SI9500091A - Method for mining coal, especially from thick seams - Google Patents
Method for mining coal, especially from thick seams Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SI9500091A SI9500091A SI9500091A SI9500091A SI9500091A SI 9500091 A SI9500091 A SI 9500091A SI 9500091 A SI9500091 A SI 9500091A SI 9500091 A SI9500091 A SI 9500091A SI 9500091 A SI9500091 A SI 9500091A
- Authority
- SI
- Slovenia
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- lowering
- trench
- excavation
- conveyor
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Rudnik lignita Velenje p.o.Velenje lignite mine p.o.
Postopek pridobivanja premoga, zlasti iz debelih slojevThe process of extracting coal, especially from thick layers
Izum se nanaša na postopek pridobivanja premoga, zlasti iz debelih slojev, sestoječ iz podkopnega dela, ki obsega rezanje stene podkopa, zamik odkopnega transporterja, zamik sekcij hidravličnega podporja in pripravo križišč ter zamik smernega odvoza, in nadkopnega dela, ki obsega drobljenje premoga, spuščanje le-tega skozi hidravlično loputo hidravličnega podporja in kontrolirano spuščanje premoga v odkopni transporter.The invention relates to a process for the extraction of coal, in particular from the thick layers, consisting of a sub-floor part comprising cutting the wall of the sub-floor, displacement of the excavator conveyor, displacement of sections of hydraulic support and preparation of intersections and displacement of directional removal, and an overhead part comprising fragmentation of coal, lowering it through the hydraulic flap of the hydraulic support and the controlled lowering of the coal into the excavator.
Postopek odkopavanja debelih slojev premoga je v splošnem znan. Pri tem velja, da se za debel sloj šteje tisti, ki se ga ne da pridobiti naenkrat z odkopavanjem v eni plošči oz. katerega debelina presega 5 m. Tako so npr. na Madžarskem razvili postopek, ki omogoča rezanje premoga v podkopnem delu, nadkopni premog pa se najprej navrta, zatem razstreli in nato spusti skozi hidravlično loputo v zadnjem prostoru odkopa.The process of excavating thick coal layers is generally known. In this case, a thick layer is considered to be one that cannot be obtained at the same time by excavation in one plate or. whose thickness exceeds 5 m. Thus, for example, In Hungary, a process has been developed that allows coal to be cut in the underburst, and the overburden is first coiled, then blasted and then dropped through a hydraulic hatch in the back space of the excavation.
Nadaljnji postopek pridobivanja premoga iz debelih slojev je razvil prijavitelj sam. Zadevni postopek sestoji iz pridobivanja premoga iz podkopnega in nadkopnega dela. Podkopni del obsega rezanje stene podkopa, zamik odkopnega transporterja, zamik hidravličnega podporja in priprave križišč ter zamika smernega odvoza. Nadkopni del pa sestoji iz vrtanja razstreljevalni h vrtin, polnjenja vrtin z razstrelivom, razstreljevanja, spuščanja tako zdrobljenega premoga skozi hidravlične lopute podporja v zadnjem delu odkopa na odkopni transporter in po potrebi naknadnega vrtanja in razstreljevanja kosov premoga, ki so se zagozdili ob odprtini.The further process of coal extraction from the thick layers was developed by the applicant himself. The process in question consists of the extraction of coal from the underground and overburden work. The underside part includes cutting the underside wall, the displacement of the excavator conveyor, the displacement of the hydraulic support and the preparation of intersections, and the delay of the directional removal. The excavation part consists of drilling the blasting holes, filling the wells with explosives, blasting, lowering the crushed coal through the hydraulic flaps of the support in the back of the excavation to the excavator and, if necessary, drilling and blasting the pieces of coal stuck in the hole.
e.e.
Pomanjkljivost teh znanih postopkov pridobivanja premoga iz debelih slojev lezi v tem, da se premog toči v zadnjem delu hidravličnega podporja. Zaradi pritiskov hribinskih plasti nad odkopom je namreč stalno prisotna nevarnost nekontroliranega vdora zdrobljene hribine v varovani sprednji del, kar bi povzročilo prekinitev dela in neposredno ogrozilo odkopno opremo kot tudi varnost rudarjev. Nadaljnja pomanjkljivost je predvsem sorazmerno velika poraba delovnega časa oz. manualno delo, ki sta potrebna pri vrtanju in razstreljevanju. Posledica tega je zmanjšana kapaciteta odkopa oz. višji stroški na tono nakopanega premoga. Pomanjkljivost, ki je ne gre zanemariti, je tudi stalno prisotna nevarnost ob razstreljevanju.The disadvantage of these known thick coal mining processes is that the coal is poured into the back of the hydraulic support. Because of the pressure of the rock layers above the excavation, there is a constant risk of uncontrolled intrusion of the broken hill into the protected front, which would cause interruption of work and directly threaten the excavation equipment as well as the safety of miners. A further disadvantage is, in particular, the relatively high use of working time or time. manual work required for drilling and blasting. This results in a reduced excavation capacity. higher costs per tonne of coal accumulated. A disadvantage that should not be neglected is the constant danger of blasting.
Izhajajoč iz gori navedenih pomanjkljivosti je naloga izuma ustvariti postopek pridobivanja premoga, zlasti iz debelih slojev, pri katerem je proces rušenja nadkopnega premoga varen, zanesljiv in enostaven, kapaciteta odkopa pa večja ob hkratni pocenitvi postopka.Based on the aforementioned disadvantages, it is an object of the invention to create a coal mining process, especially of thick layers, in which the process of demolition of coal is safe, reliable and easy and the excavation capacity is greater while reducing the cost of the process.
Bistvo postopka pridobivanja premoga, zlasti iz debelih slojev, po izumu lezi v tem, da se nadkopni premog spušča v odkopni transporter kontrolirano preko stropnikov sekcij v sprednjem delu odkopa. To kontrolirano spuščanje nadkopnega premoga se doseže z dviganjem in spuščanjem po sebi znanih stropnikov hidravličnega podporja. Velikost odprtine za spuščanje, ki jo tvorita stena podkopa in rob stropnika podporja, se da nastavljati s številom stropnikov in njih nagibom. Število popuščenih stropnikov in njih nagib pa je odvisno od granulacije premoga v nadkopu. Po končanem točenju premoga stropnik podporja zravnamo v vodoravni ravnini, s čimer se odprtino za spuščanje popolnoma zapre.The essence of the coal mining process, especially of thick layers, according to the invention lies in the fact that the overburden is lowered into the excavator conveyor controlled via the ceiling of the sections in the front of the excavation. This controlled lowering of the overburden is achieved by raising and lowering the known hydraulic support ceilings. The size of the lowering opening, formed by the underside wall and the edge of the support ceiling, can be adjusted by the number of ceilings and their inclination. The number of loosened ceilings and their slope, however, depends on the granulation of coal in the excavation. After the coal is refined, the support ceiling is leveled in a horizontal plane, thus closing the lowering opening completely.
Postopek po izumu sestoji iz naslednjih delovnih operacij:The process according to the invention consists of the following operating operations:
a) rezanje podkopa, ki se izvaja z odkopnim strojem, pomikajočim se na vodilih transporterja, in obsegajočim vrteče se bobne, na katerih so razporejena rezila. Bobni z rezili odrežejo v danem primeru pas širine okoli 0,7 m in višine okoli 3,0 /n;a) cutting the underside by means of a trenching machine moving on the conveyor rails and comprising rotating drums on which the blades are arranged. Blades with blades cut off, as appropriate, a belt about 0.7 m wide and about 3.0 / n high;
b) premikanje odkopnega transporterja, sestoječega iz medsebojno gibljivo povezanih segmentov, v prostor, ki je nastal z rezanjem podkopa. Premikanje transporterja poteka postopno za odkopnim οb) moving the excavator conveyor, consisting of mutually moving segments, into the space formed by cutting the sub-floor. The conveyor is moved gradually after the excavation ο
strojem, pri čemer znaša v danem primeru vsakokratni premik med 0 in 0,7 m na razdalji okoli 15 m;the machine, wherein the respective displacement is between 0 and 0.7 m over a distance of about 15 m;
c) premikanje sekcij hidravličnega podporja, ki se izvaja posamično in postopno od sekcije do sekcije. To operacijo se izvaja tako, da vsakokratno sekcijo popustimo, tj. znižamo nosilni hidravlični stojki, in jo s hidravličnim valjem, pritrjenim na odkopnem transporterju, v danem primeru povlečemo v smeri proti transporterju za 0,7 m oz. do transporterja samega. Zadevno sekcijo zatem vpnemo in popustimo naslednjo;c) movement of the hydraulic support sections, carried out individually and gradually from section to section. This operation is performed by loosening each section, ie. lower the load-bearing hydraulic struts, and with a hydraulic cylinder attached to the excavator conveyor, if necessary, pull it towards the conveyor by 0.7 m or. to the conveyor itself. The section in question is then clamped down and loosened next;
d) rušenje nadkopnega premoga, ki se prične potem, ko je v podkopu izvedeno zadostno število rezov, tj. 2 do 3 v trdnem in žilavem premogu oz. 4 do 6 v drobečem. Višina nadkopa znaša v danem primeru med 7 in 12 m. V nadkop se po potrebi izvrta vrtine in razstreli sloj premoga. Nadkopni premog rušimo z dviganjem in spuščanjem stropnika, kar se prednostno izvaja hidravlično. Stropnik izvaja pri tem pritisk na sloj premoga, s čimer povzroči drobljenje oz. rušenje premoga;d) the demolition of the coal, which begins after a sufficient number of cuts have been made in the underbore, ie. 2 to 3 in solid and tough coal. 4 to 6 in shredding. The height of the burial ground is, as appropriate, between 7 and 12 m. Wells are drilled into the excavation and blasted with coal. The coal is demolished by raising and lowering the ceiling, which is preferably carried out hydraulically. In doing so, the ceiling exerts pressure on the coal bed, thereby causing crushing or crushing. coal mining;
e) kontrolirano spuščanje narušenega odkopnega premoga, ki se izvaja v primeru, da je količino premoga, ki ga točimo, potrebno bodisi zvečati ali zmanjšati, ali da je sloj premoga porušen naprej nad sekcijo, tj. v smeri odkopavanja. Velikost odprtine za točenje se zmanjša oz. poveča s pomičnim podaljškom stropnika in oporno ploščo. Podaljšek stropnika pri tem drsi naprej ali nazaj, oporna plošča pa se krožno odpre ali zapre za 180°.e) controlled lowering of the damaged coal, carried out in the event that the amount of coal being refined needs to be either increased or reduced, or that the coal layer is demolished further above the section, ie. in the direction of excavation. The size of the dispensing hole is reduced or reduced. increases with sliding ceiling extension and support plate. The slider extension slides forward or backwards, and the support plate opens or closes 180 ° in a circular manner.
V točkah a) do e) navedeni parametri so navedeni zgolj kot neomejevalni primer in so odvisni od uporabljene odkopne opreme.In points (a) to (e), the parameters specified are purely non-limiting and depend on the excavation equipment used.
S točenjem premoga iz odkopa se preneha, ko pridobimo dovoljeno količino premoga oz. se pojavi jalovina. Temu ponovno sledi rezanje podkopa in poprej opisane operacije se ponovijo. Ko odkop doseže odkopno mejo (po okoli 300 do 800 m), se vso opremo razstavi in premesti na drugo odkopno lokacijo ali v popravilo na površino.The extraction of coal from the excavation is terminated when the permitted amount of coal or coal is obtained. tailings appear. This is followed by cutting the undercut again and the operations described above are repeated. When the excavation reaches the excavation boundary (approximately 300 to 800 m), all equipment is dismantled and moved to another excavation site or surface repair.
Primer:Example:
V nadaljevanju so tabelarično prikazane vrednostni značilnih parametrov, ki se jih spremlja pri pridobivanju premoga. Prva kolona (A) predstavlja parametre pred pojavom izuma, druga kolona (B) pa parametre, dobljeneThe table below shows the values of typical parameters that are monitored for coal production. The first column (A) represents the parameters before the invention, and the second column (B) represents the parameters obtained
V primerjavi z znanimi postopki, pri katerih se izrablja točenje zadaj, ima postopek po izumu, pri katerem uporabljamo točenje spredaj, niz prednosti. Tako se npr. poveča kapaciteta odkopa, zmanjša stroške odkopavanja, doseže ugodnejše razmerje pripravljalnih del, praktično popolnoma se izognemo operaciji razstreljevanja, vložek živega dela na tono pridobljenega premoga je manjši, pa tudi izkoristek odkopne mehanizacije je večji.Compared to the known methods of backfilling, the method of the invention, which uses frontfilling, has a number of advantages. Thus, e.g. increases the capacity of the excavation, reduces the cost of the excavation, achieves a more favorable ratio of preparatory work, practically completely avoids the blasting operation, the input of live part per ton of coal produced is smaller, and the efficiency of the excavation machinery is also greater.
Rudnik lignita Velenje p.o.Velenje lignite mine p.o.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9500091A SI9500091A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Method for mining coal, especially from thick seams |
| PCT/SI1995/000018 WO1996029504A1 (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-07-27 | A method of winning coal, particularly from thick coal-seams |
| PL95322301A PL177921B1 (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-07-27 | Method of getting coal in particular from thick coal beds |
| AU31239/95A AU695018B2 (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-07-27 | A method of winning coal particularly from thick coal seams |
| TR95/00979A TR199500979A2 (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-08-08 | In particular, a method for extracting coal from thick coal veins. |
| YU75595A YU48981B (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-12-06 | A method of winning coal, particularly from thick coal-steams |
| BA960080A BA96080A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-08 | The process of producing coal, especially from thick layers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9500091A SI9500091A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Method for mining coal, especially from thick seams |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SI9500091A true SI9500091A (en) | 1995-06-30 |
Family
ID=20431576
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9500091A SI9500091A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Method for mining coal, especially from thick seams |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU695018B2 (en) |
| BA (1) | BA96080A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL177921B1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI9500091A (en) |
| TR (1) | TR199500979A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996029504A1 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU48981B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102061922B (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2012-10-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for carrying out comprehensive mechanical coal mining and continuous propulsion mining on split and merged coal beds |
| CN113435045B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-03-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for calculating working resistance of horizontal subsection fully mechanized caving mining support of steeply inclined coal seam |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3932560C2 (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1993-12-16 | Klaus Ketterer | Process for regulating the delivery rate |
| US5368369A (en) * | 1993-03-23 | 1994-11-29 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Equipment useful for winning ores particularly coal in longwall mining |
| GB2285075A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-06-28 | Longwall Roof Supports Ltd | Mining apparatus and method |
-
1995
- 1995-03-20 SI SI9500091A patent/SI9500091A/en unknown
- 1995-07-27 PL PL95322301A patent/PL177921B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-27 WO PCT/SI1995/000018 patent/WO1996029504A1/en active Search and Examination
- 1995-07-27 AU AU31239/95A patent/AU695018B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-08 TR TR95/00979A patent/TR199500979A2/en unknown
- 1995-12-06 YU YU75595A patent/YU48981B/en unknown
-
1996
- 1996-03-08 BA BA960080A patent/BA96080A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| YU48981B (en) | 2003-02-28 |
| PL177921B1 (en) | 2000-01-31 |
| YU75595A (en) | 1998-08-14 |
| AU695018B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
| AU3123995A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
| WO1996029504A1 (en) | 1996-09-26 |
| BA96080A (en) | 1999-08-02 |
| PL322301A1 (en) | 1998-01-19 |
| TR199500979A2 (en) | 1997-03-21 |
| TR199500979A3 (en) | 1997-03-21 |
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