SI9620019A - Free mineral fibre centrifuging method and device - Google Patents
Free mineral fibre centrifuging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- SI9620019A SI9620019A SI9620019A SI9620019A SI9620019A SI 9620019 A SI9620019 A SI 9620019A SI 9620019 A SI9620019 A SI 9620019A SI 9620019 A SI9620019 A SI 9620019A SI 9620019 A SI9620019 A SI 9620019A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
- C03B37/05—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor by projecting molten glass on a rotating body having no radial orifices
- C03B37/055—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor by projecting molten glass on a rotating body having no radial orifices by projecting onto and spinning off the outer surface of the rotating body
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/12—General methods of coating; Devices therefor
- C03C25/14—Spraying
- C03C25/146—Spraying onto fibres in suspension in a gaseous medium
Abstract
Description
ISO VER SAINT-GOBAINISO VER SAINT-GOBAIN
Postopek in priprava za prosto centrifugiranje mineralnih vlakenProcedure and preparation for free spinning of mineral fibers
Izum se nanaša na postopke za izdelovanje mineralnih vlaken, ki se jim pravi zunanje centrifugiranje ali prosto centrifugiranje, in bolj podrobno obravnava pihanje, ki je namenjeno potiskanju vlaken in dovajanju veziva, kijih povezuje med seboj.The invention relates to processes for the manufacture of mineral fibers, called external centrifugation or free centrifugation, and relates in more detail to blowing intended for pushing fibers and supplying a binder that interconnects with one another.
Izum obravnava postopke za izdelovanje kamene volne, ki je npr. namenjena, da služi kot izhodiščni material za termično in/ali akustično izolirne izdelke. Bolj podrobno se izum nanaša na izpopolnitev postopka za vlečenje vlaken iz snovi, ki se lahko razvleče pri visokem tališču, npr. kot so bazaltno steklo, žlindre iz visokih peči ali drugi ekvivalentni materiali, po katerem se material, ki ga je treba potegniti v vlakna, razlije v raztaljenem stanju po obodnem pasu centrifugirnih obročev, ki se vrtijo, je pospešena s temi obroči, se od njih odlepi in se delno pretvori v vlakna pod vplivom centrifugalne sile, plinski tok, ki izhaja tangencialno na obodnem pasu obročev in ločuje tako stvorjena vlakna od snovi, ki se ni potegnila v vlakna, ter jih potiska proti sprejemnemu mestu.The invention relates to methods for making stone wool, e.g. intended to serve as a starting material for thermal and / or acoustically insulating products. More specifically, the invention relates to the refinement of a process for pulling fibers from a substance that can be stretched at a high melting point, e.g. such as basalt glass, blast furnace slag or other equivalent materials whereby the material to be pulled into the fibers is molten in a molten state along the circumferential band of the spinning rings which are rotated, accelerated by these rings it peels off and is partially converted into fibers under the influence of centrifugal force, a gas stream which flows tangentially to the circumferential band of the rings and separates the fibers thus created from the non-fiber material and pushes them towards the receiving site.
Postopek za vlečenje vlaken, ki je bil zgoraj v kratkem orisan, je npr. poznan iz evropskih patentnih prijav 59 152 in 195 725, se izključno nanaša na prosto centrifugiranje, kar hkrati pomeni, da raztaljeno steklo ni razdeljeno v vrsto elementarnih manjših količin - notranje centrifugiranje - niti ni podvrženo plinskemu vlečenju s tokom plina pri povišani temeperaturi in hitrosti. Ta postopek za vlečenje vlaken je zelo uporaben, predvsem ker je praktično edini, ki se lahko uporablja pri pogojih, ki so zanimivi z ekonomskega stališča za materiale, kot so bazaltne žlindre, ki so značilne po temperaturah tališča, ki so bistveno višje kot le-te za običajna natrij in kalcij vsebujoča stekla.The process for pulling fibers, which was briefly outlined above, is e.g. known from European Patent Applications 59 152 and 195 725, refers exclusively to free centrifugation, which means that the molten glass is not divided into a series of elementary smaller quantities - internal centrifugation - nor subjected to gas draw with gas flow at elevated temperature and speed. This process of fiber drawing is very useful, especially since it is practically the only one that can be used under conditions of economic interest for materials such as basalt slag, characterized by melting points that are significantly higher than these for normal sodium and calcium containing glasses.
V tem postopku za vlečenje vlaken so vlakna transportirana izven neposredne soseščine stroja za vlečenje vlaken s pomočjo tangencialnega plinskega toka, ki se oddaja na obodu centrifugirnih obročev v smeri, ki je v bistvu vzporedna z osmi obročev; pospeševanje s strani centrifugirnih obročev, ki ga doživijo delci, ki se niso pretvorili v vlakna in so vedno prisotni med vlakni, podeli zadostno hitrost, da obodni plinski tok nima znatnega vpliva na trajektorijo teh delcev, kar vodi do ločevanja od vlaken, ki pa se po drugi strani odklonijo zaradi njihove manjše gostote in njihove manjše hitrosti.In this fiber-drawing process, the fibers are transported outside the immediate neighborhood of the fiber-drawing machine by means of a tangential gas stream emitted at the circumference of the centrifugal rings in a direction substantially parallel to the eight rings; acceleration by centrifugal rings experienced by particles that have not converted to fibers and are always present between the fibers gives sufficient velocity that the circumferential gas flow does not significantly affect the trajectory of these particles, leading to separation from the fibers, which in turn on the other hand, they decline because of their lower density and lower speed.
Izum se nanaša na pripravo, ki ustreza pripravi, ki je opisana v evropskem patentnem spisu EP-B 439 385. Ta priprava obsega vrsto entrifugirnih obročev, ki so nameščeni v skladu z razporeditvijo, ki razmešča njihove obodne površine drugo blizu drugi, jih poganjajo do hitrega vrtenja motorji, ki so nameščeni ob strani izven sklopa, ki ga tvori vrsta centrifugirnih obročev, in ki poganjajo omenjene obroče preko mehanskih prenosnih sredstev, ki so razporejena tako, da sproščajo področje v bližini vrste centrifugirnih obročev. Dva zaporedna obroča na poti materiala, ki ga je treba potegniti v vlakna, se vrtita v nasprotnem smislu in dovajanje raztaljenega materiala se izvaja tako, da se pusti, da se razlije po zunanji površini prvega centrifugirnega obroča in prvo pihalno sredstvo ustvarja okoli vrste centrifugirnih obročev plinski tok, ki je vzporeden z rotacijskimi osmi omenjenih centrifugirnih obročev, in drugo pihalno sredstvo ustvarja pomožni plinski tok v razdalji od centrifugirnih obročev in v bistvu v isti smeri kot osnovni plinski tok.The invention relates to a device corresponding to the device described in European Patent Document EP-B 439 385. This device comprises a series of entrifuging rings arranged in accordance with a arrangement that disposes their circumferential surfaces close to each other and drives them to rapid rotation motors positioned side-by-side outside the assembly formed by a series of centrifugal rings and which drive said rings through mechanical means arranged to release an area near a series of centrifuge rings. Two successive rings in the path of the material to be drawn into the fibers are rotated in the opposite sense and the melted material is fed by allowing it to spill over the outer surface of the first centrifuge ring and create the first blower around a series of centrifuge rings a gas stream parallel to the rotational axes of said centrifuge rings and the second blower generates an auxiliary gas stream at a distance from the centrifuge rings and substantially in the same direction as the base gas stream.
Priprave predhodno opisane vrste so opremljene z napajalnimi sistemi za tekoče vezivo, ki naj po sušenju in/ali polimerizaciji mehansko poveže vlakna drugo z drugim, da se stvori blazina iz vlaken.The preparations of the type described above are provided with liquid binder feed systems which, after drying and / or polymerization, should mechanically connect the fibers to one another to form a fiber cushion.
Kočljiv problem je v porazdelitvi veziva v notranjosti blazine. Da se razporedi vezivo in porazdeli na homogen način med vlakni, je bilo predlaganih več postopkov. Evropski patent EP-B 59 152 tako predlaga uvajanje tekočega veziva v sredino centrifugirnih obročev in, da se pusti vezivo, da ga centrifugalna sila iztisne in izstopi iz obročaste špranje do določene razdalje od oboda obroča. Tako iztisnjene kapljice veziva radialno zadanejo ob vlakna, ki so izvržena, le-ta pa vzporedno z osjo obroča. Ta sistem je zelo učinkovit, vendar ima svoje meje. Po eni strani pridelek ni največji, to se pravi, da delež veziva, ki se dejansko uporabi, je občutno manjši od 100 %. Dejansko se vlakna ne tvorijo in ne izstopajo po celotnem obodu centrifugirnih obročev, na splošno zasedajo kvečjemu tri četrtine oboda. Na preostali četrtini se iztiska vezivo, ki ima le malo možnosti, da zadane ob vlakna. Druga meja tega postopka pa je v zelo kratkem trajanju, med katerim je verjetno, da kapljica veziva zadane ob eno ali več vlaken. Dva tokova v obliki zaves, eden iz kapljic veziva in drugi iz vlaken, sta pravokotna in tanka, področje, kjer se sekata, pa ima zelo majhno prostornino. Izum si zadaja nalogo, da se izboljša postopek po patentu EP-B 59 152.The problem is the distribution of the binder inside the pillow. Several procedures have been proposed to distribute the binder and distribute homogeneously between the fibers. European Patent EP-B 59 152 thus proposes introducing a liquid binder into the center of the centrifuge rings and allowing the binder to be extruded by the centrifugal force and exiting the annular gap up to a certain distance from the circumference of the ring. The extruded droplets of the binder radially attach to the fibers which are ejected and parallel to the axis of the ring. This system is very efficient, but it has its limits. On the one hand, the yield is not the largest, that is, the proportion of binder actually used is significantly less than 100%. In fact, the fibers do not form or protrude along the entire circumference of the centrifuge rings, generally occupying at most three-quarters of the circumference. A binder is extruded on the remaining quarter, which has little potential to hit the fibers. Another limitation of this process, however, is the very short duration, during which it is likely that the binder droplet hits one or more fibers. The two curtain-shaped flows, one of binder droplets and the other of fiber, are rectangular and thin, and the intersecting area has a very small volume. The invention is intended to improve the process of EP-B 59 152.
V evropskem patentnem spisu EP-B 439 385 je opisan postopek za prosto centrifugiranje, pri katerem se osnovnemu plinskemu toku, ki izstopa iz krožnih špranj, ki obdajajo vsaj delno obod centrifugirnih obročev, doda pomožni plinski tok, ki predvsem izhaja iz venca šob. Ta postopek je zelo uporaben za natančno nadzorovanje pogojev transportiranja vlaken proti sprejemnim sredstvom, kar ima za posledico izboljšanje kakovosti blazin iz izolirnih materialov, ki se dobijo na ta način, in to z dveh vidikov: znižanje stopnje delcev, ki se niso potegnili v vlakno, in povišanje toplotne upornosti. Vendar pa v tem dokumentu ni bilo raziskovano porazdeljevanje veziva, ki prihaja s centrifugiranjem iz obročaste špranje na stranski površini pred centrifugirnim obročem. Izum si zadaja nalogo izvesti izboljšanje te porazdelitve.European Patent Document EP-B 439 385 describes a process for free-spinning in which an auxiliary gas stream, mainly derived from a nozzle ring, is added to the basic gas stream exiting the circular slits surrounding at least partially the circumference of the spinning rings. This process is very useful for precisely controlling the conditions of transport of fibers against the receiving means, which results in an improvement in the quality of the insulating material cushions obtained in this way, from two aspects: reducing the rate of particles not pulled into the fiber, and increase in thermal resistance. However, this paper did not investigate the distribution of the binder that comes by centrifugation from the annular gap on the lateral surface in front of the centrifugal ring. The invention is intended to improve this distribution.
Predlagani so bili postopki za obvladovanje porazdelitve veziva v različnih plasteh, ki tvorijo blazino iz vlaken. Evropska patentna prijava EP-A 374 112 predlaga, da se doda izvor veziva v sredini rotorjev iz cevi, ki so nameščene na določenih mestih, ki so značilna, tako da določena področja suspenzije nastajajočih vlaken, ki ustrezajo posameznim plastem blazine, sprejemajo količine ali vrste določenih veziv, kar omogoča, da se dobi heterogena porazdelitev veziva v blazini, pri čemer so določene plasti, predvsem npr. zunanje plasti blazine, prekrite z mnogo veziva, medtem ko so druge, kot je središčno področje, slabše oskrbljene. Cilj, ki ga izum želi doseči, je v nasprotju s tistim od EP-A 374 112, ker gre tukaj za nasprotno, je raziskati porazdelitev veziva, kar se da homogeno po vsej debelini blazine.Methods have been proposed to control the distribution of the binder in the various layers that form the fiber cushion. European Patent Application EP-A 374 112 proposes to add a binder source in the middle of the rotors from tubes that are located in specific places so that certain suspension areas of the emerging fibers corresponding to individual layers of the pillow receive quantities or types of certain binders, which allows the heterogeneous distribution of the binder in the cushion to be obtained, with certain layers, in particular e.g. the outer layers of the pillow covered with many binders, while others, such as the central area, are less well supplied. The object which the invention seeks to achieve is in contrast to that of EP-A 374 112, since the opposite is to investigate the distribution of the binder as homogeneously as possible throughout the thickness of the pillow.
Na splošno, ko v blazini iz mineralnih vlaken, kamenih ali steklenih, porazdelitev veziva ni homogena, to vodi do poslabšanja kakovosti v dveh ozirih, kakovosti izgleda in mehanske kakovosti.In general, when the mineral fiber, stone or glass cushion, the distribution of the binder is not homogeneous, this leads to deterioration in quality in two respects, appearance quality and mechanical quality.
Smole, ki se uporabljajo kot veziva, so na splošno obarvane, kar daje izdelkom vsakega izdelovalca posebno barvo, in sicer omogoča med izdelovanjem ugotoviti, kakšna je porazdelitev veziva med vlakni.Resins used as binders are generally colored, which gives the products of each manufacturer a specific color, allowing them to determine the distribution of the binder between fibers during manufacture.
Kadar porazdelitev ni zadovoljiva, se pokaže pri izdelani blazini s področji, ki so bolj svetla in ustrezajo skupinam nepovezanih vlaken. Gre za napako v videzu, ki pa bi vendar lahko v določenih primerih imela tehnične posledice: tam, kjer je pomanjkanje veziva zelo veliko, je kohezija med vlakni nezadostna in obstoji nevarnost, da se blazina laže razsloji. Izum si daje za nalogo, da se izboljša pravilna porazdelitev veziva v blazinah.When the distribution is not satisfactory, it appears on the fabric pillow with areas that are lighter and correspond to groups of loose fibers. This is a defect in appearance, which in some cases, however, could have technical consequences: where the lack of binder is very large, the cohesion between the fibers is insufficient and there is a risk that the cushion will be easier to stratify. The invention seeks to improve the correct distribution of the binder in the cushions.
Da se to izvede, izum predlaga postopek tvorjenja mineralnih vlaken, po katerem se raztaljeni material razlije po obodu centrifugirnih obročev z osmi, ki so skoraj vodoravne, in kjer se vlakna tvorijo s centrifugiranjem in so nato izvržena v smeri, ki je skoraj vzporedna z osjo, s pomočjo osnovnega plinskega toka na vsaj enem delu oboda obročev, v katerem se tvori pomožni plinski tok, ki ima skoraj isto smer kot osnovni plinski tok in v katerem se tekoče vezivo brizga na vlakna, in kjer je pomožni plinski tok stvorjen s posameznimi tokovi, med katerimi so vsaj določeni vrteči se tokovi.In order to do this, the invention proposes a method of forming mineral fibers, in which the molten material is poured around the circumference of the centrifugal rings with axes which are almost horizontal, and where the fibers are formed by centrifugation and subsequently ejected in a direction which is almost parallel to the axis , by means of a basic gas stream on at least one portion of the circumference of the rings, in which an auxiliary gas stream is formed which has substantially the same direction as the basic gas stream and in which the liquid binder is sprayed onto the fibers, and where the auxiliary gas stream is created by individual flows , at least some of which are rotating currents.
Ti vrteči se tokovi bistveno izboljšujejo porazdelitev veziva, ki izhaja iz stene obročev za centrifugiranje na blazinah in po njihovi globini tako kot samo strukturo le-teh.These rotating currents significantly improve the distribution of the binder that flows from the wall of the centrifugation rings on the pads and in their depth, just like the structure of them.
Prednostno so pomožni plinski tokovi usmerjeni tako, da konvergirajo glede na osi rotorjev.Preferably, the auxiliary gas streams are directed to converge with respect to the axis of the rotors.
Da se dobi še boljša porazdelitev, izum razen tega predvideva, da naj se tekoče vezivo uvaja v notranjost predvsem z nekaterimi izmed vrtečih se pomožnih plinskih tokov. Vendar pa je prednostno večji del tekočega veziva uvajan na sredini centrifugirnih obročev in se porazdeli s centrifugalno silo, medtem ko se okoli 30 % tekočega veziva uvaja znotraj pomožnih plinskih tokov in ostaja v sredini centrifugirnih obročev.In order to obtain an even better distribution, the invention further provides that the liquid binder should be introduced internally with some of the rotating auxiliary gas streams. However, most of the liquid binder is preferably introduced in the middle of the centrifugal rings and distributed by centrifugal force, while about 30% of the liquid binder is introduced within the auxiliary gas streams and remains in the middle of the centrifugal rings.
Izum prav tako predlaga pripravo za izvajanje izuma. Gre za pripravo za tvorjenje mineralnih vlaken, ki obsega centrifugirne obroče na osi, kije skoraj vodoravna, in na njihovem obodu se razliva raztaljen material, in nadalje obsega špranjo, na obodu so obroči vsaj lokalno napajani z izvorom plina, in šobe, ki so prav tako napajane z izvorom plina in so nameščene okoli špranje, medtem ko sistem za napajanje z vezivom v sredini centrifugirnih obročev brizga le-to radialno, in pripravo, o kateri so zlasti določene šobe nameščene okoli špranje in obsegajo zasučna vodila.The invention also proposes a preparation for carrying out the invention. It is a preparation for the formation of mineral fibers, comprising centrifugal rings on an axis that is almost horizontal, and molten material is poured on their circumference and further comprises a slit, at the periphery the rings are at least locally powered by a gas source, and nozzles which are exactly both powered by a gas source and placed around the slit, while the binder feed system sprays it radially in the middle of the centrifugal rings, and a device about which particular nozzles are arranged around the slit and comprise rotary guides.
Podani so trije primeri vodil, gre za arhimedov vijak ali so izvedena iz vijačnega droga ali pa obsegajo premičen pokrov, ki se vrti.Three examples of guides are given, either an Archimedean screw or derived from a screw rod or comprising a movable rotating cover.
Prav tako je predvideno, daje cev za napajanje z vezivom vključena v zasučna vodila.It is also envisaged that the binder supply hose is included in the rotary guides.
Izum prav tako predlaga postopek za tvorjenje mineralnih vlaken, po katerem se raztaljen material razlije po obodu centrifugirnih obročev z osmi, ki so skoraj vodoravne, kjer se stvorijo vlakna s centrifugiranjem in so nato izbrizgana v smeri, ki je skoraj vzporedna z osjo osnovnega plinskega toka, na vsaj en del oboda obročev, na katerem se tvori pomožen plinski tok s skoraj isto smerjo, katero ima osnovni plinski tok, in v katerem se tekoče vezivo brizga na vlakna, in kjer se vezivo dovaja pomožnemu plinskemu toku. Dovajanje veziva v pomožen plinski tok se prednostno izvaja pod vlakenskimi centrifugirnimi obroči. Vendar pa se prednostno večji del veziva uvaja v sredino obročev za centrifugiranje in se porazdeljuje s pomočjo centrifugalne sile. In predvsem se okoli 30 % tekočega veziva uvaja znotraj pomožnih plinskih tokov in preostanek preko sredine centrifugirnih obročev.The invention also proposes a method for forming mineral fibers, in which the molten material is spilled around the circumference of centrifugal rings with axes which are almost horizontal, where fibers are formed by centrifugation and are then injected in a direction almost parallel to the axis of the basic gas stream , to at least one portion of the circumference of the rings, at which an auxiliary gas stream is formed in almost the same direction as the parent gas stream, and in which the liquid binder is sprayed onto the fibers, and where the binder is supplied to the auxiliary gas stream. The delivery of the binder into the auxiliary gas stream is preferably carried out under the fiber centrifuge rings. However, preferably most of the binder is introduced into the center of the centrifugal rings and distributed by centrifugal force. In particular, about 30% of the liquid binder is introduced within the auxiliary gas streams and the remainder via the middle of the centrifugal rings.
Opis in slike bodo omogočili dojeti izum in oceniti njegove prednosti:The description and the pictures will enable the invention to be understood and its advantages evaluated:
sl. 1 predstavlja stroj za zunanje centrifugiranje po izumu, sl. 2 prikazuje pripravo za porazdeljevanje veziva in sl. 3 isto in poleg še pripravo za pihanje v skladu z izumom.FIG. 1 is an external centrifugation machine according to the invention; 2 shows a binder distribution arrangement and FIG. 3 the same and in addition to the blowing apparatus according to the invention.
Naprava za izdelovanje mineralnih vlaken s prostim centrifugiranjem na splošno obsega naslednje elemente: reaktor za taljenje surovin, ki porazdeljuje eno ali več navpičnih mas raztaljenih steklastih snovi, enega ali več strojev za vlečenje vlaken, ki so vsak napajani z majhno količino snovi, pri čemer stroji tvorijo vlakna in jih močijo s tekočim vezivom. Vlakna sprejema transportni trak in, medtem ko se tvori blazina, potujejo v sušilnico, kjer se izvede strditev veziva.A free spin mineral spinner generally comprises the following elements: a raw material melting reactor that distributes one or more vertical masses of molten glassy matter, one or more fiber drawing machines each powered by a small amount of substance, the machinery being forming fibers and wetting them with a liquid binder. The fibers receive the conveyor belt and, while forming a cushion, travel to the drying room where the binder hardens.
Reaktor za taljenje je najpogosteje kupolka, ki je napajana z naravnimi kameninami ali z industrijskimi izdelki, kot so žlindre iz visokih peči. Ta kupolka tvori steklo pri temperaturi okoli 1500 °C. Majhna količina snovi kaplja na stroj za vlečenje vlaken s sl. 1, pada na prvi centrifugirni obroč 1, od koder se raztaljena snov iztisne proti obroču št. 2. Prvi obroč je tako kot ostali obdan na samem stroju z režo 3, skozi katero se piha plin. Služi ohlajevanju obroča 1. Del raztaljene snovi, ki jo sprejme obroč 2, je odtrgan z njegove površine z zračnim tokom, ki izhaja iz reže 4, in tvori vlakna, ki so izbrizgana v smeri, ki je skoraj vzporedna z osjo centrifugirnega obročaThe melting reactor is most often a cupola that is powered by natural stones or by industrial products such as blast furnace slag. This dome forms glass at a temperature of about 1500 ° C. A small amount of the substance drips onto the fiber drawing machine of FIG. 1 falls to the first centrifuge ring 1, from which the molten substance extends towards ring no. 2. Like the rest, the first ring is surrounded by a machine with a slot 3 through which gas is blown. It serves to cool the ring 1. A portion of the molten substance received by ring 2 is torn off from its surface by an air stream emanating from slot 4 and forms fibers that are ejected in a direction almost parallel to the axis of the centrifugal ring
2. Snov, ki ostane neizvlečena v vlakna, je iztisnjena proti centrifugirnemu obroču 5 itd. Kot obroč 2 vsak obroč 5 in 6 poseduje režo 7 oz. 8, iz katere se plin izpihava tangencialno na obod obroča, da se vlečejo ali iztiskajo vlakna, pri čemer je hitrost plina okoli 100 m/s. Ti plini okoli centrifugirnih obročev 2, 5, 6 za vlečenje vlaken tvorijo osnovni plinski tok, ki bo transportiral vlakna proti transportnemu traku, kjer bodo sprejeta, da se bo stvorila postelja iz vlaken. Ta postelja iz vlaken tvori končno blazino ali vsaj enega izmed elementov za njo.2. The substance which is left unspun into fibers is extruded towards the centrifuge ring 5, etc. As ring 2, each ring 5 and 6 has a slot of 7 or. 8, from which gas is blown tangentially to the circumference of the ring to pull or extrude fibers, with the gas velocity being about 100 m / s. These gases around the spinning rings 2, 5, 6 for pulling the fibers form a basic gas stream that will transport the fibers toward the conveyor belt, where they will be taken to form a bed of fibers. This fiber bed forms the end cushion or at least one of the elements behind it.
Na sl. 1 se pri 9 vidi šobe, skozi katere je prav tako izpihavan plin in tvori pomožen plinski curek. Te šobe tvorijo venec in, kot je bilo pojasnjeno pri patentu EP-B 439 385, pomožni plinski tok omogoča, da se doseže dobra porazdelitev in dobra orientacija vlaken na sprejemnem traku.In FIG. 1, at 9, nozzles can be seen through which gas is also blown to form an auxiliary gas jet. These nozzles form a wreath and, as explained in EP-B 439 385, the auxiliary gas stream enables a good distribution and good orientation of the fibers on the receiving strip.
Na običajen način se vezivo, ki je - po svoji strditvi - namenjeno mehanskemu povezovanju vlaken drugega z drugim iztisne iz samih centrifugirnih obročev s pomočjo krožnih rež 10,11,12.In a conventional manner, a binder which, according to its solidification, is intended to mechanically connect the fibers of the other to the other is extruded from the centrifuge rings themselves by means of circular slots 10, 11, 12.
Priprava po izumu se uporabi v šobah 9. Ta priprava obsega dva elementa, ki vsak po svoji strani sodelujeta pri rezultatu. To so zasučna vodila in dovodi za vezivo.The device according to the invention is used in nozzles 9. This device comprises two elements that each in turn cooperate in the result. These are the twist guides and bindings for the binder.
Obravnavajmo najprej le-te. Gre za cevi, ki so v bistvu soosne s tistimi od šob 9 v vencu za pomožen plinski curek. Sl. 2 predstavlja takšno šobo, ki je opremljena s cevjo za dovajanje veziva. Šoba 13 je s svojim koncem 14 pritrjena na stroju za vlečenje vlaken, to je cevasti vod s premerom npr. 40 mm, v katerem se plini izpihavajo s hitrostmi okoli 70 m/s. Cev 16, prednostno v izstopni osi 15 te šobe, dopušča, da se dovaja vezivo s pomočjo plinskega toka, ki prehaja skozi šobo 13.Let us consider them first. These are tubes substantially coaxial with those of the nozzles 9 in the auxiliary gas jet. FIG. 2 represents such a nozzle provided with a hose for supplying the binder. The nozzle 13 is fixed with its end 14 to a fiber drawing machine, i.e. a tubular line with a diameter of e.g. 40 mm, in which gases are blown out at speeds of about 70 m / s. The tube 16, preferably in the outlet axis 15 of this nozzle, allows the binder to be supplied by means of a gas stream passing through the nozzle 13.
Izvedeni so bili poskusi za dovajanje veziva na različnih mestih venca za pomožen plinski tok s sl. 1. Ugotovilo se je, da se je porazdelitev veziva v blazini iz vlaken razločno izboljšala, ko se dodatno dovajanje veziva vrši pod tremi rotorji 2, 5 in 6 za vlečenje vlaken in predvsem prvim rotorjem 2 in drugim rotorjem 5. Ti dovodi veziva, ki so povezani z določenimi šobami v vencu, niso namenjeni dovajanju vsega veziva. Ugotovilo se je, da bi bili boljši pogoji tisti, v katerih se 30 % dovede le na vencu, preostanek pa se na običajen način iztisne iz središča obročev 10,11 in 12.Attempts have been made to feed the binder at different sites of the auxiliary gas stream of FIG. 1. It was found that the distribution of the binder in the fiber cushion improved markedly when additional binder feeding was performed under the three fiber drawing rotor 2, 5 and 6, and in particular the first rotor 2 and the second rotor 5. These binder feeds which are connected to certain nozzles in the wreath, they are not intended to feed all the binder. It was found that better conditions would be those in which 30% is cast only on the wreath and the remainder is extruded in the usual way from the center of the rings 10,11 and 12.
Na sl. 3 je prikazana šoba, ki je opremljena ne le z dovodom za vezivo temveč prav tako z vrtljivim vodilom. Ti dve pripravi sta neodvisni in vsaka zase je učinkovita. Vrtljivo vodilo je namenjeno, da povzroči vrtenje pomožnega plinskega toka, ki izstopa iz šob, kot je šoba 9 na sl. 1. Sistem, ki je predstavljen na sl. 3, je vrste odpirača, to se pravi, da se je v notranjosti šobe in soosno z njo namestil kovinski drog 17 v obliki vijačnice. Ko plini, ki jih usmerja šoba, z veliko hitrostjo - npr. 70 m/s - zadanejo vijačen drog, se začnejo sukati okoli osi šobe. Preizkušane so bile druge ustrezne priprave, predvsem fiksen arhimedov vijak, katerega os sovpada z osjo šobe, in celo sistem s pokrovom, ki je premičen okoli osi šobe, pri čemer ima pokrov obliko, ki je rahlo vijačna, kar mu omogoča, da se začne vrteti, ko je vzpostavljen pretok plina. Vsa ta vrtljiva vodila dopuščajo vzpostavitev vrtenja pri določenih, vsaj pomožnih plinskih tokovih.In FIG. 3 shows a nozzle which is equipped not only with a binder inlet but also with a rotating guide. These two preparations are independent and each is effective. The rotary guide is intended to cause the auxiliary gas flow to exit the nozzles such as nozzle 9 in FIG. 1. The system presented in FIG. 3 is a type of opener, that is to say, a helix-shaped metal rod 17 has been fitted inside the nozzle and coaxially therewith. When nozzle-driven gases at high speed - e.g. 70 m / s - they hit the screw rod, they start twisting around the nozzle axis. Other suitable devices have been tested, notably a fixed archimedean screw whose axis coincides with the axis of the nozzle, and even a system with a lid that is movable around the axis of the nozzle, with the lid having a slightly screwed shape, allowing it to start rotate when gas flow is established. All of these rotary guides allow for rotation at certain, at least auxiliary gas flows.
Da se oceni učinkovitost predhodnih sredstev, so bili izvedeni številni primerjalni poskusi. Za vsako sredstvo, zasučno vodilo po eni strani in središčni dovod veziva po drugi strani tako kot za kombinacijo obeh so se pri identičnih pogojih proizvedle znatne količine kamene volne in so se primerjali rezultati.A number of comparative experiments have been carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of precursors. Significant amounts of stone wool were produced under identical conditions for each agent, the rotary guide on the one hand, and the central feed of the binder on the other, and the results were compared under identical conditions.
Izdelovalni parametri, ki jih je bilo treba vzdrževati identične za dva poskusa, namenjena, da se primerjata, so v bistvu: razdalja, gostota izdelane blazine, delež veziva in značilnosti posameznih vlaken, premer in dolžina.The manufacturing parameters that were to be maintained identical for the two experiments intended to be compared were essentially: distance, density of fabric made, binder proportion and characteristics of individual fibers, diameter and length.
Poskusi, ki so namenjeni ovrednotenju porazdelitve veziva v končnem izdelku, to se pravi, ovrednotenju rezultatov poskusov, so dveh vrst, po eni strani optično opazovanje in po drugi strani poskus iztrganja.Experiments aimed at evaluating the distribution of a binder in the finished product, that is, evaluating the results of the experiments, are of two types, on the one hand optical observation and, on the other, the tearing attempt.
Optični videz se ovrednoti z merjenjem barve na površini izdelane blazine. Barva se meri s trikromatskimi koordinatami L*a‘b*. Kolorimeter je od družbe MINOLTA, tipa CR 100 , ki izvaja meritev na krožni površini premera 8 mm v odboju. Na zaslonu 1 m x 1 m se izbere 30 merilnih točk, ki so enakomerno razmaknjene. Ker vezivo daje izdelku rumeno barvo, so to le koordinate L* (luminanca) in b* (modro), ki se odbereta. Meritev obstoji v računanju deleža merilnih točk, za katere je L* večji od 0,62 in b* manjši od 0,20. Ti meji sta tisti, ki ločujeta področje, kjer je veziva premalo - beli pramen - in področje, kjer je vezivo odloženo normalno. Izračunani delež tvori delež belih pramenov.The optical appearance is evaluated by measuring the color on the surface of the fabric pillow. Color is measured by the trichromatic coordinates L * a′b *. The colorimeter is from MINOLTA, type CR 100, which measures on a circular surface 8 mm in diameter. On the 1m x 1m screen, 30 measuring points are selected that are evenly spaced. Because the binder gives the product a yellow color, it is only the coordinates L * (luminance) and b * (blue) that are read. Measurement exists in calculating the proportion of measurement points for which L * is greater than 0.62 and b * less than 0.20. These boundaries are the ones that separate the area where the binder is too small - the white strand - and the area where the binder is deposited normally. The calculated proportion forms the proportion of white strands.
Poskus z iztrganjem služi določanju odpornosti na vlečenje končnega izdelka pravokotno na stranici blazine, izvaja se po normi CEN/TC 88. Vzdolž izdelovalne linije se odvzame 16 kvadratnih vzorcev 10 x 10 cm2, ki so po dolžini enakomerno razmaknjeni. Na vsaki od stranic se nalepi predizdelana mavčna ploščica debeline 10 mm. Nato se po strditvi lepila uvedejo vzorci drug za drugim v dinamometer INSTRON in zabeleži se sila v trenutku raztrganja, medtem ko se vleče na eni strani in druga ostaja fiksna.The tear-off experiment is used to determine the drag resistance of the finished product perpendicular to the side of the cushion, carried out in accordance with CEN / TC 88. 16 square samples of 10 x 10 cm 2 are taken along the production line, spaced evenly in length. A pre-fabricated 10 mm thick gypsum board is affixed to each side. Then, after the adhesive has hardened, the specimens are introduced one after the other into the INSTRON chassis dynamometer and the force recorded at the moment of tearing while being pulled on one side and the other remains fixed.
Odpornost σ na iztrganje v kN/m2:The tear resistance σ in kN / m 2 :
σ = 103 F/S, kjer je F sila, kije izmerjena v N in S ploskev (0,01 m2).σ = 10 3 F / S, where F is the force measured in the N and S surfaces (0.01 m 2 ).
Merjenje deleža belih pramenov se izvede v treh različnih poskusih in pri enem referenčnem izdelovanju. Le-to je bilo tisto z gosto 45,5 kg/m3, količina veziva v končnem izdelku je bila 3,1 % in delež belih pramenov je bil 22 %.The white strand fraction is measured in three different experiments and in one reference fabrication. This was the one with a dense 45.5 kg / m 3 , the amount of binder in the finished product was 3.1% and the proportion of white strands was 22%.
Trije poskusi po izumu so bili izvedeni pod naslednjimi pogoji:Three experiments according to the invention were carried out under the following conditions:
1. Le rotacija1. Only rotation
Vse šobe v vencu so bile opremljene z zasučnim vodilom, ki ga tvori vijačen drog s sl. 3, vezivo seje dovajalo na običajen način od središča centrifugirnih obročev 10,11 in 12.All nozzles in the wreath were fitted with a rotary guide formed by the helical bar of FIG. 3, the binder was fed in a conventional manner from the center of the centrifuge rings 10,11 and 12.
2. Dovajanje veziva v šobe2. Feed the binder into the nozzles
Nobena izmed šob 9 ne obsega zasučnega vodila. Cevi za dovajanje veziva so priključene na vseh šobah med 8 in 15 in 23 in 25, pri čemer je oštevilčenje šob s sl. 1 izvedeno v pozitivnem smislu, prva je zgoraj levo na sliki. 70 % veziva je bilo dovedenega v središče centrifugirnih obročev in 30 % preko šob.None of the nozzles 9 comprise a rotary guide. The binder feed tubes are connected on all nozzles between 8 and 15 and 23 and 25, with the numbering of the nozzles of FIG. 1 done in a positive way, the first one is at the top left of the picture. 70% of the binder was brought into the center of the centrifuge rings and 30% via the nozzles.
3. Rotacija in dovajanje veziva v šobe3. Rotation and delivery of the binder into the nozzles
Gre za kombinacijo dveh zgornjih sredstev: vse šobe so opremljene z zasučnimi vodili in šobe 8 do 15 in 23 do 25 s cevmi za dovajanje veziva - v istem deležu kot zgoraj.It is a combination of the two above means: all nozzles are equipped with rotary guides and nozzles 8 to 15 and 23 to 25 with binder feed pipes - in the same proportion as above.
Rezultati so predstavljeni v tabeli:The results are presented in the table:
Tako ti rezultati prikazujejo, daje vsako izmed predlaganih dveh sredstev, rotacija in zunanje dovajanje veziva, učinkovito, ko je samo (32 % oz. 41 % izboljšanja), in da njuna kombinacija prinaša več (praktično: izginitev belih pramenov).Thus, these results show that each of the two proposed agents, rotation and external feeding of the binder, is effective when alone (32% or 41% improvement, respectively), and that their combination yields more (practical: disappearing white strands).
Sicer so se ugotovili izvrstni rezultati, ki so bili dobljeni s kombinacijo dveh sistemov ob izvajanju meritve iztrganja ob drugem poteku poskusov, tekom katerega je bila gostota potem dvojna glede na tisto, kije bila zgoraj.Otherwise, excellent results were obtained from the combination of the two systems when performing the tear-off measurement on the second course of experiments, during which the density was then twice that of the above.
Rezultati so prav tako zbrani v tabeli:The results are also summarized in the table below:
Kot tudi videz (delež belih pramenov) kot mehanske performance (iztrganje) so izrazito izboljšane zahvaljujoč postopku po izumu.As well as appearance (percentage of white strands) as mechanical performance (tearing) are markedly improved thanks to the process according to the invention.
Ta boljša porazdelitev veziva poleg mehanskega obnašanja izdelane blazine predstavlja drugo prednost: daje boljšo kohezijo blazini med oblikovanjem. To je predvsem zanimivo, kadar so blazine izdelovane v dveh etapah, sestava prvega primarnega prta tako drobnega, kot je možno, nato odlaganje več debelin primarnega prta v cik-caku pravokotno na os dokončne blazine. Performance izdelane blazine so toliko boljše, kolikor večje je število primarnih prtov, to se pravi, sicer vse enako, le njihova posamezna debelina je manjša.This better distribution of the binder, in addition to the mechanical behavior of the fabric cushion, offers another advantage: it gives better cohesion to the cushion during design. This is especially interesting when the cushions are made in two stages, the composition of the first primary tablecloth as small as possible, then the deposition of several thicknesses of the primary tablecloth in a zigzag perpendicular to the axis of the final pillow. The performance of the made pillows is the better the number of primary tablecloths is, that is, otherwise all the same, only their individual thickness is smaller.
Poskusi so pokazali, da medtem ko je bila pri običajnem izdelovanju omejitev navzdol za ploskovne mase primarnega prta (pod to najmanjšo vrednostjo se prt razcefra in pojavijo se luknje), izum dopušča, da se lahko na preprost način spusti pri istih izdelovalnih pogojih proti vrednostim, ki so vsaj za 30 % nižje, to se pravi, da je primarni prt tanjši za 30 %, kar dopušča znatno izboljšati kakovost končnih blazin.Experiments have shown that, while in the ordinary fabrication of the constraints, there was a downward curvature of the primary tablecloth masses (below that minimum, the tablecloth splits and holes appear), the invention allows it to be easily dropped under the same manufacturing conditions against the values, which are at least 30% lower, that is, the primary tablecloth is 30% thinner, which significantly improves the quality of the end cushions.
ZaFor
ISO VER SAINT-GOBAIN:ISO VER SAINT-GOBAIN:
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9513069 | 1995-11-06 | ||
| FR9513070A FR2740770A1 (en) | 1995-11-06 | 1995-11-06 | Manufacture of a bonded mineral fibre mattress layer |
| PCT/FR1996/001735 WO1997017305A1 (en) | 1995-11-06 | 1996-11-05 | Free mineral fibre centrifuging method and device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SI9620019A true SI9620019A (en) | 1998-02-28 |
Family
ID=26232314
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9620019A SI9620019A (en) | 1995-11-06 | 1996-11-05 | Free mineral fibre centrifuging method and device |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0801635B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10512541A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1056357C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE244210T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU718485B2 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ211297A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69628910D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2202482T5 (en) |
| IS (1) | IS4511A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO972945L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL320853A1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI9620019A (en) |
| SK (1) | SK86497A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997017305A1 (en) |
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| RU2005102078A (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2005-07-10 | Роквул Интернэшнл А/С (DK) | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING MINERAL FIBERS USING A ROTOR AND INCLUDING A BINDER |
| FI121784B (en) | 2004-12-31 | 2011-04-15 | Paroc Oy Ab | System and method for making mineral wool and defibrator |
| FR2883866B1 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2007-05-18 | Saint Gobain Isover Sa | MINERAL WOOL, INSULATING PRODUCT AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
| WO2014013896A1 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-23 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Method for manufacturing laminated coil component |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1350202A (en) † | 1918-07-05 | 1920-08-17 | G A Buhl Company | Liquid and gas contact apparatus |
| US2058309A (en) † | 1934-04-30 | 1936-10-20 | Haering David William | Fluid flow controlling apparatus |
| FR1495189A (en) * | 1966-09-26 | 1967-09-15 | Vsesojuzny, Nauchno Issledovatelsky I Proektny Institut Teploproekt | Centrifuge for the production of mineral fiber impregnated with binder |
| GB1169034A (en) * | 1966-11-08 | 1969-10-29 | Celotex Corp | Method of Coating Mineral Fibers with Binding or Sizing Materials |
| US4342582A (en) * | 1981-09-08 | 1982-08-03 | United States Gypsum Company | Apparatus for fiberization of mineral fiber having directional shroud |
| FI77834C (en) † | 1987-04-06 | 1989-05-10 | Partek Ab | FIBRERINGSANORDNING FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV MINERALULL. |
| DK608788A (en) † | 1988-11-01 | 1990-05-02 | Rockwool Int | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A BINDING CONTAINER MINERAL WOOL PRODUCT |
| SE464706B (en) † | 1988-12-16 | 1991-06-03 | Rockwool Ab | SETTING TO BRING BINDING TO MINERAL WOOL |
| SE463817B (en) † | 1988-12-16 | 1991-01-28 | Rockwool Ab | SET AND DEVICE TO ADD BINDING AGENTS TO NEW CREATED MINERAL WOOL FIBERS |
| FR2657077B1 (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1993-07-02 | Saint Gobain Isover | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FIBRATION OF MINERAL WOOL BY FREE CENTRIFUGATION. |
| GB9001124D0 (en) * | 1990-01-18 | 1990-03-21 | Rockwool Int | Spinning apparatus and method |
| US5458822A (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1995-10-17 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Method for manufacturing a mineral fiber product |
| GB9425020D0 (en) † | 1994-12-12 | 1995-02-08 | Rockwool Int | Manufacture of vitreous fibre products |
| RU2005102078A (en) † | 2002-06-28 | 2005-07-10 | Роквул Интернэшнл А/С (DK) | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING MINERAL FIBERS USING A ROTOR AND INCLUDING A BINDER |
-
1996
- 1996-11-05 CN CN96192344A patent/CN1056357C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-05 AU AU75003/96A patent/AU718485B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-11-05 PL PL96320853A patent/PL320853A1/en unknown
- 1996-11-05 JP JP9517922A patent/JPH10512541A/en active Pending
- 1996-11-05 DE DE69628910T patent/DE69628910D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-05 CZ CZ972112A patent/CZ211297A3/en unknown
- 1996-11-05 EP EP96937395A patent/EP0801635B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-05 SK SK864-97A patent/SK86497A3/en unknown
- 1996-11-05 AT AT96937395T patent/ATE244210T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-05 WO PCT/FR1996/001735 patent/WO1997017305A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-11-05 SI SI9620019A patent/SI9620019A/en unknown
- 1996-11-05 ES ES96937395T patent/ES2202482T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-06-23 NO NO972945A patent/NO972945L/en unknown
- 1997-06-24 IS IS4511A patent/IS4511A/en unknown
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| EP0801635B1 (en) | 2003-07-02 |
| ES2202482T5 (en) | 2010-06-02 |
| NO972945D0 (en) | 1997-06-23 |
| AU7500396A (en) | 1997-05-29 |
| SK86497A3 (en) | 1998-03-04 |
| EP0801635A1 (en) | 1997-10-22 |
| EP0801635B2 (en) | 2010-02-10 |
| AU718485B2 (en) | 2000-04-13 |
| JPH10512541A (en) | 1998-12-02 |
| WO1997017305A1 (en) | 1997-05-15 |
| CN1056357C (en) | 2000-09-13 |
| ATE244210T1 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
| IS4511A (en) | 1997-06-24 |
| PL320853A1 (en) | 1997-11-10 |
| NO972945L (en) | 1997-06-23 |
| DE69628910D1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| CN1177339A (en) | 1998-03-25 |
| ES2202482T3 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
| CZ211297A3 (en) | 1997-12-17 |
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