minutes. It is believed that at this point the reaction is virtually complete. The reaction mixture is maintained at reflux for 4 hours. The reaction mixture obtained weighs 156.16 g. After vacuum drying, the total yield is 106.92 g of granulated purified product, which can be easily crushed into small particles. The percentage yield is not calculated on this basis since sampling during the reaction affects the overall yield. The reaction can be carried out by weight at 80% and 90% concentration of the reactants for up to 6 hours to obtain the product with extremely low by-product formation.

The following is not intended to limit the invention, but merely to further elucidate the technological aspects to be taken into account by one skilled in the art in the manufacture of a wide variety of cleaning compositions using polyhydroxy fatty acid amides.

It is clear that polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are unstable under their highly basic or highly acidic conditions for their amide bonds. Although some decomposition can be tolerated, it is preferred that these materials are not exposed to pH values above 11, preferably above 10 or below 3 for an unsuitable period of time. The pH of the final product (liquid) is generally 7.0 to 9.0.

In the production of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, it is generally necessary to at least partially neutralize the basic catalyst used for the formed amide bonds. Although any acid may be used for this purpose, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is simple and convenient to use acids whose anion is otherwise useful and desirable in the finished detergent composition. For example, citric acid can be used for neutralization and the resulting citrate ion (about 1%) is suspended in about 40% polyhydroxy fatty acid amide and pumped to the next stage of the finished detergent production process. chemicals such as oxydisuccinate, nitrilotriacetate, ethylenediaminetetraacetate and the tartrate / suction system.

The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides derived from coconut fatty acid alkyls (predominantly 12 to 14 carbon atoms) are more soluble than their tallow fatty acid alkyl counterparts (predominantly 16 to 19 carbon atoms). Therefore, the C 12 -C 14 materials are somewhat easier to formulate in liquid compositions and are more soluble in cold water wash solutions. However, materials having 16 to 18 carbon atoms are also good, especially in circumstances where hot to hot water is used in the wash. Therefore, 16 to 18 carbon atoms can be better detergent compositions than their 12 to 14 carbon counterparts. A person skilled in the art can therefore balance the ease of preparation with the useful properties by choosing a particular polyhydroxy fatty acid fatty acid for a particular detergent composition.

It is also noted that the solubility of the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides may be increased depending on the unsaturation and / or branching of the fatty acid moiety. Materials such as polyhydroxy fatty acid amides derived from oleic acid and isostearic acid are also more soluble in their n-alkyl counterparts.

Similarly, the solubility of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides prepared from disaccharides, etc. is generally greater than the solubility of their monosaccharide derived counterparts. This higher solubility can particularly assist in the formulation of liquid compositions. In addition, the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides whose maltose-derived polysaccharides appear to be particularly detergent when used in admixture with conventional alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) surfactants. While not wishing to be limited by theory, it appears that a mixture of LAS with higher carbohydrate polyhydroxyamides derived from higher carbohydrates, such as maltose, exhibits a substantial and unexpected decrease in interfacial tension in the aqueous environment, thereby promoting a cleansing action. (The process for preparing maltose-derived polyhydroxy fatty acid amides is described below.)

Fatty acid polyhydroxyamides can be prepared not only from purified sugars, but also from hydroxylated starches, for example, corn starch, potato starch or other suitable vegetable starch containing the necessary monosaccharides, disaccharides and the like. This is of particular importance from an economic point of view. For example, such high glucose corn syrup, high maltose corn syrup can be used easily and economically. The feedstock for the preparation of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides may also be delignified hydrolyzed pulp.

As mentioned above, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides derived from higher carbohydrates, such as lactose, are much more soluble than they appear to be more soluble polyhydroxyamides to assist to varying degrees of solubilization is, for example, maltose β. In addition, fatty acids may have less soluble counterparts. A person skilled in the art may therefore choose, for example, as a raw material instead of a high glucose corn syrup a syrup containing a small amount of maltose (for example, 1% by weight or more). The polyhydroxy fatty acid mixture obtained generally has more favorable solubility characteristics over a wide range of temperatures and concentrations than pure polyhydroxy fatty acid amide derived from pure glucose. In addition to the economic advantages of using sugar blends over pure sugar, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides prepared from sugar blends also have the advantages of easy handling during manufacture. In some cases, however, there is a decrease in fat removal (at dishwashing) at a fatty acid maltaraid concentration above about 25% and some foaming losses at a concentration above about 33% (a percentage of maltamide-derived polyhydroxy fatty acid amides compared to polyhydroxy fatty acid amides derived from glucose). Some variations are possible depending on the chain length of the fatty acid moiety. A worker in the field can; to choose those mixtures which it considers preferred for polyhydroxy fatty acid amides having a ratio of monosaccharides (e.g. glucose) to disaccharides and higher carbohydrates (e.g. maltose) of about 4 L to about 99 L.

The preparation of preferred non-cyclized fatty acid polyhydroxyamides from fatty acid esters and N-alkyl polyols can be carried out in alcoholic solvents at a temperature of about 30 to about 90 ° C, preferably about 50 to 80 ° C. It has now been found that it may be convenient for the person skilled in the art to work, for example, in the preparation of liquid detergents in a 1,2-propylene glycol solvent, since the glycol solvent may not be completely removed from the reaction product prior to use to prepare the finished pure composition. Similarly, it is appropriate for those skilled in the art to prepare a solid, generally granulated, detergent composition at a temperature of 30 to 90 ° C in solvents containing ethoxylated alcohols, for example ethoxylated (E 3 - 8) alcohols having 12 to 14 carbon atoms, a commercial product of NEODOL 23 E06.5 (Shell). When ethoxylates are used, it is preferred that they do not contain a substantial amount of the non-ethoxylated alcohol and, in particular, do not contain a substantial amount of the monoethoxylated alcohol (designation · _T) .

Although methods for preparing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides per se are not within the scope of the present invention, further possibilities for preparing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are recalled and are described below.

Generally, the industrial scale reaction process for preparing preferably acyclic polyhydroxy fatty acid amides comprises the following steps: Step 1. - Preparation of an N-alkyl polyhydroxyamine derivative from the desired sugar or sugar mixture by forming an adduct of N-alkylamine and sugar, followed by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. Step 2. Reaction of the aforementioned polyhydroxyamine preferably with a fatty acid ester to form an amide bond. Although a variety of N-alkyl polyhydroxyamines are suitable for the step 2 reaction process, sugar syrups are suitable for the process and for economic reasons. The best results when using such syrups as raw material are obtained by selecting syrups which are light in color or preferably colorless (water white).

Preparation of N-alkyl polyhydroxyamine from sugar syrup obtained from plants.

I. Adduct preparation

According to the standard method, about 420 g of about 55% glucose solution (corn syrup - about 231 g glucose - about 1.28 moles) of Gardner color less than 1 is reacted with about 119 g of about 50% aqueous methylamine solution (59.5 g). methylamine (1.92 mol). The methylamine (MMfl) solution is purged with nitrogen and cooled to about 10 ° C or below. Corn syrup is poured and nitrogen is introduced at a temperature of about 10 to 20 ° C. Corn syrup is added slowly to the methylamine solution at the above reaction temperature. The Gardner color number is measured at the following time intervals, expressed in minutes.

Table I

Time in minutes 10 30 60 120 180 240 Reaction temperature ° C Gardner color ( pribiižne ) 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 20 1 1 - 1 1 1 30 1 1 2 2 4 5 50 4 6 10 - - -

From the above, it is apparent that

The Gardner dye for the adduct is much worse when the temperature rises above 30 ° C and at approximately ° C the time the Gardner adduct has a color below is only minutes.

For the next reaction and / or residence time, the temperature should be less than about 20 ° C. The Gardner color should be less than that of white 7 and preferably less than about 4 to obtain a good glucamine color.

When a lower temperature is used to form an adduct, the time to reach equilibrium adduct concentration is reduced by using a higher amine to sugar ratio. At a molar ratio of 1.5 L of amine to sugar, equilibrium is reached in about two hours at a reaction temperature of about 30 ° C. At the molar ratio

1.2 ^: 1 under the same conditions is at least about three hours. For good color, a combination of the amine to sugar ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time to achieve a substantially equilibrium conversion, for example greater than about 90%, preferably greater than about 95% and even greater than about 99 based on sugar and adduct color, is chosen. which is less than about 7, preferably less than about 4, and particularly less than about 1.

In the above process, the reaction temperature is less than about 20 ° C and corn syrup of different Gardner color and MMA adduct color (after reaching essentially equilibrium in at least two hours) is shown in Table II.

Table II corn syrup adduct

Gardner Color (Approx.)

1 1 1 1+ 0 0 0+ 3 4/5 7/8 7/8 1 2 1

As can be seen from the table, the starting sugar must be almost colorless to produce an acceptable adduct. If the sugar has a Gardner number of about 1, the adduct is sometimes acceptable, sometimes unacceptable. If the Gardner number is above 1, the adduct obtained is unacceptable, the better the initial color of the sugar, the better the color of the adduct.

II. Reaction with hydrogen

The adduct obtained by the above process and with Gardner color 1 or less is hydrogenated by the following process;

Approximately 539 g of the adduct in water and about 23.1 of the G49B nickel catalyst (United Catalysts) were charged to a one liter autoclave and purged twice with 20 psi hydrogen at 20 ° C. The hydrogen pressure is increased to 9660 kPa and the temperature is raised to 50 ° C. The overpressure is raised to 110 mm Hg and the temperature is maintained at 50-55 ° C for three hours. At this point the product is hydrogenated from 95 ^? The temperature is then raised to about 85 ° C for about 30 minutes and the reaction mixture is decanted and the catalyst is filtered off. Water and methylamine are removed from the product by evaporation to give 95% N-methylglucamine as a white powder.

The above process is repeated with about 23.1 g of Raney nickel catalyst as follows. The catalyst is washed three times and the reactor with the catalyst in the reactor is purged twice with hydrogen at a pressure of 1380 kPa, after which the hydrogen pressure in the autoclave is adjusted to 11040 kPa for two hours, relieved in one hour and repressurised in the reactor.

040 kPa. The adduct is then pumped to a reactor at a hydrogen overpressure of 1380 kPa and a temperature of 20 ° C and the reactor is purged with hydrogen at a pressure of 1380 kPa, which is repeated.

In any case, the resulting product is more than 95% of N-methylglucamine, which contains less than 10 ppm of nickel relative to the globulin, and which has a Gardner color lower than

Second

Crude N-methylglucamine is color stable under short term exposure to temperatures up to about 140 ° C. It is important to obtain a good adduct with a low sugar content (less than about 5%, preferably less than about 1%) and a good color (Gardner number less than about 7, preferably less than about 4, and especially less than about 1).

In another method, the adduct is prepared from about 159 g approximately

50% methylamine in water, which is nitrogen at a temperature of about 10 to 20 ° C. Approximately 330 g approximately

70% corn syrup (almost white water) was degassed with nitrogen at about 50 ° C and added to the methylamine solution at a temperature below about 20 ° C.

The solution is mixed for about 30% 95% adduct, which is very light yellow

About 190 g of this adduct in minutes to obtain an approximately solution.

in water and about 9 g of the GE9B nickel catalyst (United Catalyst) was charged into a 200 ml autoclave and purged three times with hydrogen at about 20 ° C. The hydrogen pressure is raised to about 1380 kPa and the temperature is raised to about 50 ° C. The pressure is raised to 1715 kPa and the temperature is maintained at about 50 to 55 ° C for three hours. The temperature of the product, which is hydrogenated to about 95%, is increased to about 85 ° C for about 30 minutes and the product after removal of water and evaporation is about 95% N-methylglucamine as a white powder.

It is also important to minimize the contact of the adduct and the catalyst under a hydrogen pressure of less than 6.9 MPa to minimize the nickel content of the glucamine. The nickel content of N-methylglucamine in this reaction is approximately 100 ppm compared to less than 10 ppm in the previous reaction.

The following reactions with hydrogen are performed to directly compare the effect of the reaction temperature.

An 200 ml autoclave is used in a typical process similar to that described above for the preparation of the adduct and the reaction with hydrogen is carried out at different temperatures.

The adduct for the preparation of the glucamine is prepared by mixing approximately 420 g of an approximately 55% glucose solution (corn syrup) (231 g glucose, 1.28 moles) (prepared using 99DE corn syrup from CafBill, the solution has a Gardner color number of less than 1). ) and about 119 g of 50% methylamine (59.5 g MMA, 1.92 moles) (from Air Products). The reaction is carried out as follows -

(1) Charge about 119 g of a 50% methylamine solution into a nitrogen shielded nitrogen purged reactor and cool to less than about 10 ° C,

2) degassing and / or flushing the 55% corn syrup solution at 10 to 20 ° C with nitrogen to remove oxygen from the solution;

(3) slowly add the corn syrup solution to the methylamine solution and maintain the temperature below about 20 ° C;

4) when all the corn syrup solution is added, stir for one to two hours.

The adduct is used to react with hydrogen directly as it is produced or after storage at low temperature to prevent degradation.

The reaction of the glutamine adduct is carried out as follows:

1) Approximately 134 g of adduct (Gardner color number less than 1) and about 5.8 g of G 49B nickel catalyst are introduced into a 200 ml autoclave.

2.> the reaction mixture is purged with hydrogen at a pressure of about 1380 kPa twice at 20-30 ° C,

(3) The hydrogen pressure is increased to approximately 2760 kPa and the temperature is increased to approximately 50 ° C.

(4) The pressure is raised to about 3.45 MPa, the reaction is allowed to run for three hours, maintaining the temperature at about 50-55 ° C, and sampling 1 is taken.

(5) The temperature is raised to approximately 85 ° C for approximately 30 m.

Decant and filter the catalyst, sample 2 is taken.

The conditions for a constant temperature reaction are as follows:

(1) About 134 g of adduct and about 5.8 g of nickel catalyst are charged into a 200 ml autoclave,

2) purging the reaction mixture with hydrogen at about 10 psig

In L twice at low temperature,

(3) The hydrogen pressure is increased to approximately 2760 kPa and the temperature is increased to approximately 50 ° C.

4) the pressure is increased to about 3.45 MPa, the reaction is allowed to run for three and a half hours while maintaining the temperature as above;

5) decant and filter the catalyst. Sample 3 corresponds to about 50-55 ° C, sample 4 corresponds to about 75 ° C, and sample 5 corresponds to about 85 ° C. (The reaction time for about 85 ° C is about 45 minutes.)

All proses provide N-methylglucamine of similar purity (approximately 94¾) and a similar Gardner color number. However, only a two-stage heat treatment provides good color fastness and at a reaction temperature of 85 ° C there is only a slight coloration immediately after the reaction.

Example 9. The tallow (hardened) N-methylmaltamine fatty acid amide for use in detergent compositions is prepared as follows:

Stage 1: Reagents: Maltose (Aldrich, lot. · 01318KV), methylamine (40¾ solution in water) (Aldrich, lot 03325TM), Raney nickel, 50¾ suspension (UAD 52-731), Aldrich, lot 12921LV).

The reactants were introduced into a glass cartridge (250 g of maltose, 428 g of methylamine solution, 1200 g of catalyst suspension - 50 g of Raney nickel) and the cartridge was placed in a 3 liter fluctuating autoclave which was purged with nitrogen (3 psig). , three times) and hydrogen (overpressure 3.45 MPa, twice) and the autoclave fluctuates in a hydrogen atmosphere at 28-50 ° C over the weekend. The crude reaction mixture was filtered under vacuum twice through a microfiber glass microfiber filter. The filtrate was concentrated to give a viscous material. The final traces of water are removed azeotropically by dissolving the material in methanol and then removing the methanol / water system on a rotary evaporator. Final drying is carried out under high vacuum. The crude product was dissolved in refluxing methanol, filtered off, cooled to crystallize, filtered off and the filter cake was dried under vacuum at 35 ° C. This is section # 1. The filtrate is concentrated until precipitation begins and stored in a refrigerator overnight. The solid was filtered off and dried in vacuo. This is section # 2. The filtrate is again concentrated to half its volume and crystallization occurs. A very small amount of precipitate is formed.

A small amount of ethanol is added and the solution is left in the freezer over the weekend.

The solid material was filtered off and dried in vacuo.

The combined solids contain

N-methylmaltamine used in step 2.

Step 2.- Reagents: N-methylmaltamine (from step 1), hardened tallow methyl esters, sodium methoxide ¢ 25¾ solution in methanol), absolute methanol (solvent) 1 ^: 1 amine: ester molar ratio, initial catalyst concentration 10% mole (based on the weight of maltamine) is increased to 20 mol%, the solvent concentration by weight 50%.

In a sealed flask, 20.36 g of tallow methyl ester is heated to its melting point (in a water bath) and transferred to a 250 ml three-necked round-bottomed flask with mechanical stirring. Heat the flask to 75 to prevent ester solidification. Separately, 25.0 g of N-methylamine is mixed with 45.36 g of methanol and the suspension obtained is added to the tallow fatty acid ester with good stirring. 1.51 g of 25¾ sodium methoxide in methanol is added. After four hours, the reaction mixture did not clear, so that an additional 10 ¾ mol of catalyst (to a total of 20 ¾ mol) was added and the reaction was allowed to proceed overnight (approximately? 68 ° C), after which the mixture became clear. The reaction flask is then adjusted for distillation. The temperature was raised to 110 ° C. Distillation at ambient pressure was continued for 60 minutes. High vacuum distillation is then started for 14 minutes, at which time the product becomes highly dense. The product is left in the reaction flask at 110 ° C (outside temperature) for 60 minutes. The product is removed from the flask and triturated in ethyl ether over the weekend. The ether is removed on a rotary evaporator and the product is stored in an oven overnight and ground to a powder. Any residual N-methylamine is removed from the product using silica gel. The silica gel slurry in 100¾ methanol is added to a funnel and washed several times with 100¾ methanol. A concentrated sample of the product (20 g in 100 mL of 100¾ methanol) was loaded onto silica gel and eluted several times under vacuum and washed several times with methanol. The collected eluent was evaporated to dryness (rotary evaporator). Any fatty acid ester was removed by trituration in ethyl acetate overnight and filtered. The filter cake is dried under vacuum overnight. The product is tallow alkyl N-methyl maltamide.

In a modified step 1 process, the above reaction process may be carried out using a commercial corn syrup containing glucose or a mixture of glucose and typically 5 ¾ or more maltose. The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides obtained and the compositions can be used in any detergent.

In another method, step 2 of the above reaction may be carried out in 1,2-propyl glycol or NEODOL. At the worker's discretion, propylene glycol or NEODOL need not be removed from the reaction product prior to its use prior to its use in formulating the detergent composition. Again, at the discretion of the worker, the methoxide catalyst can be neutralized with citric acid to form sodium citrate, which does not need to be separated from the polyhydroxy fatty acid amide.

Example 10 A-D

The following examples illustrate light hollow cleaning compositions which are particularly suitable for washing dishes and for cleaning other hard surfaces. According to Examples A to D, it contains a surfactant? various alkylethoxysulfate surfactants using standard technology and referred to briefly to indicate their intermediate degree of ethoxylation. Thus, the designation C12-13 (E0 (0.68) sulphate denotes a sulphated mixed alcohol fraction with 12 to 13 lattices of carbon with an average degree of ethoxylation of 0.8. These anionic ethoxy sulphates are preferably used in the form of their sodium or ammonium salts. By β-amine oxide is meant a mixed dimethylamine oxide having a medium carbon atom circulation of 12 to 13.

The designation C12-14AP betaine means

C12Z14H25Z29CONH (CH _{2) 3} N ⁺ (CH ₃₎ 2 CH ₂ CO 2 H

The designation C12-14AP sultaine means

C1 2 z 4 H2 5 Z2 9 CONH (CH 2) 3 N-CH ₃ ) ₂ CH ₂ CH (OH) CH ₂ SO ₃ H

I

The designation C12-14DM betaine means

T í

C12 Zl 4H25Z2 9 ^N-C _{CH3) 2} CH 2 CO 2 H

An ethoxylated nonionic surfactant, designated

C9-11ECK8) means alcohols having 9 to C atoms ethoxylated with an average of 8 moles of ethylene oxide. Ca ^{4 4} and Mg ^{4 +} cations are generally introduced in the form of calcium or magnesium chloride. Balance is understood to be 100% water and the citrate / propylene glycol system in the glucamide surfactant (1-5%) and 1-3% of the cumene sulfonate or xylene sulfonate hydrotropic agent. The pH is generally 6.8 to 7.4 (NH- ¹⁴ (salts)).

Component Weight Quantity (¾)

A B C D CI2-I4N-methyl, 11.0 8.0 12.7 9.0 Cl 2 and the _3-EO (0.8) sulfate - 16.0 10,0 9.0 Cl2-i4E0 (3) sulfate 11.0 - 2.7 14.0 Cl2-i3E0 (6.5) sulfate - - - 3.0 C12-14 AP betaine - - 2.0 - C12-14 AP sultain - - - 1.0 C12-13 amine oxide 2.5 - - 1.0 C12-14 DM betaine - 2.0 - - C9-11 0.5 8.0 7.0 - Ca ⁺⁺ - - 0.5 1.0 Mg ⁺⁺ 0.9 0.25 - - balance to 100 %

Although the action of magnesium ions is most important in liquid dishwashing compositions, the following example illustrates the use of magnesium sulfate in the granular composition.

Example 11

Granular detergent, suitable for use in relatively high concentrations in front-load automatic washing machines, used especially in Europe, is suitable for a wide temperature range.

Component Weight Quantity (¾)

SOKALAN CP5 ¢ 100¾ active as Na salt) ¹ 3.52 DEQUEST 2066 ¢ 100¾ active as acid) ² 0.45 TINOPAL DMS ³ 0.28 magnesium sulfate 0.49 Zeolite A (anhydrous) 17.92 carboxymethylcellulose (100¾ active) ⁴ 0.47 sodium carbonate 0.44 citric acid 3.50 SKS-6 12.90 tallow alkyl sulfate (100¾ active. Per salt) 2.82 C14-15 alkyl sulphate (100¾ active. Per salt) 3:50 012-15 alkyl (E0 (3)) sulfate 1.76 016-18 N-methylglucamide 4.10 DOBANOL 012-15 E0 3.54 LIPOLASE (100000 LU / g) ⁵ 0.42 SAVINASE (4.0 KNPU) ⁶ 0.65 perfume 0.53 X2-3419 0.22 starch 1.08 steary1a1koho1 0.35 Paints of peroxycarbonate (coated) 22,30 tetraethylenediamine (TAED) 5.90 zinc phthalocyanine 0.02 water (ex zeolite) up to 100 ¾

¹ SOKALAN is sodium polyacrylate / maleate Hoechst pentafosfonomety1diétyléntriamin ^{2 3} Monsanto optical brighteners Ciba Geigy product FINNFIS ⁴ of Metasaliton ⁵ LIPOLASE lipolytic enzyme of ⁶ Novo Savinase protease enzymes of Novo ⁷ X2-3419 is a 1-silicone antifoaming agent of Dow

Corning

The process for preparing granules includes, for example, various drying in granules

tower, agglomeration, admixture by weight. dryness. Percent are meant A. Crushed and spray-dried Using conventional methods, the reaction is carried out Crushed and spray dried: SOKALAN CP5 3,52 ¾ DEQUEST 2066 0.45 % TINOPAL DMS 0.28 % magnesium sulfate 0.42 Ay Zeolite A in anhydrous form 7.10 % karboxymety1ce1u1óza 0.47 %

B. Agglomerates of surfactants

BI. Agglomeration of pastes of sodium tallow alkyl sulfate and sodium salt of C12-15E3) sulphate

50¾ active tallow alkyl sulphate paste and 70¾ C12-15E0 (3) sulphate sodium paste are agglomerated with sodium according to the formulation (additive to dry the agglomerate) tallow alkyl sulphate with zeolite A and detergent carbonate after

2.40

C12-15ĽO (3) sulfate

Zeolite A

1.18

5.30

Axis sodium carbonate

4.50 ¾ 'O

B2. C14-C15 alkyl sulfate agglomerate, C12-C12 alkyl ethoxy sulfate, C12-isE0 (3) Dobanol, and C16-Cg N-methylglucosamide.

Glucosamide nonionic material having 16 to 18 carbon atoms is synthesized? with Dobanol (C12-15E13) contained during the reaction of the methyl ester and N-methylglucamine.

C12-15ECK3) acts as a melting point depressant, allowing the reaction to proceed without the formation of undesired cyclic glucosamides.

Prepare a surfactant mixture of 20% Dobanol C12-15EO (3) and 80¾ N-methylglucosamide having 16 to 18 carbon atoms and coagglomerate with 10% sodium carbonate.

Said particles are then coagglomerated with a highly active (70 ') sodium paste of C 14 -C 15 alkyl sulfate, Dobanol C 12 -EE (3), Zeolite A, and extra sodium carbonate. The particles obtained exhibit good cold water solubility of N-methylglucosamide having 16 to 18 carbon atoms.

The mixture of these particles (added to the composition after drying the agglomerate) has the following composition:

C16-18 N-methylglucosamide 4.10 ¾ Dobanol C12-15 E0 0.94 ¾ sodium carbonate 4.94 % Zeolite A 5.30 • * 0 To C14-15 alkyl sulphate 3.50 'b For C12-15 E0 (3) sulphate 0.59 ABOUT C. Dry ingredients The following ingredients are added sodium percarbonate 22,30 • x> TAED (tetraacetylethylenediamine) 5.90 * 0 SKS 6 silicate from Hoechst 12.90 -ABOUT citric acid 3.50 Lipolase 0.42 % 100000 LU / -Í SAVINASE 4.0 KNPU 1.65 % Zinc phthalocyanine (bleach) 0.02 % D. Injection • DOBANOL C12-15 E0 2.60 •about perfume 0.53 E. Suds suppressant Si 1 icon suppressor foaming X2-3419 (95 to ¹

high molecular weight linear silicone, 3 to 5¾ hydrophobic silica, Dow Corning) is coagglomerated with Zeolite A (particle size 2-5 microns), starch and stearyl alcohol binder.

These particles have the following composition:

Zeo1 i t A 0.22% starch 1.08% X2-3419 0,22% with teary1a1koho1 0.35%

The prepared detergent has excellent solubility. higher performance and excellent foam control when used in European washing machines. for example, using 85 g of AEG detergent for 30 ° C wash cycles. Deň: 32 ° C. 60 ° C and 90 ° C.

Example 12

In all of the preceding examples, the fatty acid glucamide surfactant can be replaced with an equivalent amount of a maltamide surfactant or a surfactant glucamide / maltamide surfactant mixture derived from natural sugar sources. In the cleaning compositions of the present invention, the use of ethanolamide appears to help maintain cold stability of the finished cleaning compositions. In addition, the use of sulfobetaine and / or amine oxide active agents exhibits increased foaming.

The following examples illustrate other liquid formulations (both as above, containing magnesium and calcium ions) that are of the light type for purposes such as dishwashing. Example 13 A to D

component Ä weight B number C (%) D C 12-14 alkyl ethoxy sulfate (1 E0) 16.0 9.0 12.0 - C12-14 Alkylethoxysulfate (3 EO) - 14.0 - 11.0 C 10 alkyl ethoxylate (8 EO) 7.0 3.0 7.0 1.0 L12-14 N-methylglucamide 8.0 9.0 12.0 6.0 coconut diethanolamide - - - 5.0 d imethy1dodecyaminox i d - 1.0 - 2.0 cocoampropylhydroxysulfin - 1.0 3.0 - kokoamidopropy1betaín 2.0 - - > Mg ⁺⁺ - - 1.0 1.0 Ca ⁺⁺ 0.5 1.0 - nátr1umto1uénsu1fonát 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 ethanol 4.0 4.0 4.0 4,0 ¹ Water to 100 %

For detergents where high foaming is desired (e.g., in the case of dishwashing detergents), it is preferred that they contain less than about 5, preferably mane, about about 2, in particular, that they contain no C 14 or more fatty acids because these fatty acids suppress foaming. Therefore, those skilled in the art, in the case of high suds cleaners, avoid introducing an amount of such fatty acids.

suds suppressors, into high suds cleaners containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and / or avoid the formation of C 14 or more fatty acids upon storage of the finished detergent compositions of the invention. A simple method is to use 12-carbon ester reagents to prepare polyhydroxy fatty acid amides. Fortunately, the use of amine oxide or sulfobetaine surfactants can prevent the negative effects on foaming caused by fatty acids.

A person skilled in the art intending to add anionic brighteners to liquid cleaning compositions containing relatively high concentrations (e.g., 10% or greater) of anionic or polyanionic substituents, such as polycarboxylate builders, may find it beneficial to prepare the optical brightener premix with water and the like. polyhydroxy fatty acid amide, and then introducing the premix into the finished detergent composition.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that the preparation of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides using disaccharides and higher carbohydrates.

as maltose, leads to the formation of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, wherein the linear substituent Z is protected by a polyhydroxy ring structure. Such materials are fully included within the scope of the invention and therefore do not depart from the scope of the invention.

Industrial usability

Detergents comprising at least one anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactant, at least one polyhydroxy fatty acid amide or alkoxylated daferiyate and magnesium in a molar amount corresponding to 0.1 to 2.0 moles with respect to the anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactant are prove to be dishwashing agents.

Claims (20)

CLAIMS 1. A detergent composition comprising from 5% to 65% by weight of a surfactant mixture comprising: (a) from 5 to 95% of one or more anionic sulphated or sulphonated surfactants; and b) from about 5 to about 95% of one or more polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of formula I (I) Where R2 is R ^{@ 1} is hydrogen, C1 -C4 hydrocarbon. A 2-hydroxyethyl group, a 2-hydroxypropyl group, or a mixture thereof R ² hydrocarbon group of 5-31 carbon atoms, and A linear hydrocarbon chain polyhydroxy hydrocarbon group having at least three hydroxyl groups directly bonded to the chain or an alkoxylated derivative thereof; and a magnesium ion in a molar amount corresponding to 0.1 x 2.0. where x is the number of moles of anionic sulphate of another or sulphonic surfactant contained in the detergent composition. Liquid cleaning composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains from 10 to 50% by weight of the surfactant mixture and from 90 to 50 by weight of liquid carrier and magnesium ion in a molar amount of 0.2 to 1.7 times, where x is as defined in claim 1. ? 3. A detergent composition as claimed in claim 2, comprising 20 to 80% by weight of an anionic sulfate surfactant mixture and 20 to 80% by weight of polyhydroxy fatty acid amide. A cleaning composition according to claim 3, characterized in that it contains water or a mixture of water and a monovalent alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms as a liquid carrier. 5. A detergent composition according to claim 4, wherein in formula (I), R &lt; ¹ &gt; is alkyl of up to 2 carbon atoms and R &lt; ² &gt; is straight chain alkyl or alkenyl of 9 to 17 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof. A detergent composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition is:. that in formula I, Z is a group derived from maltose. 7. A detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein Z is a moiety derived from mixtures of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and optionally higher carbohydrates, containing at least 1% by weight of at least one disaccharide, preferably maltose. 8. A detergent composition according to claim 1, comprising an additional betaine or sultaine surfactant or a mixture thereof. » 9. A detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is a. comprising one or more anionic surface ^J of the active agent from the group consisting po1yetylénoxidové, polypropylene oxide, and polybutylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, the alkyl ethoxylate condensation products of aliphatic alkololov with ethylene oxide, condensation products of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol, a condensation product of ethylene oxide with the product of reaction of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine propyls, alkylpolysacliarides, preferably alkylpolysaccharides having a hydrophobic moiety of 6 to 30 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide hydrophilic moiety containing 1,3 to 10 carbohydrate units and fatty acid amides and mixtures thereof i. A cleaning composition according to claim 9, characterized in that: The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises an additional betaine or suite surfactant or a mixture thereof. 11. A detergent composition according to claim 1, comprising an additional weight of 2 to 7% hydrotropic agent. 12. A detergent composition according to claim 11, comprising 40 to 60% by weight of anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactants and 40 to 60% by weight of polyhydroxy fatty acid amide. A cleaning composition according to claim 12, characterized in with that. that It contains polyhydroxy fatty acid of of of formula 0 I i ch ₃ I R ² 1 1 1 N - ch ₂ - z wherein R ^{2 is an} alkyl or alkenyl group of 11 to 17 carbon atoms and Z is a moiety derived from glucose, maltose or mixtures thereof and a hydrotropic agent selected from sodium toluene sulfonate, potassium toluene sulfonate, sodium oxylenesulfonate. potassium oxylene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate, potassium cumene sulfonate, and tricalium sulfosuccinate. 14. A detergent composition according to claim 13 wherein Z is a maltose group in the general formula. 15. A detergent composition according to claim 13, wherein in formula I Z is a moiety derived from a mixture of monosaccharides, disaccharides and, optionally, higher carbohydrates, containing at least 1% by weight of at least one disaccharide, preferably maltose. 16. A method of washing dirty dishes by introducing a customs duty vessel into contact with an aqueous solution containing a detergent composition according to claim 1 to 15, wherein the aqueous bath comprises an effective amount of a surfactant mixture comprising by weight. (a) from 5 to 95% of one or more anionic cross - linked surfactants; and b) from about 5 to about 95% of one or more polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of formula I 0 R ¹ II R2 - _c - H - Z where is R ¹ is H, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, A 2-hydroxyethyl group, a 2-hydroxypropyl group, or a mixture thereof R ² hydrocarbon group of 5-31 carbon atoms, and Z is a linear hydrocarbon chain polyhydroxy hydrocarbon group having at least three hydroxyl groups directly bonded to the chain, preferably N-methylglucamide having 11 to 17 carbon atoms, N-methylmaltamide having 11 to 17 carbon atoms or a mixture of glucamide and maltamide groups or an alkoxylated derivative thereof and from a magnesium ion in a molar amount corresponding to 0.1 x 2.0 x, where x is the number of moles of anionic sulfated or sulfonic surfactant contained in the cleaning composition. 17. A process according to claim 16, wherein in formula I Z is a moiety derived from mixed monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides from plant sources. A process according to claim 16, wherein in formula I, R ^{2 is an} alkyl or alkene / C 15 -C 17 alkyl group or a mixture thereof. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that. wherein the cleaning composition comprises an additional betaine or sultaine surfactant or a mixture thereof. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the method is as follows. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning agent is substantially free of suds suppressing the amount of fatty acids having 14 or more carbon atoms.